Agricultural Water Management最新文献

{"title":"Will new-type urbanization enhance sustainable potential of rural water resources in China? − Based on an improved water poverty framework","authors":"Wenxin Liu,&nbsp;Dequan Hao,&nbsp;Ruifan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of new-type urbanization, it is of great significance to clarify its impact on the rural water sustainability for achieving sustainable utilization of rural water resources and agricultural green production. Based on the improved water poverty framework, this study firstly evaluates and analyzes the sustainable potential of water resources in rural China. Secondly, PVAR model is used to explore the interactive response relationship between the new-type urbanization and the sustainable potential of rural water resources. Finally, the spatial Durbin model is used to clarify the spatial spillover effect and regional heterogeneity of new-type urbanization impact on the sustainable potential of rural water resources. The results show that: Firstly, During the study period, the water poverty efficiency in rural China shows a trend of fluctuation and decline, indicating that the sustainable potential of rural water resources is constantly being weaken, and the regional imbalance is prominent, with higher potential in eastern and western regions and lower potential in central and northeast regions. Secondly, The new-type urbanization level shows a steady growth trend, but there is a non-equilibrium between regions and provinces, the new-type urbanization level in most provinces still has a large room for improvement. Thirdly, There is a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between new-type urbanization and sustainable potential of rural water resources, and the two systems can develop dynamically. Finally, The new-type urbanization can significantly improve the sustainable potential of rural water resources in the local area, but has negative spillover effects on the surrounding areas. In terms of different regions, except for the central region, new-type urbanization is conducive to improving the sustainable potential of rural water resources in other regions, and it is an important driving force for promoting sustainable development of rural water resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109256"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in effects of varying compound extreme temperature and precipitation events on summer maize yield in North China","authors":"Zhongxian Liu ,&nbsp;Rangjian Qiu ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With global climate change, compound extreme weather events are occurring more frequently in many parts of the world. Air temperature and precipitation are the most important weather elements that influence maize growth and yield formation, especially under rainfed cultivation. A consensus has developed that combined temperature and precipitation stresses cause more serious damage to crops than a single stress. However, differences in the effects of varying compound extreme temperature (hot or cold) and precipitation (dry or wet) events on maize yield remain unclear. Daily observations during the period 1991–2020 from 141 meteorological stations in North China were used to identify compound hot–dry, cold–dry, hot–wet, and cold–wet events during the summer maize growing season based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized temperature index (STI). Three-dimensional joint cumulative probability distribution functions were constructed using vine copulas to assess the probability of yield loss rate (YLR) limited by different compound events. The results showed that the frequency and spatial extent of heat-related compound events in the 2010s were much higher than in previous decades, while those for compound cold-wet events were much lower. In contrast, there was no marked difference in the occurrence of cold–dry events among the different decades. Summer maize in North China has a higher probability of yield reduction with increases in temperature and precipitation stress, mainly because of increases in moderate and severe yield losses. Compared with heat or cold during the growing season, an increase in the severity of the dry or wet will lead to a more significant increase in the YLR, especially for compound cold–dry and cold–wet events. The occurrence of cold–wet and hot–dry events has a higher probability of being linked to severe yield loss than cold–dry and hot–wet events in North China. Our findings can assist decision-makers and growers in better understanding compound event occurrence characteristics and their potential effects on maize yield in North China, which is valuable for minimizing production risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109237"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of topographical and soil complexity on potato yields in irrigated fields","authors":"Michael Kehoe ,&nbsp;Adele Harding ,&nbsp;Seinfeld Joshua Pagdilao ,&nbsp;Willemijn M. Appels","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial variation of soil moisture as affected by topography and soil textural patterns is an important control on variability of yields in agricultural fields. Site-specific irrigation management could be a way of increasing water use efficiency and evening out yield variability. A better understanding of regional landscapes is required to identify which types of fields could benefit from SSIM. The causal influence of landscape characteristics on yields under irrigated conditions is poorly understood. Here, a new approach is used to infer the causal impact of topography and soil properties on yields of irrigated potatoes. The analysis comprises a four-year long dataset of potato yield, soil texture, hydrological, topographical, and meteorological variables collected from 99 sites within 19 fields in southern Alberta, Canada, from 2019 to 2022 inclusive. Using a Bayesian linear mixed model, we quantified the effect of topographical complexity (median equal −3.39 MT ha⁻¹), soil texture complexity (median equal −1.97 MT ha⁻¹), and the cases where both were true (median equal −4.47 MT ha⁻¹), on potato yields. Using the same method, we quantified the effect on initial soil water storage with medians equal to −13.1 mm (topographical complexity), 1.7 mm (soil complexity), and −6.7 mm (both). The topographical and soil complexity metrics applied could be used to identify fields that are suitable for SSIM-VRI. Findings are likely specific to the geographical and weather conditions encountered in the study area. We encourage implementation of our method in different regions to determine the generality of our results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing the extent of climate's dynamic effects on runoff and nutrient yields across short- and long-term scales","authors":"Di Chang ,&nbsp;Shuo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change affects hydrology and water quality. Quantifying climate's dynamic effects on runoff and nutrient yields is critical for advancing climate–adaptive watershed management. This study first constructed the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for a large-scale agricultural watershed in southern China, using multi–site zoning calibration approach and the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting algorithm (SUFI-2). The model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (<em>R</em>²), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (<em>NSE</em>), and Kling-Gupta efficiency (<em>KGE</em>). Then, a process-based factor-control quantification protocol was developed in SWAT model to capture how climate change drives runoff and nutrient yield variations from a physical process perspective, offering a distinct approach from empirical statistical analyses. Results indicated that multi-site zoning calibration procedure can effectively enhance hydrological modeling accuracy in large, complex watersheds as accounting for the hydrological heterogeneity within watershed. Constructed SWAT explained 71–86 % of runoff variability and 67–89 % and 77–91 % of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) yields' variations, respectively. For single–factor effects, precipitation's facilitation on runoff and nutrient yields outweighed other factors regardless of time–scale, inducing 24.2 %, 29.6 %, and 16.8 % variations of runoff, TN, and TP yields from 1990 to 2020. In contrast, temperature restrained runoff and nutrient outputs over long–term, while exhibiting considerable variability across short–term periods. For coupled effects, long–term temperature variation suppressed precipitation's promotion on runoff and TP outputs but enhanced its impact on TN outputs. Additionally, wind speed and radiation amplified precipitation's effects. Conversely, minimum and maximum temperature had the most pronounced negative combined impacts on runoff, TN, and TP yields, contributing –24.4 %, –28 %, and –21 %, respectively. Irrespective of time–scale and periods, precipitation has stronger impact on TN than TP. Moreover, TN outputs are more sensitive to comprehensive meteorological variability compared to TP. Hydrological and water quality responses to climate change varied dramatically and increase over decades. The spatial pattern of change contributions shifted across periods. The findings improved the understanding for hydrological and water quality responses to climate change in large-scale complex watershed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water use dynamics of almond and pistachio crops in the Mediterranean region amid climate change","authors":"Anshika Kandhway ,&nbsp;Fabio Scarpare ,&nbsp;Mingliang Liu ,&nbsp;Roger Nelson ,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Adam ,&nbsp;Ray G. Anderson ,&nbsp;Martha H. Conklin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Safeeq","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Almond and pistachio are socio-economically significant tree crops grown in California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV). Continuing commercial production with efficient irrigation planning under changing climate requires an extensive understanding of their biophysical interactions such as altered phenology, biomass accumulation, transpiration, and other processes. This study examines the phenology and water use (ETc) responses of almonds and pistachios under two scenarios: climate change (warming-only) and climate change with elevated atmospheric CO₂ (eCO₂), using an agrohydrological model, VIC-CropSyst. The model was calibrated and validated using observations on crop evapotranspiration. The simulated crop responses to warming-only and eCO₂ revealed compounding effects on chill accumulation, phenology, biomass accumulation, and eventually on crop water use. The active growth period from bud break to dormancy was prolonged by 10–25 days for both crops under simulated Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios compared to the baseline. The annual ETc under warming-only scenarios showed a slight increase for almonds (1 % under RCP4.5 and 3 % under RCP8.5) and a higher increase for pistachios (8 % under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) by the mid-21^st century. These increases in ETc translate to 260 (almonds) and 180 (pistachios) million m³/year of additional water for irrigation in the absence of eCO₂ effects. The eCO₂ is expected to moderately reduce irrigation demand by 35 million m³/year for almonds and increase by 140 million m³/year for pistachios over the baseline. The outcomes can guide decision-makers to anticipate potential threats and concoct adaptive strategies by managing irrigation and choosing suitable cultivars or alternate crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109219"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treated wastewater reuse for recharge in agricultural fields: Retention dynamics and geochemical modeling of macronutrients in soils","authors":"Ajit Kumar,&nbsp;Basant Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reusing treated wastewater (TWW) with high concentrations of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) in Agricultural-Based Managed Aquifer Recharge (AgMAR) presents various challenges to soils, crops, water resources, microbes, public health, and economics. This study investigates the behavior of macronutrients in agricultural soil during TWW recharge through AgMAR, focusing on the effects of mineral formation during the recharge process. Batch experiments, kinetic studies, and pH edge experiments were conducted to understand the retention behaviors of ammonium (N<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>), phosphate (P<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span>), and Potassium ion (K⁺) in soils. Visual MINTEQ was employed to evaluate the saturation indices of nutrient dissolution, equilibrium, and precipitation conditions, using macronutrient concentrations from TWW and soil mineral data as inputs. The Freundlich isotherm model provided the best fit for the experimental results for ammonium and potassium, with correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. For phosphorus, the Temkin model showed the best fit, with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Retention behaviors varied with pH: ammonium and potassium exhibited higher retention under basic conditions, while phosphate demonstrated greater retention in acidic conditions. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the retention kinetics observed in the experiments. The saturation index (SI) results revealed that manganese hydrogen phosphate (MnHPO₄) fully precipitates and calcium phosphate Ca₃(PO₄)₂ precipitates at pH levels above 8, while other nutrients remained in dissolution. This study highlights that nutrient retention from TWW effluent enhances nutrient availability for plants. However, the precipitation of certain forms, such as MnHPO₄ and Ca₃(PO₄)₂, may clog soil pores, restricting recharge pathways. These findings support the reuse of TWW as a sustainable method for supplementing agricultural nutrients and ensuring safe groundwater recharge, while also offering a safe disposal solution for wastewater treatment plants</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing estimation of winter wheat residue cover with dry and wet soil background","authors":"Yuwei Yao ,&nbsp;Hongrui Ren ,&nbsp;Yujie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimation of crop residue cover is important for energy balance in agroecosystem and sustainable development of agriculture. We evaluated the dimidiate pixel model, widely used for estimating photosynthetic vegetation cover, for non-photosynthetic vegetation (such as winter wheat residue) cover estimation. In this study, based on spectral and cover data of winter wheat residue in dry and wet soil backgrounds, the spectral curves of winter wheat residue and soil were identified, the applicability of non-photosynthetic vegetation indices in dimidiate pixel model was analyzed, and the potential of dimidiate pixel model to estimate winter wheat residue cover was explored. In dry soil background, a lignocellulose absorption trough near 2100 nm in the spectral curve of residue-soil mixed scene was observed, and the absorption trough became deeper with increasing residue cover. The normalized difference tillage index (NDTI) had the best correlation with the measured cover of winter wheat residue, and the dimidiate pixel model constructed on the basis of this index was able to accurately estimate the winter wheat residue cover (R²=0.64, RMSE=0.16, RE=26.32 %). In wet soil background, the ability of non-photosynthetic vegetation index to distinguish between winter wheat residue and soil was reduced by soil moisture. The results of this study provide effective insights into the estimation of winter wheat residue cover under different soil moisture conditions, and provide a useful reference for the study of remote sensing estimation of crop residue cover in a large region. The dimidiate pixel model using NDTI can also be used to estimate non-photosynthetic vegetation cover of natural vegetation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing cotton irrigation with distributional actor–critic reinforcement learning","authors":"Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Meiwei Lin ,&nbsp;Zhuo Yu ,&nbsp;Weihong Sun ,&nbsp;Weiguo Fu ,&nbsp;Liang He","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate predictions of irrigation’s impact on crop yield are crucial for effective decision-making. However, current research predominantly focuses on the relationship between irrigation events and soil moisture, often neglecting the physiological state of the crops themselves. This study introduces a novel intelligent irrigation approach based on distributional reinforcement learning, ensuring that the algorithm simultaneously considers weather, soil, and crop conditions to make optimal irrigation decisions for long-term benefits. To achieve this, we collected climate data from 1980 to 2024 and conducted a two-year cotton planting experiment in 2023 and 2024. We used soil and plant state indicators from 5 experimental groups with varying irrigation treatments to calibrate and validate the DSSAT model. Subsequently, we innovatively integrated a distributional reinforcement learning method—an effective machine learning technique for continuous control problems. Our algorithm focuses on 17 indicators, including crop leaf area, stem leaf count, and soil evapotranspiration, among others. Through a well-designed network structure and cumulative rewards, our approach effectively captures the relationships between irrigation events and these states. Additionally, we validated the robustness and generalizability of the model using three years of extreme weather data and two consecutive years of cross-site observations. This method surpasses previous irrigation strategies managed by standard reinforcement learning techniques (e.g., DQN). Empirical results indicate that our approach significantly outperforms traditional agronomic decision-making, enhancing cotton yield by 13.6% and improving water use efficiency per kilogram of crop by 6.7%. In 2024, our method was validated in actual field experiments, achieving the highest yield among all approaches, with a 12.9% increase compared to traditional practices. Our research provides a robust framework for intelligent cotton irrigation in the region and offers promising new directions for implementing smart agricultural decision systems across diverse areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and associations of selected agrometeorological variables in Robusta growing regions of Uganda","authors":"Ronald Ssembajwe ,&nbsp;Catherine Mulinde ,&nbsp;Saul D. Ddumba ,&nbsp;Godfrey H. Kagezi ,&nbsp;Ronald Opio ,&nbsp;Judith Kobusinge ,&nbsp;Frank Mugagga ,&nbsp;Yazidi Bamutaze ,&nbsp;Anthony Gidudu ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Arinaitwe ,&nbsp;Mihai Voda","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As climate variability increases with extremes becoming more frequent, the pressure on agriculture only intensifies. A better understanding of the dynamics of direct climate drivers of agricultural productivity is therefore sought. This study aimed to analyze the long-term and recent spatiotemporal trends and associations of selected agrometeorological variables in Robusta Coffee growing regions (RCGR) of Uganda for the period 1980–2021. We employed novel trend test and signal decomposition methods along with machine learning and correlation methods. Results show significantly increasing trends in monthly Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) in Amolatar, Kabale and Mbale while, Arua, Kituza and Masindi had decreasing trends. Additionally, significantly decreasing trends in Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) except for Masindi, Abim and Amolatar districts in Kyoga basin were observed. However, there were generally no trends in Climate Water Balance (CWB) and Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) over the study region at 5 % level of significance. BEAST results revealed significant changes in Mbale’s seasonal AET, abrupt changes in both trends and seasons of Kituza AET since 1982 with 10 % chances of occurrence, trend anomalies in Amolatar VPD since 2009. Furthermore, significantly decreasing and increasing trends in Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) and NPP respectively were observed across 70 % of the RCGR. El-Nino/Southern Oscillations accounted for only 2.5 % of the variance in PET. Strong negative and positive associations were observed between PET and NPP in the Northern sub region and Mid-Eastern stretch respectively. Therefore, urgent interventions in form of seasonal schedule restructuring and optimal irrigation use and management to increase productivity especially in areas where CWB is below 0 for over 3 months, offset the increasing VPD and as well effectively manage pest and diseases are recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grain yield and water productivity of maize under deficit irrigation and salt stress: Evidences from field experiment and literatures","authors":"Jia Gao ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Risheng Ding ,&nbsp;Shaozhong Kang ,&nbsp;Taisheng Du ,&nbsp;Ling Tong ,&nbsp;Jian Kang ,&nbsp;Wanli Xu ,&nbsp;Guangmu Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought and salt stress pose great challenges to global agriculture, yet mild deficit irrigation and salt stress have the potential to enhance water productivity (WP). However, it is not desirable to improve WP by reducing irrigation if it leads to a decrease in yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and salt stress on maize yield and WP, as well as the underlying mechanism, and to explore agronomic practices to jointly improve maize yield and WP based on literature analysis. To achieve this, we conducted a 2–year field experiment with two maize genotypes (ZD958 and XY335), involving two irrigation levels (F: full irrigation and D: deficit irrigation, 65 % ET/80 % ET) and two salt levels (S0: no salt and S1: 2 ‰). Additionally, we performed a synthesis analysis of peer–reviewed literature to assess the effects of deficit irrigation and/or salt stress on maize yield, evapotranspiration and WP. Our results showed that both deficit irrigation and salt stress increased leaf intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) and WP. Compared to the control (FS0), WP significantly increased by 11.5 % in DS0 and by 9.6 % in FS1, while decreased by 3.5 % in DS1. Furthermore, the increase in WP under single water and salt stress was attributed to the reduction in ET, while the decrease in WP under combined stress was attributed to the negative effect on grain yield. Both deficit irrigation and salt stress had adverse effects on leaf morpho–physiological traits and dry matter accumulation, with salt severely inhibiting the recovery ability after rewatering. Literature analysis showed that deficit irrigation increased WP by 10.5 %, and when coupled with agronomic practices such as controlled–release fertilizers and mulching, WP improved by 19.2 % without reducing the grain yield of maize. Deficit irrigation coupled with agronomic practices can achieve a win–win situation for both maize yield and WP. This study provides valuable insights into improving irrigation practices dealing with water shortages and salt stress in arid and semi–arid regions, further ensuring national food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 109260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}