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[Sigmund Freud and the origin of countertransference's concept]. 西格蒙德·弗洛伊德和反移情概念的起源。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Alberto Stefana
{"title":"[Sigmund Freud and the origin of countertransference's concept].","authors":"Alberto Stefana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to contextualize and analyze historically the birth and early development of the concept of countertransference, introduce by Freud in 1909. In order to do so, will be considered scientific publications, the epistolary and the historical information about the personal relationship between Freud and his students, and among them and some of their patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"943-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34089071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Falsehood on the move. The Aztec children and science in the second half of the 19th century. 谎言在移动。19世纪下半叶的阿兹特克儿童与科学。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Irina Podgorny
{"title":"Falsehood on the move. The Aztec children and science in the second half of the 19th century.","authors":"Irina Podgorny","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allegedly kidnapped from a secret city in Central America, the \"Aztec children\" began a showman's career in the early-1850s. They died around 1900, after being observed by countless pathologists and ethnologists from Europe and the US. Most of the literature on the \"Aztec children\" has emphasized racial theories, the imperial gaze, and the character of \"ethnological shows\", where monstrosity and ethnicity were practically synonymous. Less attention has been paid to the fact that scientists continuously insisted that the case was false, an argument that instead of debunking the myth of the \"Aztec children\", contributed to establishing the \"Aztecs\" as \"a matter of fact\". In examining the case of the \"Aztec children\", this essay aims to explore what can be called the shifting nature or elusiveness of falsehood.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"223-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33072894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abnormal appearances: inspection, display and the clinic. 异常表现:检查、展示及门诊。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Katie Featherstone, Paul Atkinson
{"title":"Abnormal appearances: inspection, display and the clinic.","authors":"Katie Featherstone,&nbsp;Paul Atkinson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We provide an examination of the field of dysmorphology, a clinical speciality that in its current form combines a long history of inspection and display with the identification and representation of associated underlying molecular changes. The recognition and description of abnormal appearances is thus increasingly accompanied by genetic and other molecular investigations. Our analysis draws on our long-term ethnographic engagement with a UK clinical genetics service and the work of two clinical genetics teams within a regional teaching hospital. We document the intersection of genetic science with clinical work to suggest that while molecular testing often identifies the genetic basis for unusual appearances and abnormal development, it does not fully supplant clinical apperception and interpretation. The two modes of knowledge--the clinical and the biomedical--co-exist in the work and the discourse of dysmorphology practice. The contemporary dysmorphology clinic thus encapsulates the epistemological systems of modern medicine, grounded in the clinical gaze and on the classificatory systems of classic nosology. Within such a system of clinical knowledge, the 'monstrous' does not escape the boundaries of knowledge. Monstrous appearances are accommodated and domesticated within the classificatory systems of normal medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"333-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33072899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[MAZZARELLO P., The herb of the queen. The story of a miraculous decoction. Turin, Bollati Boringhieri, 2013]. 女王的草药。神奇汤剂的故事。[j].中国科学院学报，2013。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Valentina Gazzaniga
{"title":"[MAZZARELLO P., The herb of the queen. The story of a miraculous decoction. Turin, Bollati Boringhieri, 2013].","authors":"Valentina Gazzaniga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"666-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33368924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Penicillin and the reconstruction of Japan. 青霉素和日本的重建。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Daniele Cozzoli
{"title":"Penicillin and the reconstruction of Japan.","authors":"Daniele Cozzoli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores postwar American strategies regarding penicillin in Japan. Perceived as both an American gift and a symbol of reconstruction, penicillin played a singular role in Washington's postwar policies towards Europe and Japan. Washington encouraged US pharmaceutical companies to penetrate Europe but sought to protect intra-European trade. In Japan, however, importing penicillin from the US or establishing private American factories was forbidden. Jackson W. Foster implemented a smaller-scale, military-directed version of the US's wartime penicillin project. In this paper, it is argued that the MacArthur administration aimed to boost Japanese penicillin production and transfer American industrial culture to Japan. This was initially a major success. However, the Japanese pharmaceutical industry failed to break down barriers to market entry established by first movers and, consequently, was uncompetitive throughout the twentieth century. This paper regards the American penicillin project in Japan as a factor in the weakness of the postwar Japanese pharmaceutical industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"469-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33250452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[YESTERDAY'S CLINICIANS: JUDGEMENTS AND REQUESTS IN THREE LETTERS OF NIGRISOLI, MURRI, AND GALDI]. [昨天的临床医生:尼格里索利、穆里和加尔迪三封信中的判断和要求]。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Vito Cagli
{"title":"[YESTERDAY'S CLINICIANS: JUDGEMENTS AND REQUESTS IN THREE LETTERS OF NIGRISOLI, MURRI, AND GALDI].","authors":"Vito Cagli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present here three interesting documents which allow us to have a quick look at some aspects of the professional life of Italian teachers of internal medicine at the end of XIX century. A typewritten copy of a letter sent, on 23 February 1877, by Augusto Murri, professor of internal medicine at the University of Bologna, to Francesco Crispi, Speaker of the Italian Parliament. This document was enclosed in a letter dated 6 March 1937 from Bartolo Nigrisoli, a distingued surgeon of Bologna, to Francesco Galdi, clinician of the University of Pisa. The third document is a handwritten reply from Galdi to Nigrisoli. Relevant information in all three documents are commented upon.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"705-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33938248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[THE BLADDER STONE OF CARDINAL PIETRO BASADONNA (1617-1684) IN THE WORDS OF HIS PHYSICIAN ROMOLO SPEZIOLI (1642-1723)]. [红衣主教pietro basadonna(1617-1684)的膀胱结石，用他的医生romolo spezioli(1642-1723)的话来说]。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Raffaella Santi, Annarita Franza, Gabriella Nesi
{"title":"[THE BLADDER STONE OF CARDINAL PIETRO BASADONNA (1617-1684) IN THE WORDS OF HIS PHYSICIAN ROMOLO SPEZIOLI (1642-1723)].","authors":"Raffaella Santi,&nbsp;Annarita Franza,&nbsp;Gabriella Nesi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the death of Cardinal Pietro Basadonna in 1684, his personal physician Romolo Spezioli wrote a report describing the disease, circumstances of death and autopsy findings of the illustrious prelate. This document, kept in the Biblioteca Civica at Jesi, is a significant attestation of the medical terminology and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of the time. Even with the constraints that interpretation of a clinical account dating back over 300 years inevitably imposes, perusal of this report suggests that Cardinal Basadonna's demise could have been due to septic shock, consequent to a urinary infection caused by a bulky bladder stone.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"857-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33938255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Mazarello P., L'erba della regina. Storia di un decotto miracoloso. Torino, Bollati Boringhieri, 2013]. (马扎雷洛P.，女王的杂草。神奇汤剂的故事。都灵，Boringhieri, 2013)。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Valentina Gazzaniga
{"title":"[Mazarello P., L'erba della regina. Storia di un decotto miracoloso. Torino, Bollati Boringhieri, 2013].","authors":"Valentina Gazzaniga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"379-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33072350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROSSOVERS BETWEEN EPIGENESIS AND EPIGENETICS. A MULTICENTER APPROACH TO THE HISTORY OF EPIGENETICS (1901-1975). 在表观遗传学和表观遗传学之间的交叉。对表观遗传学历史的多中心研究(1901-1975)。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Rossella Costa, Giulia Frezza
{"title":"CROSSOVERS BETWEEN EPIGENESIS AND EPIGENETICS. A MULTICENTER APPROACH TO THE HISTORY OF EPIGENETICS (1901-1975).","authors":"Rossella Costa,&nbsp;Giulia Frezza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The origin of epigenetics has been traditionally traced back to Conrad Hal Waddington's foundational work in 1940s. The aim of the present paper is to reveal a hidden history of epigenetics, by means of a multicenter approach. Our analysis shows that genetics and embryology in early XX century--far from being non-communicating vessels--shared similar questions, as epitomized by Thomas Hunt Morgan's works. Such questions were rooted in the theory of epigenesis and set the scene for the development of epigenetics. Since the 1950s, the contribution of key scientists (Mary Lyon and Eduardo Scarano), as well as the discussions at the international conference of Gif-sur-Yvette (1957) paved the way for three fundamental shifts of focus: 1. From the whole embryo to the gene; 2. From the gene to the complex extranuclear processes of development; 3. From cytoplasmic inheritance to the epigenetics mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"905-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33939191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
INTRODUCTION: The nature of monsters. Sketches of the history of teratology. 简介:怪物的本性。畸形学的历史梗概。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Francesco Paolo De Ceglia
{"title":"INTRODUCTION: The nature of monsters. Sketches of the history of teratology.","authors":"Francesco Paolo De Ceglia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33071962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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