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Psychopharmacology communications最新文献

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The influence of dietary iodine on lithium blood level, serum T4 and thyroid gland weight. 饲粮碘对血锂水平、血清T4和甲状腺重量的影响。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
I Sanghvi, B Shopsin, S Gershon
{"title":"The influence of dietary iodine on lithium blood level, serum T4 and thyroid gland weight.","authors":"I Sanghvi,&nbsp;B Shopsin,&nbsp;S Gershon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium is both antithyroid and goitrogenic. The relationship between lithium and iodine has been assessed in rats fed diets containing different iodine content. Chronic lithium treatment caused increase in thyroid gland weight in animals on low and high iodine diets. A reciprocal relationship surfaced between serum lithium levels and dietary iodine content. Animals on low-iodine diet had lower serum lithium levels. The data support other evidence that lithium likely inhibits organification of iodine by a Wolff-Chaikoff-like effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 4","pages":"437-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12400181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stereospecific binding of morphine to phosphatidyl serine. 吗啡与磷脂酰丝氨酸的立体特异性结合。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
L G Abood, W P Host
{"title":"Stereospecific binding of morphine to phosphatidyl serine.","authors":"L G Abood,&nbsp;W P Host","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By measuring the adsorption of 14C-morphine to a surface film at an air-water interface, it was shown that morphine binds to phosphatidyl serine in a 1:1 molar ratio. With the use of levorphanol and the inactive d-isomer, dextrorphan, it could be demonstrated that the interaction was stereospecific. A Lineweaver-Burk plot disclosed that levorphanol and morphine competitively interacted with the lipid; the Km for morphine was 1.6 X 10(-5)M and the Ki for levorphanol was 4.8 X 10(-5)M. Heroin, a stronger opiate, had a greater affinity for phosphatidyl serine than did morphine or levorphanol.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12417427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vivo protein synthesis in morphine tolerant monkey brain. 吗啡耐受猴脑内蛋白质合成。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
M A Hollinger, K F Killam, G A Deneau
{"title":"In vivo protein synthesis in morphine tolerant monkey brain.","authors":"M A Hollinger,&nbsp;K F Killam,&nbsp;G A Deneau","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most investigations dealing with brain protein synthesis in opiate tolerant animals have been restricted to rodent species (rat, mouse and rabbit). We now report data obtained from the monkey (Macaca mulatta). In vivo incorporation of [U-14C]lysine into acid-precipitable protein of various areas of normal and opiate tolerant primate brain was studied. Exposure of the animals to a 1 hour pulse of the radioactive amino acid resulted in no significant difference in the incorporation rate into protein of 16 discrete brain areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 3","pages":"319-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12003886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chlorpromazine excretion in chronically dosed primates. I. Occurrence of a previously unreported class of chlorpromazine conjugates. 长期服用氯丙嗪的灵长类动物排泄。以前未报道的一类氯丙嗪偶联物的出现。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
I S Forrest, D E Green, M T Serra, O A Soave
{"title":"Chlorpromazine excretion in chronically dosed primates. I. Occurrence of a previously unreported class of chlorpromazine conjugates.","authors":"I S Forrest,&nbsp;D E Green,&nbsp;M T Serra,&nbsp;O A Soave","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of tritiated chlorpromazine to correlate total excretion of radioactivity with characterization of the radioactive metabolites had shown a substantial discrepancy. While radioactivity was totally excreted and accounted for within three weeks, recognizable chlorpromazine metabolites represented only about two thirds of the radioactivity in any given sample. To rule out tritium exchange, 14C-labeled chlorpromazine was administered to Rhesus monkeys. The same discrepancy was observed, primarily in the conjugated drug fraction. Therefore, all unconjugated chlorpromazine metabolites were exhaustively extracted, and an alkaline hydrolysis performed. The aglycones liberated thereby were again carefully removed, and the residual aqueous fraction was subjected to an acid hydrolysis. This procedure yielded an additional group of known and unknown phenolic chlorpromazine aglycones, representing approximately one third of the radioactivity in the whole urine. Preliminary trials on urine pools of patients chronically dosed with chlorpromazine yielded essentially the same results. The structure of this new class of chlorpromazine conjugates has not yet been elucidated, nor is the ligand known at this time. A glucoside-type bond may characterize this significant class of chlorpromazine.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"51-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12004823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of various chlorpromazine derivatives on the apomorphine-elicited inhibition of synaptosomal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. 各种氯丙嗪衍生物对阿吗啡诱导的突触体酪氨酸羟化酶活性抑制的影响。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
R L Bronaugh, M Goldstein
{"title":"The effect of various chlorpromazine derivatives on the apomorphine-elicited inhibition of synaptosomal tyrosine hydroxylase activity.","authors":"R L Bronaugh,&nbsp;M Goldstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of chlorpromazine and of some metabolites of chlorpromazine on the apomorphine-elicited inhibition of synaptosomal tyrosine hydroxylase activity were investigated. Chlorpromazine, nor1-chlorpromazine and 7-hydroxychlorpromazine reverse the apomorphine-elicited inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase activity while nor1-chlorpromazine sulfoxide and nor2-chlorpromazine sulfoxide have no effect on this inhibition. 6-Hydroxychlorpromazine and promethazine also reverse the enzyme inhibition by apomorphine but are less potent than chlorpromazine or 7-hydroxychlorpromazine. These results show that chlorpromazine and its metabolites with antipsychotic activity are more effective in reversing the apomorphine-elicited inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase than those metabolites which are devoid of antipsychotic activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 2","pages":"201-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11229183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Histofluorescence in the unperfused CNS by cryostat and glyoxylic acid: a preliminary report. 低温恒温器和乙醛酸在未灌注中枢神经系统中的组织荧光:初步报告。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
S J Watson, J D Barchas
{"title":"Histofluorescence in the unperfused CNS by cryostat and glyoxylic acid: a preliminary report.","authors":"S J Watson,&nbsp;J D Barchas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper describes an adaptation of glyoxylic acid histofluorescence to cryostat sections. The technique utilizes unperfused frozen brain, cryostat sectioning, immersion in 2% glyoxylic acid solution, warm-air drying, and exposure to hot glyoxylic acid gas. Fine, well-localized catecholamine histofluorescence is produced in cells, axons, and terminals. Both the anatomical localization and pharmacological specificity of the fluorescence conform to traditional catecholamine literature. The technique has the advantage of overcoming preservation and sectioning problems associated with the Vibratome. Because unperfused brain is used, alternate sections can be prepared for a variety of anatomical demonstrations or biochemical assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 5","pages":"523-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11281526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthetic thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) administered orally to chronic schizophrenic patients. 慢性精神分裂症患者口服合成甲状腺释放激素(TRH)。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
M L Clark, A Paredes, J P Costiloe, F Wood
{"title":"Synthetic thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) administered orally to chronic schizophrenic patients.","authors":"M L Clark,&nbsp;A Paredes,&nbsp;J P Costiloe,&nbsp;F Wood","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic TRH and PL were administered orally for 3 weeks (300 mg./day), to long-term institutionalized chronic schizophrenic patients, within the framework of a double blind placebo controlled crossover study. Significant changes in physiological and laboratory parameters suggested increased thyroid activity, but significant favorable psychiatric and behavioral changes were not observed. This study does not support the idea that oral TRH could be useful treatment for long-term institutionalized chronic schizophrenic patients, who generally respond readily to major neuroleptic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 2","pages":"191-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12004824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alterations in the cellular-mediated immune responsiveness of chronic marihuana smokers. 慢性大麻吸烟者细胞介导的免疫反应的改变。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
B H Petersen, L Lemberger, J Graham, B Dalton
{"title":"Alterations in the cellular-mediated immune responsiveness of chronic marihuana smokers.","authors":"B H Petersen,&nbsp;L Lemberger,&nbsp;J Graham,&nbsp;B Dalton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic marihuana smokers and matched nonsmokers were compared with respect to several aspects of both their humoral and cellular immune system. Immunoglobulin and complement levels, SMA 12 and hematologic values from marihuana smokers did not differ significantly from those obtained from nonsmokers. However, the number of T-lymphocytes with respect to the ratio of T and B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was lowered in marihuana smokers. In addition, phytohemagglutinin stimulation of lymphocytes was apparently less effective in smokers. The polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNM) from the blood of smokers contained fewer cells capable of phagocytizing yeast cells than did PMN from nonsmokers. While marihuana smoking does appear to affect immune mechanisms at no time in these studies were any deleterious physiological effects that could be directly associated with the alterations in the immune system observed in the marihuana smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12263614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methylene reductase: responsible for the in vitro formation of formaldehyde from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. 亚甲基还原酶:负责5-甲基四氢叶酸在体外形成甲醛。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
L A Ordóñez, F Caraballo
{"title":"Methylene reductase: responsible for the in vitro formation of formaldehyde from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.","authors":"L A Ordóñez,&nbsp;F Caraballo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Formaldehyde formation from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, as well as its further reaction with beta -phenylthanolamine to form a tetrahidroisoquinoline derivative, is activated in rat crude tissue extracts by the addition of menadione to the incubation mixtures. FAD also stimulates the process in the presence of oxygen, but fails to do so in the absence of the latter compound. Together, FAD and menadione maximally stimulate the formation of formaldehyde, or of the amine derivative, under anaerobic conditions. These properties of the \"formaldehyde-forming enzyme\" correlate to those previously reported for methylene reductase and strongly suggest that both enzyme activities are identical.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 3","pages":"253-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12399033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regional distribution of norepinephrine and dopamine in brains of depressive suicides and alcoholic suicides. 去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺在抑郁症自杀者和酗酒自杀者脑内的区域分布。
Psychopharmacology communications Pub Date : 1975-01-01
S G Moses, E Robins
{"title":"Regional distribution of norepinephrine and dopamine in brains of depressive suicides and alcoholic suicides.","authors":"S G Moses,&nbsp;E Robins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Norepinephrine (NE) and Dopamine (DA) were measured in 30 brain areas of depressive suicides and alcoholic suicides and in controls who had died of natural causes, in an effort to test directly the \"catecholamine hypothesis\" of depressive illness. Levels of NE were highest in the hypothalamus, tegmentum of pons, red nucleus and mesencephalic tegmentum; lowest in centrum semi-ovale, hippocampus and cingulate gyrus. Highest values for DA were found in the putamen, head of caudate, substantia nigra, globus pallidus, red nucleus and a few areas of the hypothalamus; lowest in cerebral cortex, ventral pons and thalamus. Our data showing a slight increase in NE levels in four areas of the suicide brains is probably of little clinical importance. In no case were the NE or DA levels in the suicide brains significantly less than in the controls. Alteration of monoamine metabolism as an etiologic factor in depressive illness remains a possibility if the mechanism involves blocking of the uptake of amines into neurons or changes in membrane permeability. It is unlikely that an alteration of amine metabolism per se is involved, since four selected metabolizing enzymes previously studied showed no difference in activity and the present study shows no depletion of amines.</p>","PeriodicalId":76387,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology communications","volume":"1 3","pages":"327-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12399035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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