Agricultural Water Management最新文献

{"title":"Changes in root growth and water uptake contribute to the yield and water productivity improvement in winter wheat during the past three decades: A case study in the North China Plain","authors":"Haotian Li ,&nbsp;Na Liu ,&nbsp;Liwei Shao ,&nbsp;Xiuwei Liu ,&nbsp;Hongyong Sun ,&nbsp;Suying Chen ,&nbsp;Xiying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past three decades the yield and water productivity (WP) of winter wheat have significantly improved in the North China Plain (NCP). The contribution of root systems to these improvements should be understood to develop future strategies for breeding and field management. Continuous root sampling and soil water monitoring were conducted for a long-term irrigation experiment on winter wheat from 1992 to 2023 at the Luancheng Agroecological Experimental Station in the NCP. Three irrigation treatments were selected to represent different water supply conditions, i.e. severe water deficit (SD, no irrigation), moderate water deficit (MD, irrigation of 120–180 mm) and adequate water supply (AW, irrigation of 240–335 mm). For winter wheat, yield increased averagely by 35.0 %, 35.1 % and 42.9 % on average, and WP increased by 19.2 %, 23.2 % and 19.3 % under SD, MD and AW, respectively, from 1992–2023. Corresponding to the improvements in yield and WP, the total root length (TRL) at maturity was decreased by 6.6 %, 7.8 % and 26.2 % under SD, MD and AW, respectively. The reduction in the root length density (RLD) of the 0–40 cm soil layer was 47.4 %, which corresponded to an increase in RLD of 27.7 % in the 40–100 cm layer and 17.5 % in the 100–200 cm layer on average under the three water supply conditions. Redundant root growth in the shallow soil profile decreased without affecting soil water use in the deep soil layer: the root efficiency in water uptake (RE) continuously increased at a rate of 0.30–0.51 10⁻³ m³ km⁻¹ yr⁻¹, and the proportion of soil water depletion that contributed to crop evapotranspiration during the reproductive stage of winter wheat increased from 50.9 %–72.8 % in 1992–1999 to 61.1–78.1 % in 2010–2023 under the three water supply conditions. Optimized distribution of seasonal evapotranspiration increased biomass allocation to grains by 30.0 % for SD, 17.5 % for MD, and 27.0 % for AW from the 1992–2023, whereas the root: shoot ratio (R/S) decreased by 17.0 % for SD, 25.3 % for MD and 22.4 % for AW on average. The results suggest that reducing redundant root growth in the shallow soil profile without affecting soil water use in the deep soil profile could result in a relatively high RE combined with relatively low R/S, thereby reducing root carbohydrate consumption and improving the overall yield and WP of winter wheat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109482"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing seasonal forecast performance to predict crop irrigation requirements to support water management decision-making in the Mediterranean region","authors":"Daniel Garcia ,&nbsp;João Rolim ,&nbsp;Maria do Rosário Cameira ,&nbsp;Gilles Belaud ,&nbsp;Nicolas R. Dalezios ,&nbsp;George Karoutsos ,&nbsp;João A. Santos ,&nbsp;Paula Paredes","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irrigation water management in the Mediterranean region faces major challenges due to climate variability and changes. To address this reality, tools that support early decision-making are increasingly needed. While seasonal forecasts (SWF) have demonstrated potential to assist the agricultural sector, their practical application in irrigation management remains limited. This study evaluates the accuracy and skill of raw (non-bias-corrected) SWF in predicting weather and climatic demand conditions, crop cycle duration estimated using the growing degree day (GDD) approach and crop irrigation water requirements across the Mediterranean region, focusing on how seasonality and location factors may influence their usefulness. The Lucefecit Collective Irrigation Scheme (Portugal), the Crau irrigated area (France), and the Thessaly Plain (Greece) were selected as key irrigation locations in the Mediterranean region. Durum wheat and maize were selected as representative autumn-winter (AW) and spring-summer (SS) crops, respectively. SWF data were generated within the HubIS project (PRIMA/0006/2019) using the Weather Research and Forecasting system. The results showed that SWF performance varied by predicted variable, season, and location. Overall, the forecasts were more accurate in predicting climatic demand (ET_o) than precipitation, with mean absolute errors (MAE) of 17.0–170.3 mm and 94.8–438.6 mm, respectively. Higher irrigation demands were predicted, especially in SS, as SWF tended to overestimate ET_o (up to 20 %), underestimate seasonal accumulated precipitation (up to 90 %), underestimate temperature (up to 4.5 ºC) and extend crop cycles (up to 60 days). Irrigation requirements anomaly signals were better captured for wheat than for maize. SWF exhibited less skill than the long-term (10-years) weather observed average in almost all cases, except for AW ET_o predictions in Portugal. Nevertheless, the range of irrigation requirements (for wheat 0–489 mm and for maize 563–960 mm) suggests SWF hold potential for early irrigation water management, which could be better achieved with appropriate forecast data corrections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109467"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coupled model of water delivery and distribution regulation for single-canal pool systems","authors":"Ke Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Zhanyi Gao ,&nbsp;Haorui Chen ,&nbsp;Xinrong Zheng ,&nbsp;Yun Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coordinated operation of open canal water delivery and distribution systems is fundamental for achieving safe, reliable, efficient, timely, and economical water supply in irrigation districts. In the past, the processes of water delivery and distribution were usually loosely connected, making it difficult to achieve synergistic regulation of both. To solve this problem, this paper establishes the coupled model of canal optimal water distribution and canal control, which realizes the synergistic coupled regulation of water delivery and distribution scheduling under different water supply flow rates. The model initially allocates a water distribution scheme, and then adjusts the water distribution scheme through the hydraulic calculation for the uniform flow area and the backwater area of the canal pool. It subsequently determines the target water level and realizes the coordination and cooperation between the revised and optimized water distribution scheme and the check gate scheduling. Additionally, it scientifically formulates the regulation strategy of the delivery and distribution scheme under different scenarios. The coupled model is applied to the Bojili irrigation district. The results show that the coupled model provides the target water levels, water distribution schemes, and scheduling schemes under three kinds of water supply flow rates of large, medium, and small. It realizes the comprehensive objectives of reducing the frequency and amplitude of gate regulation, minimizing water shortage or oversupply, and the safe operation of the canal. The research results can provide diversified water distribution and regulation schemes for irrigation districts, which have strong practicability and guiding value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109475"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of California 'Hass' avocado affected by various environmental and plant factors","authors":"Aliasghar Montazar ,&nbsp;Ben Faber ,&nbsp;Dennis Corwin ,&nbsp;Alireza Pourreza ,&nbsp;Richard L. Snyder","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In California, avocados are primarily grown in southern and central parts of the state along the coast. These regions face uncertain water supplies, mandatory reductions of water use, and the rising cost of water. While efficient use of irrigation water is one of the highest conservation priorities, there is currently a lack of accurate information on crop water use and optimal irrigation strategies hindering the achievement of resource-efficient and profitable avocado production. This study aimed at acquiring relevant information on evapotranspiration and developing more precise and representative crop coefficient values for ‘Hass’ avocados under different environments and cropping systems in California. Extensive data collection was conducted at five avocado sites located in major avocado production regions over a three-year period using cutting-edge ground- and remote-sensing technologies. A combination of eddy covariance and surface renewal techniques were utilized to measure actual crop evapotranspiration (ET_{c act}), which were used to develop actual crop coefficient (K_{c act}) curves that were affected by various climate, crop canopy, slope, elevation, salinity, and soil management features. The results clearly illustrated that the water consumption of avocado orchards is affected by site-specific conditions. Across the experimental sites and study seasons, the seasonal ET_{c act} totals fell within the range of 713 mm to 1028 mm. Considerable variability was found in crop coefficient values of avocado sites, both spatially and temporally. The findings demonstrated greater K_{c act} values during the flower bud development, and flowering through fruit set growth phases than the fruit development phase, ranging from an average of 0.7–0.85 over the season at the site with the highest values. Daily mean ET_{c act} in spring and summer was 3.4- and 3.8-mm d⁻¹, respectively, whilst winter and fall had a similar daily mean ET_{c act} (2.0 mm d⁻¹) at this site. In contrast, the range of K_{c act} was 0.55–0.73 at the avocado site with the lowest values where the coastal climate reduced ET_{c act} relative to standardized reference ET_o. The information developed by this study enables farmers to determine the water needs of avocado orchards in a more reliable, usable, and affordable format, and it assists local water districts with their water delivery and conservation programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109481"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variance-based sensitivity analysis of climate variability impact on crop yield using machine learning: A case study in Jordan","authors":"Yingqiang Xu ,&nbsp;Abeer Albalawneh ,&nbsp;Maysoon Al-Zoubi ,&nbsp;Hiba Baroud","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate variability poses a significant threat to crop production in arid and semi-arid regions, where droughts are becoming more frequent and intense. This study employs a variance-based sensitivity analysis combined with machine learning to assess the impact of climate variability on crop yield in Jordan, a water-scarce country with a declining agricultural sector. Using meteorological, environmental, and demographic datasets, we predict the yields of four major crops – wheat, barley, date palm, and olive – and evaluate the relative importance of input variables, including drought indices, using the stratified first-order Sobol’ index. Machine learning models, particularly eXtreme Gradient Boosting, outperformed traditional methods, achieving out-of-sample <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> values of 0.79 for wheat, 0.92 for date palm, 0.83 for olive, and 0.48 for barley yield prediction. Our sensitivity analysis reveals that barley exhibits greater resilience to climate variability, with climate-related variables explaining only 20% of its yield variance. In contrast, wheat is highly vulnerable to prolonged, low-intensity droughts, with a long-term precipitation index accounting for 36% to its yield variance, while short-term climate variables explaining 49% of the remaining variability. Date palm and olive yields are more sensitive to short-term, high-magnitude droughts, with short-term precipitation indices explaining 35% and 44% of their variance, respectively. These findings can help inform policies that optimize water allocation, prioritize drought-resilient crops, and implement targeted strategies to enhance agricultural resilience in Jordan. By leveraging public remote sensing data and advanced sensitivity analysis methods, this approach can be adapted to other data-scarce regions to support food security and sustainable agricultural management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice cultivation can mitigate soil salinization and alkalization by modifying the macropore structure in saline–sodic paddy fields","authors":"Wei Peng ,&nbsp;Xiangming Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Qingyang Xie ,&nbsp;Mingming Wang ,&nbsp;Enhua Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice cultivation is generally accepted as one of the most effective biological strategies for reclaiming saline–sodic soils and ensuring food security; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Soil macropores play a critical role in complex physical coupling processes such as ion absorption and water/salt migration, which are closely associated with soil salinization and alkalization. This study sought to investigate the impact of rice cultivation duration on soil macropores, salinization, and alkalization. Intact soil columns (0–20 cm) sampled from saline–sodic paddy fields with different cultivation durations (1, 5, and 12 years) were scanned using industrial X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Soil pH, soil salt content (SSC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were measured. Compared with 1 year of cultivation, longer rice cultivation significantly increased macroporosity by 46.25 %–123.34 %, larger macropores (&gt; 200 μm) by 76.58 %–215.20 %, and maximum diameter pores by 30.43 %–65.22 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, macropore morphology and network parameters significantly improved with increasing cultivation duration, while soil pH, SSC, and SAR showed significant decreasing trends. Among them, SSC decreased from 5.64 g kg⁻¹ (1 year of cultivation) to 3.03 g kg⁻¹ (12 years of cultivation) [<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05]. Furthermore, the structural equation model (SEM) indicated that rice cultivation years indirectly affected saturated hydraulic conductivity (<em>K</em>_<em>s</em>) by directly affecting soil macropore parameters, which ultimately affected SAR. In addition to <em>K</em>_<em>s</em>, specific surface area (SA) and fractal dimension (FD) were key factors affecting SSC. This study provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms of salinization and alkalization in rice cultivation from a macropore-scale perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109473"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Czech farmers' perspectives on sustainable agriculture and water management: Implications for climate change adaptation","authors":"Marek Bednář ,&nbsp;Renata Pavelková ,&nbsp;Patrik Netopil ,&nbsp;Bořivoj Šarapatka","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change significantly challenges agricultural water management, requiring a shift to sustainable practices. This study examines Czech farmers' attitudes towards sustainable agriculture and water management based on a survey of 1176 farmers. We use traditional and innovative methods, such as factor analysis, ANOVA, and machine learning, to uncover patterns in the data. Additionally, we apply AI language model methods to reclassify open-ended responses, enhancing our understanding of farmers' attitudes. Results show that 98.4 % of farmers recognize the importance of water retention, and 79.2 % are willing to adopt nature-based measures. Organic farmers are more interested in water management measures than conventional farmers (p &lt; 0.01). A significant majority (91.7 %) of farmers perceive climate change as a threat. Interestingly, our findings reveal a weak but significant negative correlation (r = -0.11, p &lt; 0.05) between farm size and willingness to invest in water management measures, which contrasts with international trends where larger farms typically show greater willingness to invest. This divergence highlights the unique structural and historical context of Czech agriculture. Our innovative analytical approaches uncover complex relationships between various factors influencing farmers' attitudes, providing a nuanced view of the issue. These findings offer essential insights for developing targeted agricultural policies and strategies for climate change adaptation in the Czech Republic, highlighting the need for differentiated approaches based on farm characteristics and regional specifics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109470"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulation water and solute mass balance model for the rice growing area on the right bank of the lower Guadalquivir River valley","authors":"Blanca Cuadrado-Alarcón ,&nbsp;Luciano Mateos ,&nbsp;Sébastien Guéry ,&nbsp;Helena Gomez-Macpherson","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rice-growing region on the right riverbank of the Lower Guadalquivir Marshes in Spain is a highly productive area that spans approximately 22,500 ha and involves 13 Water Users Associations (WUAs) and independent producers. Rice cultivation in this region demands around 1000 mm of flood irrigation annually at the district level, although individual fields may receive up to four times this amount due to high surface drainage and water recirculation rates. Irrigation water is sourced from the Guadalquivir estuary, influenced by tidal dynamics, where salinity represents a critical constraint, further intensified by the region's water shortages. The aim of this study is to develop a district model to explore management options that help deal with water scarcity and salinity. A ‘bucket’ mass balance model with circulation rules and capacity constraints was employed to analyze daily water and salt balances in this rice-growing area. The interaction between irrigation units required the conceptualization of the system, done in collaboration with WUAs, and structured as a mesh layout of the distribution network, where connection nodes, consisting of drains, collect return flows from irrigation units and provide reused water for irrigation. Water mass and salt concentrations were monitored at specific points within the rice-growing area, and these measurements were compared with the model outputs.</div><div>Results showed good agreement with measured values of discharge volumes and salinity. Subsequently, two groups of alternative scenarios were simulated: the first one focused on the benefits of upscaling on-farm irrigation practices and their effectiveness in saving water, while the second group showed effectiveness for minimizing salinity-related constraints. The model resulted in a useful tool to simulate different water management practices and evaluate their impact as possible improvements in the performance of the entire district.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109453"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the risk and trigger thresholds for propagation of meteorological droughts to agricultural droughts in China based on Copula-Bayesian model","authors":"Cuiping Yang ,&nbsp;Changhong Liu ,&nbsp;Xuguang Xing ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meteorological droughts are propagated through atmospheric and hydrological cycles, ultimately triggering agricultural droughts. Accurate prediction of future meteorological to agricultural drought propagation is essential for developing early warning systems and managing agricultural water resources. However, the thresholds at which meteorological drought induce agricultural drought remains unclear. In this study, a drought propagation threshold framework based on a Copula-Bayesian model was developed to estimate the propagation time, probability, and triggering thresholds of meteorological drought to agricultural drought in China under future scenarios. The results indicated that meteorological and agricultural drought indices were projected to exhibit declining trends in the future, suggesting the intensification of drought severity across China. The drought propagation time was expected to shorten by 1.6–3 months in the future. Furthermore, the conditional probability for the propagation of meteorological droughts of varying severity to agricultural droughts was projected to increase by 10.9–26.4 %. Southern China (SC) and the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) regions emerged as high-risk regions for drought propagation, where average conditional probabilities were 57.2–65.1 % and 49.1–57.4 %, respectively. The drought propagation thresholds were projected to increase in the future, indicating heightened vulnerability of agricultural droughts to meteorological droughts. The triggering thresholds for drought in SC (−0.99 to −0.87) and YRB (−1.20 to −0.94) were relatively high, where even mild meteorological droughts would induce moderate agricultural droughts in the future. By contrast, the predicted trigger thresholds were relatively low for the Northeast China Plain (−1.92 to −1.65) and North China Plain (−1.69 to −1.50). Across China, temperature emerged as the primary driver of changes in trigger thresholds, with its relative contribution estimated to be 43.1–47.2 %. Climate warming was projected to increase the future trigger thresholds in China. The findings assist policymakers in formulating effective agricultural management strategies to address future agricultural drought risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109468"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irrigation scheduling of an almond orchard using the water balance and remote and proximal sensing","authors":"Rafael Orozco-Moran ,&nbsp;Jose A. Jimenez-Berni ,&nbsp;Elias Fereres ,&nbsp;Francisco Orgaz","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise irrigation scheduling is critical to efficient water use, particularly in high-value tree crops with limited irrigation supply. This study evaluates an irrigation scheduling methodology for almond orchards, previously studied in experimental fields, applied to a commercial almond farm (cv. Lauranne) over a four-year period and incorporating new technologies for canopy characterization and water stress assessment. Four irrigation treatments were studied: a control (F) based on the crop evapotranspiration estimated using crop coefficient derived from LiDAR, two over-irrigation treatments (SR1, SR2) with 22 % and 44 % increment of irrigation, and a deficit (D) with 30 % reduction over F. Despite increasing the amount of water by 22 % and 44 % in the over-irrigated treatments, no significant increase in yield was observed compared to the control treatment (2800 kg/ha), suggesting that F represents an optimal irrigation level. By contrast, the deficit treatment showed a cumulative yield reduction of 20 % over the four years, highlighting the impact of the reduction in water supply below that of F on cumulative yield. Advanced technologies such as LiDAR to capture canopy information and remote thermography to monitor the crop’s water status were essential to finetuning and improving irrigation scheduling decisions. This study emphasizes the need for long-term studies in established commercial orchards to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}