Quaderni di criminologia clinica最新文献

{"title":"[Casa di lavoro di Castelfranco Emilia (Modena). Case D/2. Criminal curriculum and certification of propensity to commit crimes].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"18 2","pages":"241-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12163971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Penal institutions in Porto Azzuro].","authors":"R Ciccotti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior to describing the environmental and human situation of the Porto Azzurro penal Institutions, the Author devotes a chapter to the historical part and gives an outline of the most important events that, in 1600 or thereabouts, led to the construction of the Fort S. Giacoma (where the penitentiary is presently sited), which, after a number of vicissitudes and transfers of title, was finally destined for use, in 1900, as a prison establishment. The subsequent and, in particular, the recent building re-structurations, have radically changed the penitentiary in order to make it more in line with the functions required by the present prison policy. After describing the establishment's setup, which includes many institutes, the Author passes on to consider the problems of personnel and, in particular, of the military staff. In the central chapter on intramural life, he makes an in-depth review of the methods and means of treatment, some of which are proper of this particular environment. In illustrating such convicts' activities, as working, leisure time, education, relationship with the extramural world, the Author lays stress on the always present objective: that directed at helping convicts re-enter social life. In conjunction with health services and religious services, the Author deals at length with the delicate moment of the \"audience\", viewed as a therapeutic means indispensiable for establishing a valid re-educational contribution. The discipline and discharges conclude the description of the Porto Azzurro penal Institutions, whose environment and various treatment methods in use before the implementation of the new penitentiary System, are dealt with in detail by the Author.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"18 1","pages":"93-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12203725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Statistical and dynamic analysis of crime in relation to primary dimensions in various countries].","authors":"M Krohn,&nbsp;C Wellford","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The examination of the effects of social change on crime has experienced a revival of interest in the past decade. With the increasing availability of cross-national data such analyses are being done in a comparative perspective. The current effort is designed to examine the relationship between three variables which have been shown to be empirically and theoretically pertinent to the study of social change and crime indices. Specifically, the variables of population, gross national product per capita and political orientation are regressed on the homicide rates, property crime rates and total crime rates for a number of countries. This analysis is done statically for 1965 and dynamically, for the change in the variables from 1960 to 1965. The data for the independent variables were acquired from the World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators, Second Edition. The source of the dependent variables was the International Crime Statistics published by the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol). The problems with such data are recongized and discussed. The results indicate that in the static analysis the three variables explain a substantial amount of the variance in property crime rates and total crime rates whereas they do not explain much of the variance in the homicide rate. Gross national product per capita contributes the most to the explained variance in all the analyses. A theoretical perspective combining the ideas incorporated in control theory and in environmental opportunity theory was employed to account for the results. The results of the dynamic analyses parallel those of the static analyses, with the exception of the equation employing the total crime rate at the dependent variable. The total variance explained in this equation was significantly lower than in the static analysis for the total crime rate. Durkheim's notions of the functions of crime and the expected stability in crime rates were offered as an explanation for this finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"18 1","pages":"3-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12203722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Alternative imporisonment measures in the penal legislation of the Socialist Republic of Poland].","authors":"S de Sanctis,&nbsp;F Sclafani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On April 19th, 1969 the People's Poland Parliament adopted a new penal legislation consisting of a Penal Code, a Code of Criminal Procedure and an executory Penal Code, which all came into force January 1st, 1970. The distinctive peculiarity of the above mentioned Codes, as the Authors have pointed out, is that they conform to the recent political, social and economic democratization of Poland and to the structure and dynamics of delinquency in this country. In examining the measures concerning educational rehabilitation provided for by the penal law in question, the Authors have started discussing questions like restriction on personal freedom, conditional suspension of criminal procedings, supervision of the convict who has been given the benefice of conditional suspension of the execution of sentence or of conditional release and supervision of the recidivist as well as points related to warranty and postjail care. Though these measures show some similarity to those provided for by bourgeois penal legislations, they result from a quite anthithetic ideology according to which punishment has to perform a double function of defence of working-class achievements as well as of an effective rehabilitation of the convict. A detailed analysis of the theoretical premises and of the actual carrying out of these measures shows, the Authors say, that though they represent only a further stage in the development of socio-juridical progress, they are put in conformity with the criminal policy's trends and the politico-ideological contents of a socialist government. They testify therefore an actual effort to make social rehabilitation of the convict possible in that they prevent the exertion of all negative psycho-pathogenic influences of jail environment on the convict, especially in case of slight crimes. The ultimate importance of these measures is that they can be considered an articulate attempt to promote actual social rehabilitation of the convict and therefore they are a real contribution in the resolution of delinquency which is viewed in Poland, where a process of socio-political trnasformation has been recently taking place, as part of the heritage from the past bourgeois government.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"18 1","pages":"31-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12203723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hand test as an instrument for the prediction of aggressive behavior].","authors":"M Vagaggini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hand test it's a personality projective test. It uses ten plates, nine of which represent a hand in different positions: the plates are shown one by one, successively, and the subject is asked to express his interpretation on the activity of the hand shown there. Confronted with the tenth plate, which is white, the subject, instead, must imagine a hand and tell what it is doing; The answers are recorded together with the time of reaction and any other meaningful behaviour, then the score is computed and the interpretation is made, according to the prescribed procedures. Among the different aims pursued by this test, the first one to be reached was the forecase of aggressive behaviour. The quantitative evaluation of the probability that the subject considered could, in the future, act aggressively, is provided by the acting out score. The principle, on which is based the determination of this score, is that the probability of an exterior aggressive behaviour increases in the same way as the dominant and aggressive attitudes prevail on the attitudes for social cooperation. Grouping, then, the answers which show tendencies of the two kinds and calculating the algebraical difference between the two groups, the acting out score is obtained. Generally speaking, the studies performed have confirmed the forecasting capacity of the test. The score in question has, in fact, differentiated with remarkable approximation (up to 78%) aggressive subjects from not=aggressive ones, recidivous from not recidivous, robbers from alcoholics, etc. These results have even a bigger relief when one considers that the acting out score cannot be interpreted like a mechanical and perfect index: it has to be integrated by qualitative considerations concerning the individual under examination, his environment and the answers given.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"18 1","pages":"71-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11987597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Organized and professional crime: a comparative approach].","authors":"H J Kerner,&nbsp;J A Mack","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a short preliminary statement of a terminological character, the authors review the basic features of professional and organized crime, also in relation to historically well defined aspects of it, of the \"crime-syndicate\" type. The tracts differentiating in this sector the European criminality from the North-American one are identified, and the most significant examples of criminal organization active in recent times especially in Great Britain are illustrated. The survey is carried out taking into account the quantitative and qualitative evolution of the phenomenon and probing further into the value and function that the various categories of crime operators assume in the most modern forms of organized crime. A special attention is devoted to the activities of particular importance that precede and follow the perpetration of crimes. The problem of the professional and organized crime is also viewed in the light of the difference existing in the various European countries, and of the easy access to international connections which afford to this type of crime quite a comprehensive scope of action and which involve a greater difficulty of the activities carried out by the authorities of the various countries. The authors finally emphasize the gravity of the new forms of crime that are being committed especially in the business field, and urge all those concerned in criminological problems to devote their attention to the phenomenon, delving further into the connection it has with the deviance theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"17 4","pages":"519-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12407514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Genetics and criminology: a new concept].","authors":"C R Jeffery,&nbsp;I A Jeffery","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The early history of criminology was one of interaction with genetics and biology, but since the sociological school emerged in the 1920's there has occurred a major split between sociological criminology and biology. Behavioral genetics as it has developed since 1950 has great relevance to criminology in terms of neurological and brain functioning, learning processes, violence and the XYY syndrome, and the sociopathy. A new interdisciplinary research effort must be undertaken in order to look at the interaction of genetics, human behavior, criminal law and criminology. If criminology is interested in learning, motivation, aggression and behavior, it must incorporate the new genetics into its theoretical structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"17 4","pages":"487-517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12407600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Deliquency: an alternative to melancholy].","authors":"R Rossi,&nbsp;E Di Marco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors by illustrating three cases of deviant behaviour (of which two followed up in psychotherapy), and referring to the figure of the \"criminal urged by a sense of guilt\" described by Freud, declare that criminality may represent an alternative to melancholy. They also state that the antisocial behaviour is the most economical \"solution\" for the subject possessed by the sense of guilt originated by the Super-Ego for the unconscious ambivalence conflicts towards the parental figures. In fact, perpetrating a crime the delinquent is punished for a crime whose importance is lower than those conceived by their fantasy (incest, parricide) by a tribunal that does not apply the lex talionis, unlike the Super-Ego. The authors finally point out that criminality not always represents the \"solution\" of a neurotic conflict and this is due to the fact that the \"choice\" is also dependent upon the socio-economic conditions of the various subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"17 4","pages":"547-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12407515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Contribution of the Aversa school to the birth and progress of criminal anthropology].","authors":"D Ragozzino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this historical research the author highlights the contribution made by the Aversa school in the birth and progress of criminal Anthropology. He describes in particular the scientific work of Gaspare Virgilio who with his intuitions contributed to a notable extent in the evolution of the though of Lombroso, of whom he was a friend, and also the work of his successor, Fillipo Saporito, who, in dealing with the treatment of criminals, advocated the necessity of replacing the punishment-chastisement by the punishment-treatment, thus forestalling the principles set forth in the new prison reform.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"17 4","pages":"575-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11974098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Relations between mental deficinency and infanticide for \"honoris causa\"].","authors":"B Bisio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After giving hints about the world-wide spreading of infanticide and the factors affecting it, the Author examines causes and imputability. The psychological habitual and exceptional features of the infant-murder are considered in view of the so-called \"honoris causa\". It would result that a poor mental ability, a particular mood, the fear of disgrace generally are disregarded before the fundamental ethical inferiority. The Author does not agree upon an over benevolente valuation of the many cases where the moral immaturity is determinant, according to law rules which do not make the imputability depend on the ethical evaluation of ene's action; and for mental insufficiency, the decrease in one's responsability is maintained as justifiable not on the light of au honour motive but of mental ill-health.</p>","PeriodicalId":76394,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di criminologia clinica","volume":"17 3","pages":"381-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12417608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}