Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie最新文献

{"title":"[Pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands. Histogenesis, cellular differentiation, tumor marker].","authors":"J Caselitz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"126 ","pages":"1-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14160997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cytology and cytochemistry].","authors":"E W Schwarze","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imprints of lymph nodes and tumor specimens from 442 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated cytologically and cytochemically. With the exception of hairy cell leukemia, special forms of peripheral pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma, and lymph node plasmacytoma, all types of NHL of the Kiel classification were included in this study. The investigations were performed on slides stained with Pappenheim (May-Grünwald-Giemsa) or conventional cytochemical techniques for substrate and enzyme demonstration, such as periodic acid Schiff (PAS), neutral and acid non-specific alphanaphthyl acetate esterase, and acid and alkaline phosphatase. In certain cases further techniques for substrate and enzyme demonstration, including myeloperoxidase and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, were used. We combined the cytologic and cytochemical evaluation with an attempt to diagnose the type of lymphoma on imprints without prior knowledge of the histologic findings or clinical data, in other words, blind. At the same time, we attempted to distinguish the NHL from reactive lymph node lesions, nonlymphoid malignant tumors, and systemic diseases. For this purpose, 75 cases of lymphadenitis and 33 cases of nonlymphoid neoplasia were mixed with the NHL for a blind test. In the following we will summarize the results pertaining to the NHL only. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B type (B-CLL; n = 75) was cytologically characterized by the presence of so-called prolymphocytes and paraimmunoblasts and a predominance of lymphocytes. In our opinion, there are four main variants of B-CLL: small-cell (\"mature\") CLL, a type in which prolymphocytes are plentiful (\"immature\" CLL), LP immunocytoma-like (\"basophilic\") CLL, and a type of CLL with centrocyte-like lymphocytes (\"B2-CLL\"). B-CLL had no cytochemical profile of its own. The reproducibility of the diagnosis on imprints was 80%. In prolymphocytic leukemia of B type (B-PLL; n = 1) prolymphocytes and blast cells were plentiful. In the case studied, acid phosphatase activity was moderately strong (evident as granules distributed in a semicircular fashion and focally accumulated). In the blind test we diagnosed it only descriptively as an \"acid phosphatase-rich lymphoma of low-grade malignancy with a high prolymphocyte and blast cell content\". Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of T type (T-CLL) and prolymphocytic leukemia of T type (T-PLL) could not be distinguished with certainty in sections or imprints. There was also no strict delineation between T-CLL and T-PLL in blood smears. The T-CLL and T-PLL cases we evaluated (n = 4) belonged to the so-called helper cell type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"123 ","pages":"1-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14641284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postinfectious glomerulonephritis. Subtypes, clinico-pathological correlations, and follow-up studies.","authors":"K Sorger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>APGN (WHO: diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis) has long been considered one of the best described kidney afflictions, clinically characterized by the sudden development of a nephritic syndrome after a latency period following a nasopharyngeal infection or pyoderma. Proliferation of mesangial and endothelial cells in the endocapillary space, aggregation of polymorphonuclear granulocytes in the capillary lumina, and deposition of predominantly subepithelial immune complexes on the glomerular basement membrane (so-called \"humps\") are to the present day considered characteristic of renal morphology. However, the nature of the antigen (or antigens) as well as the determining mechanisms in the pathogenesis of APGN still are unclear. Considerable disagreement also exists regarding the prognosis. An analysis of APGN is once again presented to elucidate whether the morphological picture of APGN is really as uniform as has been generally assumed. A large number of kidney biopsies was examined and subjected to the triad of light microscopy (LM), immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) and electron microscopy (EM). The findings, which were recorded at an early stage of APGN in all cases (i.e. during the first 9 weeks), were related to clinical data, age (childhood or adulthood), and etiology (e.g. streptococci, staphylococci). In addition, clinical and morphological follow-up over a period of up to 10 years in those cases, which had been carefully documented in the early stages, afforded an insight into the dynamics and the prognosis of APGN. Light microscopy of APGN showed a certain spectrum of variation even during the rather limited period of 9 weeks, due to the varying number of granulocytes and a varying degree of cell proliferation, as we could show semiquantitatively. With the triad of methods, especially by IFM and EM, three separate morphological patterns were distinguishable: the starry sky pattern, the garland pattern and the mesangial pattern. Based on clinico-pathological correlations, these patterns were shown to permit the nosological subdivision of APGN. The following features merit special emphasis: The starry sky pattern occurred most often during the first few weeks, the mesangial pattern increased in frequency after the 3rd week, and the garland pattern could occur at any time. In the starry sky and garland patterns immunoglobulins (mainly IgG) generally appeared in combination with C 3. The mesangial pattern was characterized by C 3 appearing alone. These three immunohistological patterns, which also showed transitional and combined forms, had certain characteristic features by electron microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"125 ","pages":"1-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14663870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunohistochemistry of the human mononuclear phagocytic system].","authors":"H J Radzun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monocytes and macrophages comprising the so called mononuclear phagocyte system are characterized by an astonishing diversity with respect to morphology as well as function. Lysosomal acid hydrolases, specially the unspecific acid esterase (EC 3.1.1.6) have been widely used to characterize and recognize this cell system. It was the aim of this study to further clarify the heterogeneity of the mononuclear phagocyte system using acid hydrolases and related typical intracytoplasmic structures, the lysosomes, as biochemical as well as immunological markers. The following results were obtained: 1. Human blood monocytes and their macrophage derivatives are characterized by an extraordinary isoelectric focusing pattern of the unspecific acid esterase, which could not be observed in all other normal human blood cells. 2. The monocyte specific isoelectric focusing pattern of unspecific acid esterase is also observable under neoplastic conditions: The typical pattern can be recognized in monocytic leukemias as well as in the permanent monocytic cell line U-937. 3. The isoenzymes of monocytic acid esterase as well as lysosomes of stimulated U-937 cell line are cell specific antigens: Polyclonal antisera raised against these structures recognize physiological functional forms, pathologic reaction forms, as well as neoplastic variants of the mononuclear phagocyte system applying immunohistochemistry. 4. The broad reactivity spectrum of polyclonal antibodies raised against lysosomes can be subdivided in different reactivity patterns by monoclonal antibodies. With the latter reagents it could be shown that monocytes not only differentiate in phagocytes but also in two populations of immune accessory cells thus mirroring the bipolarity of immune response as shown by T and B lymphocytes. The established biochemical as well as immunohistochemical markers open the possibility to characterize the different neoplasias originating from the mononuclear phagocyte system. Furthermore, it is hoped that the morphological as well as immunohistochemical heterogeneity is also paralleled by special functions expressed by the recognized subcohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14981071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cytogenesis and histogenesis of malignant and semimalignant bone tumors].","authors":"A Roessner,&nbsp;E Grundmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our present knowledge about bone tumors is still in need of a convincing cytohistogenetic concept that would support the adequate differentiation and classification of different tumor types. The modern therapeutic approach must rely on subtle diagnostis using preferably cyto- and histomorphologic criteria. The present study depends on a considerable number of malignant and semimalignant bone tumors which were analysed by several modern investigative methods. Based on these results, we intend to find the answers to some problems of cytogenesis and histogenesis of bone tumors. Comparison and correlation of our findings with the results of other authors is attempted with the objective to propose an overall histogenetic concept of bone tumors in consideration of the known data and hypotheses. Our material comprises 85 malignant and semimalignant bone tumors. The following tumor types are discussed on the basis of cases from our collection (numbers in brackets): \"Conventional\" highly malignant osteosarcoma (32), parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma (2), telangiectatic osteosarcoma (2), small cell osteosarcoma (1), small cell sclerosing osteosarcoma (2), histiocytic osteosarcoma (1), Ewing's sarcoma (15), \"conventional\" chondrosarcoma (7), dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (2), mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (1), giant cell tumor (12), malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone (5), fibrosarcoma of bone (3), The results of conventional light and electron microscopy, but also of enzyme histochemistry and autoradiography were included in the definitive classification by both histologic and cytologic criteria. In addition, different collagen types present in the ground substance of these tumors were studied by immunofluorescence microscopy; in anaplastic tumors of high malignancy the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton were further subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The concept resulting from these studies may be briefly summarized as follows: The stem cell of conventional, highly malignant osteosarcoma is a stromal cell of the skeletal system, which is undergoing neoplastic transformation. At first this cell fails to show any sign of collagen synthesis, the activity of alkaline phosphatase is not increased. Of a primarily anaplastic nature, this tumor cell may differentiate in several directions: in osteoblastic differentiation, the cell will produce predominantly collagen type I, and alkaline phosphatase activity will increase. During fibroblastic differentiation we observe an increased synthesis of collagen type III, but alkaline phosphatase activity is not raised.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"122 ","pages":"1-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17158758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunopathology of the oral mucosa. Oral immune system--inflammatory reactions--tumor-\"marker\"--virus identification].","authors":"T Löning","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was concerned with oral reparative and inflammatory reactions, benign epithelial proliferations and malignant lesions including their prestages. Following investigations of normal oral mucosa, biopsy and surgical specimens of diseased human oral mucosa were studied with light and electron microscopical methods. In addition, experimental models of oral wound healing and carcinogenesis were developed. Combining morphological (immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy) and biochemical (SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) techniques differentiation and function of epithelial and non-epithelial cells of the oral mucosa were investigated. Clinical pathology. 725 oral lesions were collected from the files of the Dermatological Clinic of the University of Hamburg. Among these lesions epithelial hyperplasias and neoplasias represented the most frequent alterations of the oral mucosa. The incidence of premalignant lesions (3.7%) was consistent with the percentages reported in the literature. On frozen or glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue samples the value of immunohistological and ultrastructural methods was examined with particular respect to the distinction of reactive inflammatory processes from true premalignant and malignant lesions and with special reference to the differential diagnosis of epithelial and non-epithelial tumours. Examples were given for immunological characterization of inflammatory lesions and for histogenetical typing of neoplasias. Normal oral mucosa. Biochemical and morphological investigations of keratin filaments showed that basal and suprabasal epithelia contain different keratin polypeptides related to the degree of cell differentiation. These cytoskeletal modifications were seen to be associated with cell membrane differentiations which was demonstrated by different lectin affinities to basal and suprabasal compartments of epithelium. At the epithelial-mesenchymal interfaces macromolecular substances appeared (e.g. fibronectin) which are produced by basal epithelia (e.g. laminin) and connective tissue cells leading to the formation of the basement membrane zone. Immune competent cells were seen to be regular components of normal oral mucosa. Within the epithelium Langerhans cells and T lymphocytes of the suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype were shown to be the predominant inflammatory cells. B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes of the suppressor/cytotoxic and helper/inducer phenotypes and typical macrophages represented cellular elements of the connective tissue. All these non-epithelial cells were found to contain vimentin filaments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"121 ","pages":"1-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17383788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The vascular endothelial system. Structure--function--pathology--reaction to endotoxin shock--methods of investigation.","authors":"N Freudenberg,&nbsp;K H Riese,&nbsp;M A Freudenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"120 ","pages":"1-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17908160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Functional morphology and pathology of the parathyroid glands. Secretion study using tissue culture, electron microscopy, ultrahistochemistry, immunohistochemistry, morphometry and radioimmunoassay].","authors":"M Dietel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subject of this volume provides an overview on current investigational trends in parathyroid research comprising morphology, function, and regulation of function. After describing calcium homoeostasis and disorders induced by parathyroid hypo- or hyperfunction, problems associated with surgical pathology and morphological diagnostics of parathyroid tissue from hyperparathyroid patients and of tumors with paraneoplastic PTH secretion are discussed. Experimental investigations by the author using tissue culture techniques have revealed details of structure, regulation, and secretion of PTH in human and porcine parathyroid glands drawing special attention to the secretory and morphological differences between normal and adenomatous parathyroid tissues. The combined application of methods available in morphology (electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, ultrahistochemistry, morphometry) and biochemistry (radioimmunoassay, gel-filtration) allows the direct correlation of structure and function in the organ culture system, resulting in a functional morphology and pathology of parathyroid glands. Clinical pathology of primary hyperparathyroidism. The quantitative distribution of 220 operatively obtained parathyroid tumors consisting of 90% adenomas, 8.6% hyperplasias, and 1.4% carcinomas is in agreement with published data of the literature. The intraoperative discrimination between parathyroid and non-parathyroid tissue, necessary for successful search, is a prerequisite for the adequate therapy. A summary of macroscopical criteria will be helpful in improving the intraoparative first-look diagnostics. Problems arising with rapid intraoperative frozen section diagnostics and histological discrimination between adenoma, hyperplasia, and carcinoma are described. Functional morphology and pathomorphology of the parathyroid glands Cellular distribution of PTH and calcium. The chief cells of normal parathyroid glands often cannot be distinguished from those of adenomas if only conventional light- or electron microscopy are applied. However, by using immuno- and ultrahistochemistry evidence was established that adenomatous chief cells contain less PTH than normal chief cells, and that tumor cells are in an activated state. The intracellular calcium content of tumor cells was distinctly lower than in normal parathyroid chief cells, although in primary hyperparathyroidism the extracellular calcium concentration is elevated. The increased amounts of extracellular calcium finds a correlation in the accumulation of calcium deposits in the intercellular space and at the plasmalemma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"119 ","pages":"1-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17818486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The PP cell of the endocrine pancreas. Immunocytochemistry and ultrastructure (author's transl)].","authors":"G Bommer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"118 ","pages":"1-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17190048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microangiopathic-haemolytic anaemia. Clinical-pathological and experimental results (author's transl)].","authors":"P J Klein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76795,"journal":{"name":"Veroffentlichungen aus der Pathologie","volume":"116 ","pages":"1-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18209852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}