Thymus Pub Date : 1993-06-01

J R Underwood, X F Csar, B A Veitch, M T Hearn

{"title":"Characterization of the specificity of a naturally-occurring monoclonal anti-thymocyte autoantibody derived from an unimmunized, neonatal Balb/c mouse.","authors":"J R Underwood, X F Csar, B A Veitch, M T Hearn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The immune repertoire of healthy unimmunized Balb/c mice contains a significant proportion of B lymphocytes which produce natural autoantibodies. The majority of these predominantly CD5+ B lymphocytes, secrete autoantibodies which react with conserved intracellular autoantigens such as actin, myosin and DNA. Significantly fewer autoreactive B lymphocytes produce natural autoantibodies reactive with cell surface autoantigens. In the present study, the specificity of monoclonal IgM kappa anti-thymocyte autoantibodies from hybridoma NMT-1 (NMT-1 maAbs), derived from the spleen of an unimmunized 8-day-old inbred Balb/c mouse has been examined. Anti-thymocyte NMT-1 maAbs reacted with cell surface molecules on 86-87% thymocytes from mice 1-28 days of age. Thymus-restricted expression of the identified autoantigen was demonstrated by the lack of detectable reactivity of NMT-1 maAbs to cell surface molecules of Balb/c mouse splenocytes, PBLs, lymph node, peritoneal and bone marrow cells and tissues including brain, liver and kidney. Furthermore, multiparameter flow cytometry demonstrated an association between the expression of the cell surface autoantigen identified by NMT-1 maAbs and thymocyte maturation as 94-97% of the CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes expressed the identified autoantigen which was largely absent from CD3+ thymocytes and not expressed in the peripheral immune system. Tissue distribution, flow cytometry and competition analysis indicated differences between identified T lymphocyte markers, including Thy-1, and the autoantigen identified by NMT-1 maAbs in this study. Immunoprecipitation analysis, however, revealed that NMT-1 maAbs reacted with 14.5 and 18.3 kDa Thy-1-related autoantigens within Balb/c mouse thymocyte membrane extracts, possibly unique glycosylated forms of the Thy-1 molecule.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"21 4","pages":"199-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19273505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of apoptosis in thymocytes. 胸腺细胞凋亡的调控。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-05-01

J S Cairns, M S Mainwaring, R N Cacchione, J A Walker, S A McCarthy

{"title":"Regulation of apoptosis in thymocytes.","authors":"J S Cairns, M S Mainwaring, R N Cacchione, J A Walker, S A McCarthy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is tightly regulated during the development of T lymphocytes. Several studies have indicated that in normal mice, thymocyte are sensitive to apoptosis primarily during a brief period relatively late in the CD4+8+ maturation stage, when both positive and negative selection are thought to occur. One factor regulating sensitivity to apoptosis may be the expression and signalling capacity of the TcR/CD3 complex on developing thymocytes. In the present study, we report that sensitivity to apoptosis in immature thymocytes may also be regulated by a mechanism that can prevent induction of apoptosis in many thymocytes. This protective mechanism is induced by TcR/CD3 engagement and cross-linking, as well as by agents that mimic TcR/CD3-dependent phosphoinositol bisphosphate hydrolysis and activate Ca++ fluxes and Protein Kinase C. Cyclosporin A (CsA) inhibits the protective mechanism, permitting the induction of apoptosis by TcR/CD3 or TcR/CD3-mimicking stimuli in otherwise resistant thymocytes. In contrast, mature naive T cells do not undergo apoptosis following stimulation by these agents, even in the presence of CsA, suggesting that in mature naive T-cells the apoptotic machinery itself is normally no longer inducible. We discuss the possible implications of these results for regulation of T-cell development. In this study we also demonstrate that CsA can inhibit the ability of accessory cells to trigger thymocyte apoptosis in accessory cell-dependent assays, which may explain previous reports that CsA can inhibit the induction of thymic clonal deletion in vivo.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"21 3","pages":"177-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19224781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Involvement of IL-7 in the development of gamma delta T cells in the thymus. IL-7参与胸腺γ δ T细胞的发育。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-05-01

M Tomana, S Ideyama, K Iwai, J Gyotoku, W T Germeraad, S Muramatsu, Y Katsura

{"title":"Involvement of IL-7 in the development of gamma delta T cells in the thymus.","authors":"M Tomana, S Ideyama, K Iwai, J Gyotoku, W T Germeraad, S Muramatsu, Y Katsura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of IL-7 on the growth of thymic T lymphocytes was investigated by adding recombinant IL-7 into cell suspension cultures and submersion organ cultures (SOC) of murine fetal thymuses (FT) and newborn thymuses (NBT). FT and NBT were obtained from C57BL/6 mice at day 15 of gestational age and at day 3 after birth, respectively. In both cell suspension cultures and SOC, addition of IL-7 highly improved the cell recovery. In cell suspension cultures, addition of IL-7 resulted in the growth of gamma delta T-cells from FT-cells, whereas the same cytokine promoted the growth of both alpha beta and gamma delta T-cells from NBT-cells. These results may indicate that this cytokine is able to support the proliferation of T-cells of both alpha beta and gamma delta lineages. In marked contrast, in SOC, addition of IL-7 resulted in the growth of gamma delta T-cells not only in FT but also in NBT, despite the fact that the SOC of NBT without exogenous cytokine exclusively promoted the growth of alpha beta T-cells. A similar effect was also seen when IL-2 was added to NBT-SOC, though the skewing to gamma delta lineage was not so strong as in the case of IL-7. In addition, we found that IL-7 mRNA is expressed in the day 15 FT at a much higher level than in the adult thymus. These results strongly suggested that the production of a large amount of IL-7 synthesized in the FT is one of the major factors leading to the generation of gamma delta T-cells in FT.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"21 3","pages":"141-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19226370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of T-like and B-like lymphocyte subsets in sea star Asterias rubens by monoclonal antibodies to human leukocytes. 用人白细胞单克隆抗体鉴定海星t样和b样淋巴细胞亚群。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-05-01

M Leclerc, V J Arneodo, E Legac, M Bajelan, G L Vaugier

引用次数: 0

Thymic stroma-derived T-cell inhibitory factor (TSTIF) 1. TSTIF induces inhibition of antigen-stimulated T-cell proliferation. 胸腺基质源性t细胞抑制因子(TSTIF)TSTIF诱导抑制抗原刺激的t细胞增殖。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-05-01

Y Kita, X G Tai, I Hikita, S Sogoh, Y Nishitani, S Watanabe, T Sakata, S Iwagami, H Teraoka, M Ogata

{"title":"Thymic stroma-derived T-cell inhibitory factor (TSTIF) 1. TSTIF induces inhibition of antigen-stimulated T-cell proliferation.","authors":"Y Kita, X G Tai, I Hikita, S Sogoh, Y Nishitani, S Watanabe, T Sakata, S Iwagami, H Teraoka, M Ogata","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the capacity of the MRL104.8a thymic stromal cell clone to modulate T-cell growth. The culture supernatant (SN) from the MRL104.8a stromal cell monolayer was added to cultures of Th-clones with or without T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation as provided by antigen (Ag) plus splenic antigen-presenting cells (APC). The results demonstrated that the MRL104.8a SN containing IL-7 activity induced dose-dependent proliferation of Th cells when they were not stimulated with Ag/APC. In contrast, addition of the same SN to cultures of Th cells during stimulation with Ag/APC resulted in potent dose-dependent inhibition of their proliferation. IL-7 contained in the SN was neither responsible for, nor involved in the inhibition event, because the inhibition was not observed with rIL-7 and was not neutralized by anti-IL-7 antibody. The growth inhibition of the Th clone in the presence of Ag plus APC was also induced by IL-10 or TGF-beta. However, the MRL104.8a SN-induced growth inhibition was mediated by a factor distinct from these cytokines, because (1) IL-10 cDNA was not amplified in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products derived from MRL104.8a cells; (2) TGF-beta cDNA was detected in the PCR products, but only marginal levels of TGF-beta activity in an active form were found in the MRL104.8a SN and the SN-induced inhibition was not prevented by anti-TGF-beta antibody; and (3) addition of rIL-7 to antigen-stimulated cultures containing rTGF-beta or rIL-10 induced IL-7 mediated Th proliferation, whereas the MRL104.8a SN-induced inhibition was still observed in the presence of excess rIL-7. Moreover, this factor, designated thymic stroma-derived T-cell inhibitory factor, was found to have a m.w. of 20-25 x 10(3) and to exhibit heparin-binding property. Thus, these results indicate that the MRL104.8a thymic stromal cell clone produces a potentially novel factor that induces inhibition of antigen-stimulated T-cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"21 3","pages":"159-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19224780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UV-B and the immune system. A review with special emphasis on T cell-mediated immunity. 紫外线b和免疫系统。综述，特别强调T细胞介导的免疫。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-03-01

W Goettsch, J Garssen, F R de Gruijl, H van Loveren

引用次数: 0

Strong expression of L26 antigen in epithelial cells of human neonatal thymus. An immunohistochemical study using light and electron microscopy. L26抗原在新生儿胸腺上皮细胞中的强表达。利用光学和电子显微镜进行免疫组织化学研究。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-03-01

A Masunaga, I Sugawara, H Nakamura, T Yoshitake, S Itoyama

引用次数: 0

Evidence that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is the dominant thymic peptide of the insulin superfamily. 证据表明胰岛素样生长因子2 (IGF2)是胰岛素超家族中占主导地位的胸腺肽。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-03-01

V Geenen, I Achour, F Robert, E Vandersmissen, J C Sodoyez, M P Defresne, J Boniver, P J Lefebvre, P Franchimont

引用次数: 0

Image analysis of dendritic cells in the human fetal thymus. 人胎儿胸腺树突状细胞的图像分析。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-03-01

V Gaillard, G Vivier, L Barjhoux, C Souchier, J L Touraine, N Blanc-Brunat

{"title":"Image analysis of dendritic cells in the human fetal thymus.","authors":"V Gaillard, G Vivier, L Barjhoux, C Souchier, J L Touraine, N Blanc-Brunat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution and evolution of thymic dendritic cells (DC) were studied during human ontogeny. Immunochemical techniques were used to detect S100 protein-positive cells on fetal thymus sections, at different post-fecundation (PF) ages; an image analysis of these positive cells was then carried out. Variations in the percentage of these cells in the medulla were determined according to age: the higher percentages were seen at 12 and 16 weeks PF. Dendritic cells were present at an early stage in the thymic rudiment (7 weeks PF), a finding consistent with an origin of these cells in the fetal liver, and with the possible existence of local attraction and/or maturation factors. The expression of the CD54 adhesion molecule revealed the existence of particular interactions between DC and lymphocytes in the medullary area, and at the cortico-medullar junction. Diffuse CD11a (LFA-1) expression on lymphocytes was consistent throughout gestation. The monocyte/macrophage markers (CD11b, CD14) and the reaction of non-specific esterases showed that the distribution pattern of these cells differed from the DC pattern. These ontogenic data are related to the significant role played by DC throughout the different stages of thymopoiesis.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"21 2","pages":"75-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19094211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment and characterization of B-like lymphoblastoid cell lines by long-term culture of primary explants from human myasthenic thymus. 人肌无力胸腺原代外植体长期培养b样淋巴母细胞系的建立与鉴定。

Thymus Pub Date : 1993-02-01

J T Vilquin, S Braun, P Labouret, C Tranchant, D Hartmann, Y Lombard, J Goetz, A Urlacher, J M Wihlm, J M Warter

引用次数: 0

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