American Journal of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

Impacts of Robotic Compliance and Bone Bending on Simulated in vivo Knee Kinematics. 机器人顺应性和骨弯曲对模拟体内膝关节运动学的影响。

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2016-01-01

Rebecca J Nesbitt, Nathaniel A Bates, Teja D Karkhanis, Grant Schaffner, Jason T Shearn

{"title":"Impacts of Robotic Compliance and Bone Bending on Simulated in vivo Knee Kinematics.","authors":"Rebecca J Nesbitt, Nathaniel A Bates, Teja D Karkhanis, Grant Schaffner, Jason T Shearn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic testing offers researchers the opportunity to quantify native tissue loads for the structures of the knee joint during activities of daily living. These loads may then be translated into design requirements for future treatments and procedures to combat the early onset of knee degeneration following an injury. However, high knee loads during testing have the potential to deflect a robotic end effector and cause inaccuracies in the applied kinematics. Furthermore, bone bending could also induce kinematic change. This study aimed to quantify the effects of robotic compliance and bone bending on the accuracy of simulated in vivo kinematics in a KUKA KRC210 serial robotic system. Six (6) human cadaver knees were subjected to cyclic human gait motion while 6 DOF forces and torques were recorded at the joint. A Vicon T-Series camera system was used to independently record the applied kinematics. Periods of highest kinematic deviation occurred during instances of low joint loading, suggesting negligible levels of forced deflection for simulations of moderate levels of activity while results of this small study indicate that high physiologic loading poses low risk of deviation from target kinematics, further testing is necessary to confirm.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5565227/pdf/nihms884620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35345341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Measurement-Quality Body-Worn Physiological Monitor for Use in Harsh Environments 一种用于恶劣环境的测量质量的穿戴式生理监测仪

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2014-08-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.ajbe.20140404.03

Daniel J. Schwab, Clifton R. Haider, Christopher L. Felton, Erik S. Daniel, Orhun H. Kantarci, Barry K. Gilbert

引用次数: 1

Cardiovascular Modifications and Stratification of the Arrhythmic Risk in Young and Master Athletes 年轻和高级运动员心律失常风险的心血管改变和分层

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20140403.02

R. Pizzi, S. Siccardi, C. Pedrinazzi, O. Durin, G. Inama

{"title":"Cardiovascular Modifications and Stratification of the Arrhythmic Risk in Young and Master Athletes","authors":"R. Pizzi, S. Siccardi, C. Pedrinazzi, O. Durin, G. Inama","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20140403.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20140403.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to evaluate the cardiovascular response to exercise in young and master athletes. The study involves comparison with control groups of untrained subjects of the same age. The paper describes in particular the processing methods and results concerning the ECG signals collected during exercise test. Methods include PNN calculation, Multiscale Entropy analysis (MSE), and a comparison between clustering and an Artificial Neural Network analysis performed by means of chaotic attractors. The analyses carried out lead to a good stratification of the subjects, especially in terms of the MSE1 variable. Future developments are underway supported by many other diagnostic tests administered to the same subjects. The project aims to evaluate the cardiovascular response to exercise in young and master athletes. The study involves comparison with control groups of untrained subjects of the same age. The complete surveys provided during the study have been: 12-lead resting ECG, cardiopulmonary exercise test, venipuncture with doses of various parameters, echocardiogram, ambulatory ECG, T-wave alternans (TWA). This paper describes in particular the processing methods and results concerning the ECG signals collected during exercise test. The presence of cardiac remodeling in elite athletes is a concept known ever since the last decade of XIX century, when the percussion techniques of the cardiac area allowed to identify an increase in the volume of the heart in subjects who practiced competitive sport. Later, the introduction into clinical practice of echocardiographic techniques has allowed us to better understand cardiac physiology of the athletes and the impact that different modes of sport and exercise training on cardiac structure and function, allowing to characterize in detail the framework of the \"athlete heart \". In addition, modern methods of non-invasive and invasive electrophysiology contribute to deepen the possible correlation between the type and intensity of athletic","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":"60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90524268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Network Dynamics and Spontaneous Oscillations in a Developing Neuronal Culture 发育中的神经元培养中的网络动力学和自发振荡

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20140401.03

J. Savarraj, A. Chiu

{"title":"Network Dynamics and Spontaneous Oscillations in a Developing Neuronal Culture","authors":"J. Savarraj, A. Chiu","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20140401.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20140401.03","url":null,"abstract":"Biological neuronal networks are highly complex and studying such networks is important to understand its functionality. Neuronal networks are dynamic especially during the developmental stages of the brain where new neurons and synapses form and will continue through the lifespan of an organism. Developing networks in in vitro often self-organize into functional networks that produce spontaneously synchronizing oscillations even in the absence of external stimuli. The nature of network dynamics and its relationship to spontaneous oscillations and synchrony is not well-known. In this study this relationship is investigated. Neurons from newborn rat cortices were extracted and cultured over transparent microelectrode arrays. Neurons and neurite extensions were traced by imaging the culture at different stages of development. The anatomical connectivity was mathematically abstracted as a simple undirected graph. Simultaneously, multisite basal activities were recorded using microelectrodes and analyzed for the degree of synchrony. The networks were found to be neither random nor completely organized, but rather semi-random (also known as small-world networks). Spontaneous oscillations were observed once neurons began to form local connections. The network exhibited global synchronous oscillations when small-world network properties began to emerge. Our results indicate that the ability of networks to self-organize into a small-world network correlates with origin of sustained synchronous activity.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81641081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of the Effects of a Moderate Intensity Static Magnetic Field Application on Human Osteoblast-Like Cells 中等强度静磁场对人成骨细胞样细胞影响的评价

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.05

C. Cunha, S. Panseri, M. Marcacci, A. Tampieri

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effects of a Moderate Intensity Static Magnetic Field Application on Human Osteoblast-Like Cells","authors":"C. Cunha, S. Panseri, M. Marcacci, A. Tampieri","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.05","url":null,"abstract":"There is a general interest in the effects of magnetic fields on human tissue, for bio medical imaging, cancer therapy or tissue engineering applications. In particular the orthopaedic field may greatly benefit fro m magnetic scaffolds, magnetic fixation and magnetic delivery techniques. In this study, MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were analysed in vitro after exposure to a 320mT static magnetic field (SMF), either continuously or applied fo r 1h at any 24-hour interval. Results demonstrate that SMF causes a reduction in cell nu mber after 7 days of exposure, as demonstrated by the MTT assay. This reduction in proliferation is not associated to an increase in Lactate Dehydrogenase production, a marker of cellu lar stress and/or disruption of memb rane integrity. Osteocalcin secretion increased at day 3 for the condition 1h/day exposure and this effect was reversed after 7 days. Instead, the continuous application of a SM F resulted in a significantly decreased osteocalcin release at day 7. Cell distribution, morphology and cytoskeleton organization were unaltered, with the typical osteoblastic morphology maintained and normal distribution of cytoplasmic actin fibrils, as demonstrated by phalloidin staining. Gene expression analysis of COL1A1, A LPL and RUNX2 show no alterations respect to control. These results suggest that such a moderate intensity static magnetic field has a detrimental effect on cell proliferation and osteocalcin secretion, while maintaining morphological features and gene expression unaltered. The in vitro effects of magnetic fields depend on cell type, magnetic field intensity and modality of applicat ion. Th is study gives a contribution to understand moderate strength static magnetic field effects on human tissue, with particular importance for the orthopaedic field.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"65 1","pages":"263-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80603369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

The mechanical properties of a porous ceramic derived from a 30 nm sized particle based powder of hydroxyapatite for potential hard tissue engineering applications 由30纳米大小的羟基磷灰石颗粒基粉末制备的多孔陶瓷的机械性能，用于潜在的硬组织工程应用

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.07

G. Poinern, R. Brundavanam, X. Le, D. Fawcett

引用次数: 25

A Mathematical Model of Suicidal-Intent-Estimation in Adults 成人自杀倾向估计的数学模型

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.04

S. Chattopadhyay

{"title":"A Mathematical Model of Suicidal-Intent-Estimation in Adults","authors":"S. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.04","url":null,"abstract":"Retrospective assessment of suicidal intent is important to prevent future attempts. The objective of the study is to mathematically model the method of suicidal intent estimation. Real-life data of 200 suicide attempters has been collected according to Beck’s suicide intent scale (BSIS), which is composed of three constructs and 20 indicators to assess the suicidal intent as ‘low’, ‘medium’ or ‘high’. Each indicator possesses three preconditions for intent scoring. For conventional scoring first 15 indicators are used. The collected data has been analysed to note its distribution, reliability and mining significant indicators. Three Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Net (MLFFNN) classifiers have been developed. MLFFNN-1 is developed with first fifteen indicators to mimic the conventional way of scoring. MLFFNN-2 has been designed with all twenty indicators to note whether the network could better classify with more information. Significant (or quality) indicators, obtained through Multiple Linear Regressions and the Principal component analysis (PCA) are finally used to construct the MLFFNN-3. It is to see whether high quality information better influence the classification task. Performances of the neural nets are then compared and validated with the scorings performed by a group of psychiatrists (who are the human experts) and the regressions analysis. The paper observes that MLFFNNs have outperformed the human experts and regressions in terms of both speed and accuracy. MLFFNN-1 is found to be the best of the lot. It concludes that BSIS could efficiently be mapped onto neural networks.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"55 1","pages":"251-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73997494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Development of a New Device Implementing Standardized Closed Fracture in the Rat 大鼠标准化闭合性骨折新装置的研制

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.09

N. Rozen, G. Rubin, L. Alexander, LewinsonDina

{"title":"Development of a New Device Implementing Standardized Closed Fracture in the Rat","authors":"N. Rozen, G. Rubin, L. Alexander, LewinsonDina","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.09","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to produce a user-friendly device for creating standardized close fracture in an experimental animal. We describe a device that takes advantage of the elastic and plastic nature of the bone for producing a closed fracture with reproducible location and structure. Fractures were p roduced by a pendulum-like device applying an external blo w directly over the tibiae of female Wistar rats fixed to a platform by dynamic holders. The tibiae were immed iately stabilized by plaster fixation that was covered by dental wa x. Rad iographically, this method resulted in a highly reproducible bi -cortical transverse fracture. M inimal soft tissue damage was noticed around the fracture site. Creatine phosphokinase activity in the seru m and in the gastrocnemius muscle of the posterior calf compart ment was analy zed in order to evaluate the standardization of the soft tissue damage. The device is simp le to build and can be modulated and adapted to different sizes of animals. By using this device, a highly reproducible closed fracture system can be imp lemented with minimal damage to local soft tissues, but still with the local hematoma that is essential for the fracture healing process.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"293-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91434806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Common Pesticide Rotenone Interference with Neuronal Transmission in Hippocampus 常见农药鱼藤酮对海马神经元传递的干扰

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.01

Fatih Akkentli, Y. P. Tan, H. Saybaşılı

{"title":"Common Pesticide Rotenone Interference with Neuronal Transmission in Hippocampus","authors":"Fatih Akkentli, Y. P. Tan, H. Saybaşılı","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.01","url":null,"abstract":"Rotenone is a pesticide and piscicide, wh ich causes behavioral and biochemical changes in rats that closely resemble PD sympto ms in hu mans. Rotenone is a naturally occurring ret inoid plant ext ract derived fro m the roots of certain tropical and subtropical legu me p lants and interferes with energy p roduction in the cell. Rotenone is highly lipophilic, so it can easily cross the blood brain barrier and cellular memb rane for intracellular entry.It is known that this pesticide causes superoxide release and results in decreased energy production by inhibiting electron transport chain of mitochondria fro m NADH ubiquinone reductaseand may lead to neuronal death. The object of the current research is to investigate the effect of rotenone on synaptic transmission in h ippocampus, especially on glutamatergic transmission for a b rief exposure time. For this purpose, hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal neuronal response upon low frequency stimulation of Schaffer collateral (0.1 Hz) was recorded by the patch clamp tight-seal whole cell recording technique. Different rotenone concentrations were tested on total glutamate current; it was observed that the rotenone effect on the amplitude of glutamatergic currents is dependent on its concentration. To eliminate the rotenone induced cytoplasmic effects, ATP was excluded fro m the intracellular solution in experiments. Our experimental results show that the drug acutely and dose-dependently attenuates the currents that are med iated by glutamate, v ia a direct effect on cell membrane g lutamate receptors.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"280 1","pages":"212-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80132445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Electromyography as an Important Parameter for a Proper Assessment of Dynamic Muscles Strength in Gait Analysis 肌电图是步态分析中正确评估动态肌肉力量的重要参数

American Journal of Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2013-01-07 DOI: 10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.06

E. Ravera, P. Catalfamo, M. Crespo, A. Braidot

{"title":"Electromyography as an Important Parameter for a Proper Assessment of Dynamic Muscles Strength in Gait Analysis","authors":"E. Ravera, P. Catalfamo, M. Crespo, A. Braidot","doi":"10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.AJBE.20120206.06","url":null,"abstract":"Normal gait is a functional movement involving the most efficient energy transfer. Cerebral Palsy describes a group of developmental d isorders of movement and posture causing activity restriction or d isability. It represents one of the most common cause of physical disability in ch ildren. Gait analysis provides great contributions to the understanding of gait disorders originating fro m musculoskeletal abnormalit ies. In these patients provides a mean for a mo re co mprehensive treatment plan. At this point, the potential and necessity of using correct biomechanical models that consistently study the abnormalities beco me clear. Reinforcing and correcting a simp le gait analysis and eliminating the unknowns when selecting the appropriate treatment are crucial in clin ical settings. In this paper a musculoskeletal th igh model with a simple rescaling method using subject-specific anthropometric data is presented. The thigh model estimates muscle forces of the six muscles through the walking based in static optimization without including electromyography data as input. We used the model proposed for identify the muscles strength involved in normal and pathological gait. The forces obtaining for normal subjects achieved high concordance with their electro myography data and outcomes to other musculoskeletal model recently presented. In other hand, in patients with cerebral palsy with crouch gait the outcomes of our musculoskeletal model don't show a correct concordance with their electro myography data. For this reason we get on the conclusion that take electro myography data became important in modeling a pathological gait as crouch gait.","PeriodicalId":7620,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"108 1","pages":"269-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79395651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6