Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum最新文献_第2页

[Enzyme spectrophotometry determination of sodium, potassium and chloride ions in serum and urine]. [酶光度法测定血清和尿液中的钠、钾、氯离子]。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

M N Berry, R D Mazzachi, M J Peake

{"title":"[Enzyme spectrophotometry determination of sodium, potassium and chloride ions in serum and urine].","authors":"M N Berry, R D Mazzachi, M J Peake","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The principles and main features of enzymatic methods for the measurement of sodium, potassium, and chloride are reviewed and their performance compared with current procedures. Each method makes use of a relatively specific enzyme, catalysing a reaction whose rate is sensitive to the ion to be determined. Where the (S)0.5 of the enzyme for the ion is much lower than the assay concentration, the ion concentration may be reduced by a binding agent. Alternatively, a competitive inhibitor may be used to raise the (S)0.5 of the enzyme. In the case of chloride determination with amylase the (S)0.5 of the enzyme is raised by limiting the concentration of free calcium. In the measurement of potassium, interfering ions such as sodium are removed by binding with Kryptofix 221 and improvement in performance is also achieved by use of a bacterial pyruvate kinase less sensitive to sodium. The enzymatic methods are applicable to measurement of sodium, potassium and chloride in blood or urine with good precision, accuracy, and specificity. They can be used on mechanized or manual instruments. There appears to be minimal interferences from compounds found in normal or pathological serum or urine.","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"192 ","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12673393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Alarm plan BLUE--a concept for managing mass emergencies in emergency ambulatory care of the new Vienna general hospital]. [蓝色警报计划——新维也纳综合医院急诊门诊管理大规模紧急情况的概念]。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

T F Berr, G Meron, W Hödl, A N Laggner

引用次数: 0

Practical aspects of monitoring cardiac drugs in the blood. 监测血液中心脏药物的实用方面。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

H Wieland

引用次数: 0

Results of the multicenter evaluation of the CEDIA Theophylline assay. CEDIA茶碱测定的多中心评价结果。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

G Klein, M J Castiñeiras, W Collinsworth, A Courbe, M Delavenne, E Hänseler, D Hannak, P Kaspar, R Kattermann, A Knoke

引用次数: 0

[Extreme results in electrolyte determination]. 【电解液测定的极端结果】。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

W Vogt, B Oesterle

{"title":"[Extreme results in electrolyte determination].","authors":"W Vogt, B Oesterle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Besides statistical quality control, quality control based on patient specimens is an important tool for quality enhancement and thus for an increased diagnostic certainty in laboratory medicine. One of three possibilities of plausibility judgement is the control of extreme results, that is alert and absurd value check. The aim of our study was to look for extremely high or low findings of the most frequently examined clinical-chemical parameters, to scrutinize their validity according to clearly defined criteria and to find out the underlying actual clinical situations and diseases. In this publication only the results for the electrolytes are discussed. Retrospectively the most extreme values of all results for serum sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations of a 21-month interval were extracted in a large university hospital. The clinical situation was then evaluated by reading the medical reports of these patients. The validity of the findings was judged by previously defined criteria and rated as confirmed, questionable and not confirmed. In all cases the survival time was determined. The most extreme confirmed results were for sodium 191 and 100 mmol/l, for potassium 9.0 and 1.3 mmol/l and for chloride 138 and 65 mmol/l. All these findings were compatible with life, at least for several hours. Even if it is probably impossible to give generally valid extreme ranges. Nevertheless our results should certainly have practical importance in absurd and alert value check.","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"192 ","pages":"21-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Determination of electrolytes in serum and plasma]. [测定血清和血浆中电解质]。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

W R Külpmann

{"title":"[Determination of electrolytes in serum and plasma].","authors":"W R Külpmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In clinical chemistry two different quantities are determined for electrolytes: 1) Electrolyte concentration (total) in serum (S) e.g. S-sodium (mmol/l), S-calcium (mmol/l). 2) Electrolyte concentration (ionized) in serum water [S(W)] e.g. S(W)-sodium, ionized (mmol/kg), S(W)-calcium, ionized (mmol/kg) ad 1) For the determination of the electrolyte concentration in serum, various methods are used: Sodium, potassium: Flame atomic emission spectrometry, ion-selective electrodes after dilution of the sample, enzymatic methods; Chloride: Coulometry, absorption spectrometry after chemical reaction, enzymatic method; Calcium, magnesium: Flame atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomic emission spectrometry (calcium), absorption spectrometry after chemical reaction, enzymatic method (magnesium). A safe and unambiguous medical interpretation of sodium and chloride ion concentration in serum is not possible without knowledge of the water concentration or of the lipid and protein concentration of the individual sample. The same holds true--even though for some other reasons--for calcium concentration in whole serum. The reference intervals of the pertinent ions are valid only for samples, which are \"normal\" with respect to the size of the electrolyte-free compartment and--depending on the method--the amount of complex-binding ions. ad 2) For the determination of the concentration of the \"ionized\" or \"free\" fraction of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in serum water (or the extracellular water phase of whole blood) the following method is only applicable: Ion selective electrode without dilution of the sample. A save medical interpretation of the ionized electrolyte concentration in serum water is possible without knowledge of the water concentration of the individual sample, because these quantities are independent from the size of the electrolyte-free compartment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"192 ","pages":"37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12673392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results of the multicenter evaluation of the CEDIA cortisol assay. CEDIA皮质醇测定的多中心评价结果。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

K Horn, P Haux, R Kattermann, M Oellerich, A Knoke, R Sommer, A Weissmann, M Vockenhuber, D Clark, R H Ng

{"title":"Results of the multicenter evaluation of the CEDIA cortisol assay.","authors":"K Horn, P Haux, R Kattermann, M Oellerich, A Knoke, R Sommer, A Weissmann, M Vockenhuber, D Clark, R H Ng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper describes the multicenter evaluation of the CEDIA Cortisol test for total cortisol. The observed linearity of the test was between 1.2 and 50 micrograms/dL cortisol. The limit of detection was calculated as 1.2/dL. Imprecision studies covering the diagnostically relevant range (5-20 micrograms/dL cortisol) yielded coefficients of variation between 1.7-8.9% (within-run) and 2.7-10.5% (between-day). An interlaboratory survey using 41 human samples and three control sera demonstrated that the new CEDIA Cortisol assay has a good interlaboratory transferability. Method comparison studies between the CEDIA Cortisol test and EIA, FIA, FPIA, and various RIAs yielded an acceptable level of agreement and concordant results in most cases. Low cross-reactivity of the antibody used in the new cortisol assay was observed with precursors or metabolites of cortisol. Especially, dexamethasone did not cross-react. However, prednisolone, 6-methylprednisone, and corticosterone showed cross-reactivities. No limitation by endogenous interferences was observed. The CEDIA Cortisol assay permits the precise, fast and sufficiently specific determination of cortisol. Furthermore, it offers the advantages of a non-radioactive assay and can be performed conveniently on Boehringer Mannheim/Hitachi analyzers in combination with routine clinical chemistry.","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"191 ","pages":"80-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12678403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results of the multicenter evaluation of the CEDIA Phenytoin assay. CEDIA苯妥英测定的多中心评价结果。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

G Klein, W Collinsworth, A Courbe, X Fuentes-Arderiu, J Graham, E Hänseler, D Hannak, R Kattermann, A Knoke, P Lehmann

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic dose prediction methods. 治疗药物监测和药代动力学剂量预测方法。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

M Oellerich

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic drug monitoring for the 1990s: meeting the laboratory needs of a changing environment. 20世纪90年代的治疗药物监测:满足实验室环境变化的需要。

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01

A H Wu

引用次数: 0