Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing最新文献

{"title":"Amplitude-Frequency Characteristics of Transitions as an Indicator of Structural Condition of Lloyd Media (Example of Highways)","authors":"A. N. Tiraturyan,&nbsp;A. A. Lyapin","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925700111","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925700111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elastic half-space models are widely used in geophysics and road science. In road science, these models are most often used to study the stress-strain state of pavements, which are artificially created layered media on the surface of the soil and geological massif, the main task of which is to distribute and transfer the load from a moving vehicle and ensure the comfort and safety of the user, as well as the durability of the road. Taking into account the common properties of road pavement and geological environment, methods close to geophysical methods are becoming more and more widespread when assessing the condition of road pavements. In the article the method of harmonic analysis is applied, which is realized to calculate the main characteristics of the response of layered media to test shock loading. Calculations of the amplitude–frequency characteristic of displacements at the point of shock loading were performed, and the change of its shape depending on the elastic moduli of the half-space layers was analyzed. It was found that a decrease in the elastic modulus of intermediate layers forms a pronounced ‘plateau’ in the low-frequency response of displacements. Decrease in the elastic modulus of the upper layer of the medium leads to an increase in the amplitude of displacements as the frequency increases. An increase in the elastic modulus of the underlying half-space leads to the appearance of an inflection point localized in the region of 500 rad/s, separating the amplitude–frequency response of displacements into two sections. The obtained results can be used in the development of nondestructive testing methods for layered media, oriented on the recording and analysis of the displacement amplitude–frequency response.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"538 - 546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Predicting Failure in Carbon/Epoxy Specimens with Nol Ring Test and Acoustic EMISSION Analysis”","authors":"D. S. Manoj Abraham,&nbsp;R. Joselin,&nbsp;D. F. Jingle Jabha","doi":"10.1134/S1061830924603520","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830924603520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid growth of filament winding techniques for fabricating plastic composite structures has not been matched by advancements in testing and evaluation methods. The Naval Ordnance Laboratory (NOL) ring test has emerged as a valuable technique for assessing filament wound composites, proving useful for material comparison in research and development, as well as quality control. Internal pressure is applied to ring-shaped specimens in a manner similar to burst testing used for pressure vessels. This method allows direct observation of fracture behavior within FRP layers, which is not possible with actual pressure vessels. This paper standardizes ring fabrication and testing methods for determining ring tensile strength and demonstrates the benefits of ring burst tests. Fracture analysis of carbon/epoxy NOL rings, under both defect-free and adverse conditions, was conducted using acoustic emission (AE) measurements to understand strength degradation. A mathematical method was also created to predict the failure load of carbon/epoxy NOL rings with a reasonable margin of error. The simplicity and cost-effectiveness of this method make it a practical alternative to burst tests of pressure vessels.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"547 - 556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting Optimum Air Gap Length in Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Through-Transmission Testing of Products Made of Polymer Materials","authors":"V. K. Kachanov,&nbsp;I. V. Sokolov,&nbsp;M. A. Karavaev","doi":"10.1134/S1061830924603465","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830924603465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In air-coupled ultrasonic nondestructive testing of a number of products (biological objects, products made of chemically active or explosive materials), the amplitude of the electrical signal applied to the transmitting piezoelectric transducer is limited and, in some cases, cannot exceed a value of the order of <i>U</i> ~ 10–15 V. In this case, the sensitivity of testing is considerably reduced and therefore all possible ways should be used to increase it. First of all, piezoelectric transducers with the highest possible electroacoustic conversion coefficient should be used. In addition, it is necessary to select such an air gap length <span>({{d}_{{{text{air}}}}})</span> between the transmitting transducer and the test object that ensures the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic emission signal “at the input” of the product. Since the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the transducer is located in the near field of the transducer, it is necessary to select the value <span>({{d}_{{{text{air}}}}})</span> corresponding to the length of the near field of the transmitting transducer in air, provided that in this case there is no re-reflections of the emission signals in the air gap. In turn, this requires the use of short (broadband) ultrasonic signals and, consequently, the use of ultrasonic broadband piezoelectric transducers. \u0000The article shows that the parameters of the matching layers of the air-coupled ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer affect both the bandwidth of the transducer and the spatial characteristics of the transducer, including the position of the acoustic field maximum. It is shown that it is possible to determine the maximum of the ultrasonic broadband signal in air in order to determine the optimal length of the air gap, at which the ultrasonic signal with maximum amplitude is emitted into the product, by analyzing the correlation distribution of the field of an air-coupled broadband transducer. \u0000The results of the experiments are presented, confirming the necessity of providing the optimum length of the air gap between the air-coupled ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the test object to increase the sensitivity of through-transmission testing of simulators of products made of explosive materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"505 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Texture Filtering in Clustering of X-ray Computed Tomography Data of Products Made from Polymer Composite Materials","authors":"A. V. Shirshin,&nbsp;A. V. Fedorov,&nbsp;I. S. Zheleznyak,&nbsp;S. A. Peleshok","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925700123","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925700123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is one of the most informative methods of nondestructive testing of polymer composite materials (PCMs) and products made of them. One of the important stages of the XCT of PCM products is segmentation, the automation of which is of research interest. In the segmentation process, it is important to identify isotexture zones containing local X-ray density variations. In this paper we investigate the possibilities of three-dimensional texture filtering (Gaussian filter, Gabor filters) in clustering of X-ray computed tomography data by simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) algorithm and evaluated their efficiency in terms of parameters: the share of mismatch between the boundaries of clusters and the boundaries of segmented areas and sphericity of clusters, as well as the performance in terms of the time to partition the dataset into the required number of clusters. The results of the study show that the application of three-dimensional texture filters improves the clustering accuracy and sphericity of isotexture clusters of PCM product XCT data without any considerable increase in clustering time compared to the raw data. The maximum increase in clustering accuracy was observed when using a combination of Gaussian and Gabor filters, while clustering time increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"591 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondestructive Detection of Mechanical Damages in Apples Using Pulsed Infrared Thermography","authors":"Sen Wang,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Tao Peng,&nbsp;Chiwu Bu","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925600091","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925600091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the picking, storage, and transportation processes, collisions between fruits can cause mechanical damage and reduce the overall quality of the fruit. In order to ensure the quality of fruits, it is necessary to carry out nondestructive testing on fruits. This paper investigates a method for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of early mechanical damage in apples using pulsed infrared thermography (PIRT). Thermal excitation was applied to apples, and temperature differences were captured with an infrared camera. Fast Fourier transform, principal component analysis, and morphological algorithms were used to process and analyze the images. The experimental results show that the morphological algorithm performs better than other algorithms in defect edge detection, enabling clear identification of defect features and reducing noise interference. We provide an efficient and accurate NDE solution for mechanical damage in apples, which is significant for improving the quality of agricultural products and extending their shelf life.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"568 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography Based on Ferrite-Yoke–Helmholtz-Coil for the Inspection of Hidden Corrosion Defects in CFRP-Reinforced Steel Structures","authors":"Lina Chen,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Changhang Xu,&nbsp;Yubin Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Longbo Wang,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Linglin Chen,&nbsp;Jing Xie","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925600169","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925600169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carbon fiber reinforced polymer has been widely used in the repair and reinforcement of steel structures due to its excellent structural performance. The CFRP-reinforced steel structures are widely used in various industries. However, due to the effect of various unexpected loads, hybrid structures are prone to generate defects, which will harm structure safety. Hidden corrosion defect on the interface of CFRP and steel substrate is a typical defect type and proposes an urgent need for non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. This study investigates the possibilities of corrosion defect detection using eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT) and proposes an improved excitation coil configuration, ferrite-yoke-Helmholtz-coil, to improve the effectiveness and generality of the ECPT technology. Experiments were conducted on the CFRP-reinforced steel structure with prefabricated corrosion defects, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed excitation configuration. The influence factors of the detection effect were also studied, including the defect size, excitation current, and excitation duration. The findings demonstrate that the proposed excitation coil configuration is efficient for hidden corrosion defect detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"578 - 590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic and Magnetoacoustic Parameters for Estimating the Degree of Recrystallization and Anisotropy of a Nickel–Iron Alloy","authors":"V. N. Perov,&nbsp;L. V. Mikhailov,&nbsp;V. N. Kostin,&nbsp;A. M. Povolotskaya","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925700135","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925700135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of varying annealing temperature on magnetic and magnetoacoustic properties of cold-deformed alloy 97% Ni, 3% Fe has been investigated. The study of the microstructure of the nickel–iron alloy showed the presence of rolling texture up to annealing temperatures of approximately 500°C. With further increase of annealing temperature of the investigated alloy, as a result of recrystallization, the texture disappears and anisotropy of its magnetic and magnetoacoustic parameters decreases considerably. The sensitivities of magnetic and magnetoacoustic parameters to the rolling-induced anisotropy of the nickel–iron alloy are compared. It is shown that the differential magnetic permeability measured with the DIUS-1.21M hardware and software system is a parameter most sensitive to anisotropy.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"596 - 602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic Helical Sensor using T(0, 1), L(0, 1), and F(1, 1) Wave Modes in Through-Transmission and Pulse-Echo Techniques Simultaneously for Sensing Fluid Level","authors":"Abhishek Kumar,&nbsp;Suresh Periyannan","doi":"10.1134/S106183092560008X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106183092560008X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents an ultrasonic-guided wave technique for measuring the fluid level using a helical waveguide sensor. The torsional T(0, 1), longitudinal L(0, 1), and flexural F(1, 1) modes were propagated concurrently in the waveguide (WG) utilizing through-transmission (TT) and pulse-echo (PE) approaches. We used a stainless-steel wire to make the helical sensor, and both dead ends of the sensor were connected to the shear transducer at 45° orientations to transmit and receive all three modes using TT and PE techniques simultaneously. Experiments were performed with various fluids (glycerin, water, and petrol) to determine the level (0.5 to 100 mm). The amplitude of all three modes decreased because of wave leakage when the sensor portion (helical) was inside the liquid medium. The fluid level was measured based on the sensor’s reflection factor due to the amplitude drop of each wave mode. Multiple experiments (T1, T2, T3) were performed to ensure the sensor’s repeatability. Also, the micro-fluid level was measured at every 0.5 mm depth increment using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of F(1, 1) mode using PE and TT concepts. Finally, the F(1, 1) mode provides better level sensitivity than other wave modes. This technique can especially be used in hazardous or inaccessible regions of interest to simultaneously monitor fluid levels and temperature in oil industries and nuclear power plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"557 - 567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Acoustic Emission and Vibration Diagnostics Methods in Compression Testing of Composite Specimens","authors":"Yu. G. Matvienko,&nbsp;I. E. Vasil’ev,&nbsp;V. Yu. Fursov","doi":"10.1134/S1061830925700093","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1061830925700093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The methodology of joint application of acoustic emission diagnostics (AED), vibration-based diagnostics (VBD), and videotaping for monitoring the load-bearing capacity of polymer composite material (PCM) specimens during compression tests is considered. Test specimens cut from a composite panel were divided into five groups of two specimens each. Before the compression test, the specimens of the second group were subjected to an impact with an energy of 50 J, the third group, with 70 J, the fourth group, with 90 J, and the fifth group, with 110 J. Assessment of the state of damage of the specimens during compression was carried out using AED, VBD, and video recording. The obtained results confirmed the high efficiency of the complex application of these methods. Their joint application allowed us not only to monitor the level of bearing capacity of the specimens in the loading mode, but also to trace the sequence of mechanisms of evolution of multilayer carbon fiber-reinforced plastic fracture in compression at the stage of ultimate deformation of the material.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"517 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic Emission Location of Defects by Analytical and Tabular Methods under Static Loading of a Composite Aircraft Wing Box","authors":"L. N. Stepanova,&nbsp;I. S. Ramazanov,&nbsp;S. I. Kabanov,&nbsp;V. V. Chernova","doi":"10.1134/S106183092570010X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106183092570010X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of acoustic emission testing of an aircraft wing box made of composite material ACM 102 130 C UD. The load was changed in steps of 10% of its maximum value. Before loading, the control zones consisting of four piezoelectric acoustic emission transducers were calibrated. In order to reduce the influence of anisotropy and design features of the wing box on the errors in defect location, a new technique consisting of analytical and tabular methods was developed. In the analytical method, the coordinates of defects were calculated using three sensors of a piezoantenna, and the location error included random and systematic components. Inaccurate determination of the difference in the times of signal arrival at the sensors of the piezoantenna was the main source of the random component of the error. The complexity of the design influenced the appearance of a systematic error. At the same time, the features of the test object hampered the rectilinear propagation of sound waves. When using the tabular method, the wing box structure was divided into a number of zones and the matrix of correspondence between the difference in signal arrival times and the coordinates of the selected cells was calculated. It was shown that the number of signals localized using the tabular method is bigger than that using the analytical method. Practical application of the developed location method showed that the average value of the reduced error decreased twofold when calculating the <span>(X)</span>-coordinate and sixfold when calculating the <span>(Y)</span>-coordinate. This made it possible to reduce location errors associated with the location of the calibration points on the structure. If the location error of signals exceeded the permissible value determined by the cell size, they were excluded from further consideration as nonlocalized.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"61 5","pages":"528 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}