American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Awareness of Warning Signs and Risk Factors of Stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Rawalpindi: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ahmed Mumtaz,  Jehanzeb Akram, Abdul Hadi Hasan, Ramsha Ali, Muhammad Salman Tariq, Alizay Tauqeer, Ayesha Basharat, Marryam Amer,  Syeda Ammara Fatima, Somia Bibi,  Tayyab Mumtaz Khan","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1342","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Stroke incidence is high all over in the world. It has a list of specific warning signs and risk factors. Awareness of people about those warning signs and risk factors is low especially in third world countries. This study aimed to identify the awareness of people about the warning signs and risk factors of stroke. \u0000Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care hospital, Rawalpindi, among one hundred for one year from June 2021 to June 2022. Ethical approval and informed consent were waived before the start of study. Patients’ selection was made via a well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Convenient sampling technique was also used for enrollment of participants. Data was collected by using a self-designed questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were put into action for the data analysis. Data analysis was carried out by SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). \u0000Findings: The warning sign of the stroke about which most of the people were aware was sudden body weakness or numbness (74%) while warning sign about which people were least aware was sudden difficulty in seeing objects by one or both eyes (29%). The most common identified risk factor in people was hypertension (70%) for stroke while least common identified risk factor was family history of stroke (36%). In short, this study indicates people awareness about the warning signs and risk factors of stroke was not up to the mark in study population. \u0000Recommendation: There is need to increase the awareness level of people about the warning signs and risk factors of the stroke. This could lead to timely and effective management of stroke and its prevention as well.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78834976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Diffusely Diseased Coronary Artery by Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Co-Registration versus Quantitative Coronary Angiography","authors":"M. E. Hasan, M. El Emary,  A A Abd El Mageed,  H Fayed, M. Maher, A. Nammour, M. Ali","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1325","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Coronary physiological assessment is now routinely applied in the catheter laboratory to guide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Currently most physiological assessment is performed in a binary manner to determine whether a vessel requires intervention. Although studies have reported the high diagnostic efficiency of physiological assessment in minimizing the number of vessels requiring treatment, it is widely recognized that interrogation of individual stenosis in the presence of tandem lesions or diffuse disease under hyperemic conditions makes PCI planning complex and less practical. The aim of this study was to perform assessment of severity of coronary lesions of a pressure guide wire with continuous instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) co-registration measurement compared coronary angiography and quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) aiming to minimize the procedure, decrease number and length of stents used. \u0000Methodology: This non randomized controlled trial was conducted at Cardiology Department, Benha University, National Heart Institute (NHI) from February 2020 to September 2022. The study included a group of 30 patients presented with diffuse coronary artery disease and undergoing elective PCI. \u0000Findings: The study found out that the distribution of risk factors among studied groups was HTN representing 54%, regarding DM 60%, concerning dyslipidemia 64% and smokers represented 57%. The median of expected length of stent using QCA assessment was 40.2 mm with standard deviation (SD) (8mm) higher than detected actually deployed by iFR co-registration. The mean length of stents used by IFR co-registration was 20.2 mm stents (SD: 11.2 mm) and P-value was 0.0000.  Also, all patients needed stent via QCA while only 86% actually need stent application via iFR co-registration assessment, leading to a fewer stents placed per patient. The difference was statistically significant p<0.0022. This study demonstrates that iFR co-registration performed under resting conditions predicted the physiological outcome of PCI with a high degree of accuracy.  Compared with QCA, iFR co-registration significantly decreased the number and length of hemodynamically significant lesions identified for revascularization. iFR co-registration should be performed under resting Recommendation: iFR co-registration should be performed under resting conditions to predict the physiological outcome of PCI with a high degree of accuracy.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77862958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Hospital Prognosis in Patients Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Role of Admission Hemoglobin Level","authors":"A. Elnagar, Neama Elmelegy, Ahmed Abdelmonaem, A. Magdy","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1319","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hemoglobin level is associated with outcomes and complications in ST segment Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients. The aim of the study is was to evaluate the correlation between admission Hemoglobin level and the incidence of in hospital complications in patients with STEMI treated with primary Percutaneous Intervention (pPCI). \u0000Methodology: This was an observational study recruiting STEMI patients at the National Heart Institute. Admission Hemoglobin level withdrawn and the patients receiving pPCI was followed up during their hospital stay for incidence of complications including new significant arrhythmias, no reflow, stroke, contrast induced nephropathy (CIN). Duration of hospital stay was used as an overall indication of incidence of complication. Patients receiving lytic therapy, parenteral antiplatelet, receiving urgent CABG were excluded from the study. Out of 173 patients presented with STEMI to the National Heart Institute in Egypt and recruited for the study, 106 patients only were included in the study. \u0000Findings: Significant correlation between admission Hemoglobin level and incidence of new significant arrhythmias, no reflow and prolonged duration of hospital stay P-value (P <0.009, P <0.000, Prob > chi2 = 0.001) respectively. There was a significant association between hemoglobin level at the time of admission in STEMI patients and incidence of in-hospital complications including different types of arrhythmias, no reflow phenomenon, and prolonged duration of hospital stay. \u0000Recommendation: All the precautions should be taken by health care providers with efficient team work to avoid no reflow in anemic and polycythemic patients presenting with STEMI in primary intervention. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76223981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Serum Level of Highly Sensitive C-reactive Protein (Hs-Crp) and Uric Acid among Adult Athletes in Aba Metropolis","authors":"V. O. Ikpeazu, J. Chikezie, L. Chigbu, S. Offiah, S. Umeh, N. Igboh","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1317","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The long-term positive effect of physical activity on the incidence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and life expectancy are well known. This has led to many stressing the importance of exercising to promote optimal health. This study is therefore aimed at evaluating the effect of physical exercise on serum level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and Uric acid among adult athletes in Aba Metropolis of Abia State. \u0000Methodology: Hundred adults were used for the study. Fifty subjects served as control and were randomly selected. The remaining fifty, twenty-five were males and twenty-five were females. Thirteen out of the twenty-five males and females exercise regularly while twelve exercises seldom. However for inclusion criteria the person had to be an athlete and for exclusion criteria, persons with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, stroke rheumatoid arthritis and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were excluded.  Blood sample was collected by venipuncture and was used to determine Highly Sensitive C-Reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and Uric Acid using Enzyme Linked Immunoassay machine and Semi automated Analyzer respectively. Data generated were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 25), One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and student t- test. Significance level for analysis was set at P-value 0.05 (P=<0.05). \u0000Findings: The result from the study revealed that regularly exercising athletes had significantly lower Hs-CRP values than the control group. Observed as well was that regularly exercising athletes had lower HsCRP values than seldom-exercising athletes. Conversely, the uric acid level of those that exercise regularly increased compared to those seldomly exercise. This study has yet added to the need and importance of exercise in order to stay in optimal health. \u0000Recommendation: People without health issue should be encouraged to exercise regularly but this should not be outside consulting their health care giver.                  ","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85960741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Malaria Parasite on Hepatic Parameters in People Living in Aba Metropolis","authors":"V. O. Ikpeazu, S. Offiah, J. Chikezie, L. Chigbu, A. Ekenjoku, V. O. Ugwa, N. Igboh","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1318","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In Nigeria, malaria continues to be a huge public health problem. Incidentally, malaria is caused by either Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. Malaria associated deaths in Metropolis area is mainly due to Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium parasite is primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito during blood meal though this can also occur through exposure to infected blood products (blood transfusion) and by congenital transmission. This study therefore aimed at investigating the effect of malaria parasite on hepatocytes by monitoring enzyme activities such as the transaminases and the excretory function of the liver (bilirubin). \u0000Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study where hundred adults participated. A total of 50 patients' samples (adults) both male and female were collected from the same geographic location and fifty were selected as control and another fifty for the test. Examination of a thick blood film stained with Giemsa was done to confirm the presence of plasmodium and its absence as control. The activities of Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and bilirubin level was determined using Redox enzymatic kit Standard methods. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using students t-test where P<0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Findings: There was a positive relationship between the enzyme activities and the level of parasitemia (P<90.05). Derangement in AST (13.30±4.48U/L), ALT (13.9±4.52U/L), TB (3.92± 1.30U/L), CB (0.56 ±0.28U/L) levels for the infected subjects were higher when compared with controls .This study has demonstrated that the invasion of the hepatocytes by the malaria parasite causes the liberation of the transaminase into the blood serum and equally, the excretory function through elevation of bilirubin of the liver was affected. \u0000Recommendation: This study recommend transaminases and bilirubin to be assessed to assist in disease detection, prompt diagnosis and intervention especially in endemic malaria area.   \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86670203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile and Reductive Enzyme Activities in Chronic Alcoholics in Aba Metropolis","authors":"V. O. Ikpeazu, S. Offiah, J. Chikezie, L. Chigbu, A. Ekenjoku, N. Chinyere, N. Igboh","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1316","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Chronic alcohol consumption predisposes individuals to several disorders, though, such effect depends on its level of concentration in the blood overtime. To ascertain the effects of alcohol on various tissues and organs of the body, the study evaluated the plasma lipids and reductive enzymes in alcoholics in Aba Metropolis. \u0000Methodology: A total of one hundred and fifty subjects comprising hundred alcoholics and fifty age marched non-alcoholics were included in the study. Subjects with chronic diseases or other health issues and subjects with intake of drugs like thiazides, beta blockers and steroids were excluded from the study while those who were regular drinkers met the inclusion criteria for the test group. Both the test group and control group resided within Aba Metropoli.  The alcoholic subjects were grouped into moderate and heavy drinkers based on the amount of alcohols consumed per week. Serum was obtained from blood collected from the subjects by venipuncture was used to determine lipid profile and the reductive enzymes. The data obtained were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 25) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significance level for the analysis was set at P-value equal to or less than 0.05 (P=<0.05). \u0000Findings: There was a significant increase in the mean levels of TC, TG, LDL, GGT and LDH in heavy drinkers’ alcoholics when compared to those who consumed alcohol moderately and non-alcoholics (control). In moderate alcoholics, there was significant increase in HDL and decrease in LDL when compared with heavy alcoholics. However, the increase in the assayed parameters in alcoholics suggest that high alcoholic beverages may induce derangement in some biochemical parameters monitored. \u0000Recommendation: The study recommend that health awareness to be carried out to inform the public and vulnerable individuals on the risk of chronic alcohol consumption which may predispose them to various health problems.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84863064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Care in Rubanda District, South Western-Uganda","authors":"Stuart Turanzomwe, Jordan Amanyire, Mathias Tumwebaze","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1302","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Globally, about 40% of pregnant women have anemia. Pregnant women are at high risk of iron and folic acid deficiency anemia due to increased nutrient requirement during pregnancy. Iron/folic acid supplementation with optimal adherence is the main cost-effective strategy for prevention of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. However, there remains poor adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnancy in many countries especially low-income countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of adherence and the factors influencing adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Rubanda District, south Western-Uganda. \u0000Methodology: A multi-Health facility based observational and descriptive cross-sectional study was done. One hundred seventy two (172) pregnant mothers attending antenatal clinic in six selected health facilities in Rubanda District were enrolled in this study from December 2021 to March 2022. The interviewer administered questionnaire was used to study the participant characteristics and logistic regression was used to identify the factors influencing adherence to iron and folic acid supplements. \u0000Findings: Majority of women were aged between 20-29 years (57.56%), married (94.77%) and unemployed (80.23%). More than half of the respondents (62.21%, 95% CI 54.89%-69.53%) had taken at least 80% of the prescribed iron and folic acid tablets. This reflected good adherence level. Factors independently influencing adherence included maternal age below 20 years (aOR 3.83, 95% CI 1.12-13.08, p-value 0.032), age between 20-29 years (aOR=4.86, 95%CI: 2.03-11.63, p value <0.001), adherence partner (aOR=2.82, 95%CI: 1.34-5.91, pvalue <0.001) and being counselled on importance of iron and folic acid tablets (aOR=4.42, 95%CI: 2.08-9.42, p-value <0.001). \u0000Recommendations: Intensive counselling during antenatal care about the importance of iron and folic acid supplements should be done on a daily basis with particular attention to women aged 30 years and above.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77473384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Coronary Roadmap for Contrast, and Radiation Time Reduction during Coronary Intervention (DRM-COR)","authors":"M. Maher, B. Zarif, A. Elgamal, Hatem Khairy, A. Magdy","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1298","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The regularly used contrast media in the angiography procedures and interventions are known to carry certain risks to the patient. This includes allergy, nephrotoxicity, and pulmonary edema. Additionally, radiation exposure is associated with high bone marrow depression, infertility, and other hazards. The purpose of the study was to compare the Dynamic Roadmap technology to the regular contrast used in coronary intervention regarding radiation exposure, fluoroscopy time, and incidence of Contrast Induced Nephropathy. \u0000Methodology: Observational prospective cohort with 2 arms where 40 patients were randomly divided into 2 arms a case and control groups. The case group had DRM technology used in their procedures where the control group received the standard contrast used in the National Heart Institute. \u0000Findings: Findings showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in age, sex, and risk profile including status of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Smoking and history of Ischemic Heart Disease. There was no difference in echocardiographic findings of both groups. There was significant difference in creatinine level at the 5th day of intervention and volume of contrast used and fluoroscopy time. DRM reduced contrast volume, reduced radiation exposure despite not reducing fluoroscopy or procedure time. This resulted in reduction of elevation in serum creatinine levels with similar success rates. \u0000Recommendations: Using the least possible contrast volume and radiation doses should always be target of the operator. Dynamic roadmap technology is recommended in all coronary interventions specially those at high risk of CIN with CKD.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84002724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing Nurses Use of Protective Devices and Challenges Faced During Healthcare Delivery in COVID-19 Units in Bamenda Municipality, Cameroon","authors":"Florence Nsuh Luti Mutsu, Aloysius Njong Mom, M. B. Atanga","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1297","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pandemic related crisis has caused enormous negative impacts on health globally and thousands of people suffered from the current COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines in the use of protective devices to mitigate the virus has become a challenge both physically and psychologically to nurses and this appears to be the main reason why contamination rate keeps increasing for nurses \u0000Purpose: This study was designed to examine nurses’ use of protective devices and challenges faced during healthcare delivery in COVID-19 unit. \u0000Methodology: This was a hospital based descriptive survey and recruited nurses using the convenience sampling technique involved in the care of patients in the COVID-19 treatment unit, in Bamenda Municipality. The study was conducted from January 2022 to February 2022. Data was obtained using a self-administered structured questionnaire analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. \u0000Findings: All the nurses admitted using at least one type of protective devices to reduce the    transmission of COVID-19 during their clinical activities. The findings revealed that personal protective devices including medical masks (96.7%), gloves (78.8%), hand sanitizer (60.5%) and eye protection (48.9%).   Challenges reported by the nurse’s included unavailability of hand sanitizer (64.4%), medical masks (60.0%), glove usability or donning (8.9%), eye protection acceptability (44.4%), gown inappropriateness (27.9%) respirator inadequacy (25.5%) and difficulties in doffing of apron (5.5%). Evidently it was concluded that nurses used protective devices during clinical activities in the COVID-19 centers although they indicated a range of challenges faced in using these devices.   \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study recommends continues compulsory training sessions be organized to enable nurses use personal protective equipment (PPE) correctly and without been limited.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83489468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the use of Rational and Quality Antibiotics in a Nigerian Tertiary Institution","authors":"I. Asogwa, I. Chiojioke-Nwauche, E. I. Otuku, O. Ekwunife","doi":"10.47672/ajhmn.1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1282","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study reviewed the use of rational and quality antibiotics at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Three objectives and three research questions were drafted for the study, respectively. \u0000Methodology: The study used a retrospective descriptive survey that lasted four months. The study relied on secondary data, which was gathered from the folders of 583 patients. From January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2019, all patients with complete information admitted to medical, surgical, and paediatric wards, as well as obstetrics and gynaecology wards, had their folders reviewed. A self-developed checklist was used to assess critical aspects of antibiotic utilisation and the use of generic names in antibiotic prescribing, a self-developed checklist was used. The data collected were collated, coded and analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, charts, and tables. \u0000Findings: The findings showed that out of the total folders (n=583) reviewed, the socio-demographic information showed that majority of the patients (42.2%) who received prescribed antibiotics were adult female. On the age category, out of the total folders (n=583) reviewed, majority of the folders (114) showed that those within the ages of 21-30 years represents over 19.0%. The antibiotics prescribed from the four (4) different departments showed that 26.7% of antibiotics were prescribed and utilized in medical wards. The level of compliance with some standard practices, shows that pneumonia test conducted, was highest in surgery ward, this represents 82.8%, the sensitivity test conducted, was highest in paediatric ward (46.4%). Out of the total antibiotics prescribed (n=1164), generic names were used for 59.6% cases, while 73.2% of the antibiotic prescribed were in the EDL authorised list. The results revealed that cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed class of antibiotics, 384 (34%) followed by the nitroimidazoles 346 (29.7%) and penicillin’s 138 (11.9%). Inappropriate antibiotic prescription was found to be 58.7% among the total prescribed antibiotics (n=1164).  Based on the results and findings in the study, it is safe to conclude that the majority of antibiotics utilised were over prescribed, with high inappropriate use. The lack of generic use in antibiotic prescriptions and the overuse of antibiotics remain a problem in tertiary hospitals across Nigeria. \u0000Recommendation: This study recommend that prescriptions should be prescribed with slips duly signed by a doctor and approved by a pharmacist before the administration of such drugs. Also, all public hospitals in Nigeria should develop local treatment guidelines using national and international policy guidelines for local infectious disease.","PeriodicalId":7672,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79936765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}