Social biology最新文献_第2页

Androgens in the demography of male life course--a review. 雄激素在男性生命历程中的作用——综述。

Social biology Pub Date : 2006-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2006.9989112

Walter Krause

{"title":"Androgens in the demography of male life course--a review.","authors":"Walter Krause","doi":"10.1080/19485565.2006.9989112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2006.9989112","url":null,"abstract":"While the basics of testosterone production, effects and metabolism have been known for decades, there has been a flow of novel insights in the genomics of testosterone action on a molecular and cellular level, as well as in the clinical effects from modern clinical trials, improving the understanding of the role of testosterone in male life course. Androgens are produced under the control of an endocrine cascade from GnRH via gonadotropins to the testicular Leydig cells. In some organs, testosterone is reduced to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone prior to the receptor binding by the 5alpha reductase. The androgen receptor gene is located on the X chromosome in the q11-12 region, each mutation in the gene will induce phenotypic manisfestations. In the first stage of the male life course, testosterone moderates the male embryonic development under the control of a complex molecular genetic network. The next important phase of male maturation is the puberty, in which testosterone levels increase and induce the development of somatic and psychological characteristics of male sexuality. In the adult male, testosterone maintains sexual functions and fertility. In aging men, testosterone levels decrease slowly. Testosterone supplementation in the aging male is able to restore the function of androgen target organs only in part.","PeriodicalId":76544,"journal":{"name":"Social biology","volume":"53 1-2","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19485565.2006.9989112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29836971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Social biology Pub Date : 2006-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2006.9989115

Benjamin Campbell, Paul Leslie, Kenneth Campbell

引用次数: 2

Men with subnormal sperm counts live shorter lives. 精子数量低于正常水平的男性寿命较短。

Social biology Pub Date : 2006-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2006.9989116

Sabine Groos, Walter Krause, Ulrich O Mueller

引用次数: 24

Hunting, social status and biological fitness. 狩猎，社会地位和生理健康。

Social biology Pub Date : 2006-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2006.9989118

Michael Gurven, Christopher von Rueden

{"title":"Hunting, social status and biological fitness.","authors":"Michael Gurven, Christopher von Rueden","doi":"10.1080/19485565.2006.9989118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2006.9989118","url":null,"abstract":"Hunting performance may be one of the most important routes to high prestige or social status among men in hunter-gatherer societies. Higher social status based on hunting performance has been linked to higher biological fitness outcomes almost everywhere this relationship has been investigated. This paper explores the proximate pathways underlying the positive correlation between hunting success and fitness, and discusses these in light of recent debates concerning the role of men in hunter-gatherer societies. Meat obtained from hunting directly provisions families and is also distributed to other group members, who may directly or indirectly pay back good hunters with meat, other food, services or favors. The display of hunting abilities may also increase men's fitness through extra-marital reproductive gains. We discuss prior results and provide a novel additional example using data collected among Tsimane horticultural-foragers of Bolivia. Despite the impression that most of the benefits that accrue to good hunters are in the form of extra-marital mating opportunities, we argue instead that most benefits may be gained within rather than outside marital unions.","PeriodicalId":76544,"journal":{"name":"Social biology","volume":"53 1-2","pages":"81-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19485565.2006.9989118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29835235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 134

Disparities in Disability Life Expectancy in US Birth Cohorts: The Influence of Sex and Race. 美国出生队列中残疾预期寿命的差异:性别和种族的影响

Social biology Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2006.9989124

Samir Soneji

引用次数: 2

The influence of early conditions on health status among elderly Puerto Ricans. 早期条件对波多黎各老年人健康状况的影响。

Social biology Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2005.9989106

Alberto Palloni, Mary McEniry, Ana Luisa Dávila, Alberto García Gurucharri

引用次数: 42

Life course pathways to adult-onset diabetes. 成人发病糖尿病的生命历程途径。

Social biology Pub Date : 2005-09-01

Latrica E Best, Mark D Hayward, Mira M Hidajat

{"title":"Life course pathways to adult-onset diabetes.","authors":"Latrica E Best, Mark D Hayward, Mira M Hidajat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Early life conditions, such as socioeconomic status (SES) and health, have the potential to set in motion multiple and reinforcing pathways that shape both the prevalence and onset of diabetes among older adults. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2002) for persons age 51 years and older, we investigated the core mediating mechanisms linking early life conditions with diabetes prevalence in 1998 and onset over a 4-year follow-up period, focusing on adult achievement processes and obesity as key mechanisms. We found that father's education is negatively associated with diabetes prevalence for older men and women. However, no markers of early life SES are directly associated with older men's and women's onset of diabetes, and the negative effects of adult SES on diabetes onset pertain only to women. Early life health affects the onset of diabetes among women--but not the prevalence--and no evidence of this association was found for men. We found no evidence that obesity is an important mechanism connecting either early life or adult SES with diabetes development in men or women. We speculate that early life SES may accelerate the development of diabetes at younger ages, and that the pathways linking life course SES, early life health, and diabetes are partly gender-specific and biological in nature.","PeriodicalId":76544,"journal":{"name":"Social biology","volume":"52 3-4","pages":"94-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26820739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Childhood predictors of late-life diabetes: the case of Mexico. 儿童时期预测晚年糖尿病的因素:墨西哥的案例。

Social biology Pub Date : 2005-09-01

Iliana V Kohler, Beth J Soldo

引用次数: 0

Childhood predictors of late‐life diabetes: The case of Mexico 儿童期晚期糖尿病的预测因素:墨西哥的案例

Social biology Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2005.9989105

I. Kohler, B. Soldo

引用次数: 30

Using anthropometric indicators for Mexicans in the United States and Mexico to understand the selection of migrants and the "Hispanic paradox". 利用美国和墨西哥墨西哥人的人体测量指标来理解移民的选择和“西班牙裔悖论”。

Social biology Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2005.9989107

Eileen M Crimmins, Beth J Soldo, Jung Ki Kim, Dawn E Alley

{"title":"Using anthropometric indicators for Mexicans in the United States and Mexico to understand the selection of migrants and the \"Hispanic paradox\".","authors":"Eileen M Crimmins, Beth J Soldo, Jung Ki Kim, Dawn E Alley","doi":"10.1080/19485565.2005.9989107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2005.9989107","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropometric measures including height provide an indication of childhood health that allows exploration of relationships between early life circumstances and adult health. Height can also be used to provide some indication of how early life health is related to selection of migrants and the Hispanic paradox in the United States. This article joins information on persons of Mexican nativity ages 50 and older in the United States collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (NHANES IV 1999-2002) with a national sample of persons of the same age living in Mexico from the Mexican Health and Aging Survey (MHAS 2001) to examine relationships between height, education, migration, and late-life health. Mexican immigrants to the United States are selected for greater height and a high school, rather than higher or lower, education. Return migrants from the United States to Mexico are shorter than those who stay. Height is related to a number of indicators of adult health. Results support a role for selection in the Hispanic paradox and demonstrate the importance of education and childhood health as determinants of late-life health in both Mexico and the United States.","PeriodicalId":76544,"journal":{"name":"Social biology","volume":"52 3-4","pages":"164-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19485565.2005.9989107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26820738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 91