American Journal of Potato Research最新文献

{"title":"TubAR: an R Package for Quantifying Tuber Shape and Skin Traits from Images","authors":"Michael D. Miller,&nbsp;Cari A. Schmitz Carley,&nbsp;Rachel A. Figueroa,&nbsp;Max J. Feldman,&nbsp;Darrin Haagenson,&nbsp;Laura M. Shannon","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09894-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09894-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Potato market value is heavily affected by tuber quality traits such as shape, color, and skinning. Despite this, potato breeders often rely on subjective scales that fail to precisely define phenotypes. Individual human evaluators and the environments in which ratings are taken can bias visual quality ratings. Collecting quality trait data using machine vision allows for precise measurements that will remain reliable between evaluators and breeding programs. Here we present TubAR (Tuber Analysis in R), an image analysis program designed to collect data for multiple tuber quality traits at low cost to breeders. To assess the efficacy of TubAR in comparison to visual scales, red-skinned potatoes were evaluated using both methods. Broad sense heritability was consistently higher for skinning, roundness, and length to width ratio using TubAR. TubAR collects essential data on fresh market potato breeding populations while maintaining efficiency by measuring multiple traits through one phenotyping protocol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"52 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09894-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43957232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polaris Gold: An Attractive, Yellow-fleshed Tablestock Cultivar with Chipping Potential","authors":"Thomas R. Stefaniak,&nbsp;Jeffrey Miller,&nbsp;Colin R. Jones,&nbsp;Michael Miller,&nbsp;Muyideen Yusuf,&nbsp;Megan A. Harder,&nbsp;John C. Larsen,&nbsp;Cari A. Schmitz Carley,&nbsp;Darrin Haagenson,&nbsp;Asunta Thompson,&nbsp;Thomas E. Michaels,&nbsp;Christian Thill,&nbsp;Laura M. Shannon","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09896-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09896-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>Polaris Gold is a late-maturing, yellow-fleshed, beige-yellow skinned cultivar with round tubers and an established reputation for culinary versatility and excellent flavor. Tuber size distribution favors large tubers when the crop is allowed to completely bulk, and small-to-medium tubers when harvested in an interval typical for specialty table-stock cultivars. The beige-yellow, almost transparent skin allows the bright yellow-flesh color to be seen on uncut tubers. Yields are lower than for Yukon Gold, an earlier-maturing, yellow, fresh-market potato cultivar, regarded as an industry standard. Seed growers and commercial producers have been planting Polaris Gold (evaluated as MN04844-07Y) since 2012. Anecdotal reports from consumers laud its versatility, describing it as being excellent for chips, home fries, lefse, kugelis, pan roasting, salads, and even mashing. Specific gravity was 1.070 over three locations. Polaris Gold will be released with the publication of this article, and Plant Variety Protection (PVP) will not be sought.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"71 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09896-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47285336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echo Russet: A Russet Potato Variety with a High Yield of Marketable Tubers, High Processing Quality, and Few Tuber Defects","authors":"N. Baley,&nbsp;V. Sathuvalli,&nbsp;B. A. Charlton,&nbsp;C. C. Shock,&nbsp;S. Yilma,&nbsp;R. Qin,&nbsp;E. Feibert,&nbsp;M. I. Vales,&nbsp;R. G. Novy,&nbsp;J. L. Whitworth,&nbsp;C. Brown,&nbsp;D. A. Navarre,&nbsp;J. C. Stark,&nbsp;M. J. Pavek,&nbsp;N. R. Knowles,&nbsp;L. O. Knowles,&nbsp;J. M. Blauer,&nbsp;T. L. Brandt,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;M. Thornton,&nbsp;R. R. Spear,&nbsp;N. Olsen","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09891-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09891-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>Echo Russet is a medium- to late-maturing selection with long, large, russeted tubers. Total yields are similar to those of Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet, however Echo Russet produced significantly greater yields than Russet Norkotah. Further, Echo Russet produced significantly higher US No. 1 yields when compared to these standard varieties (6—29% more). Echo Russet has high protein, high specific gravity, light fry color, low acrylamide level, and few internal and external tuber defects. In three years of evaluations in U.S. Western Regional Potato Variety Trials, post-harvest merit scores for fresh and processing qualities were high for Echo Russet when compared to standard varieties. Echo Russet is resistant to Fusarium dry rot, <i>Pectobacterium</i> (syn. <i>Erwinia</i>) soft rot, and common scab. Echo Russet exhibits moderate resistance to Verticillium wilt, early blight, <i>Potato virus Y</i> (PVY), <i>Potato leaf roll virus</i> (PLRV), <i>Potato mop top virus</i> (PMTV), and corky ring spot. The preponderance of resistances to major diseases gives Echo Russet great potential for organic production and sustainable farming systems.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"15 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47879924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the Spread of Potato Virus Diseases in Kazakhstan","authors":"Dias Daurov,&nbsp;Assel Argynbayeva,&nbsp;Ainash Daurova,&nbsp;Kuanysh Zhapar,&nbsp;Zagipa Sapakhova,&nbsp;Kabyl Zhambakin,&nbsp;Malika Shamekova","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09895-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09895-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) is one of the main food crops worldwide, including in Kazakhstan. Viral diseases are a major constraint to sustainable potato production, as they cause large losses in crop quantity and quality. To determine the current status of potato production in Kazakhstan, we studied tuber and leaf samples in large seed and commercial farms of the Republic. Samples of tuber and leaf samples randomly sampled were tested for five main viruses: potato virus Y (PVY), potato virus X (PVX), potato virus M (PVM), potato virus S (PVS), and potato leafroll virus (PLRV). A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mpRT-PCR) was used to monitor viral infection. During the monitoring of tuber samples, it was found that the most common virus in almost all regions was the PVS virus at 64.5%. Moreover, most of the viruses originated in commercial farms. As a result of the analysis of leaves selected in the fields, it was found that the most common viruses in the regions were PVM at 46% and PVS at 35.3%. The work performed to monitor viral diseases in various regions of Kazakhstan will enable direct actions to maintain and improve the phytosanitary status of potatoes in Kazakhstan in the future.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"63 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09895-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42791662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The United States Potato Genebank Holding of cv. Desiree is a Somatic Mutant of cv. Urgenta","authors":"Kirk R. Amundson,&nbsp;Isabelle M. Henry,&nbsp;Luca Comai","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09892-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09892-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Genome-wide markers enable routine confirmation of whether varieties are true-to-type, and when they are not, to infer their identity. The objective of this study was to determine the basis of a previously described chromosome translocation, tr8-7, which was apparently polymorphic among holdings of the tetraploid potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) cultivar Desiree. Through analysis of publicly available genotype data from North American and European tetraploid potato germplasm, we resolved a longstanding mistaken identity of the United States Potato Genebank holding of Desiree, which is actually a somatic mutant of its maternal parent, cv. Urgenta. Comparison of multiple holdings revealed that tr8-7 was a somatic mutation that occurred at least 25 years ago and was maintained in isolated lineages. Holdings from other institutions lacked tr8-7 and were confirmed as Desiree by trio analyses, suggesting that the mixup affected the United States Potato Genebank and institutions that received Desiree from there. In the face of inevitable mutations and human error, we recommend validation of potato germplasm collections with pedigree and genomic information. To that effect, we provide molecular markers to distinguish the varieties investigated in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"27 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09892-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46590756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profitability of Supplemental Irrigation and Soil Dewatering for Potato Production in Atlantic Canada: Insights from Historical Yield and Weather Data","authors":"Yefang Jiang,&nbsp;Tobin Stetson,&nbsp;Ana Kostic,&nbsp;Scott Anderson,&nbsp;Matt Ramsay","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09890-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09890-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highly variable and unpredictable precipitation in humid regions makes water management important for consistent potato production. This study assessed the influence of supplemental irrigation (SI) and soil dewatering on potato productivity and profitability in Prince Edward Island, Canada. The average yields of Russet Burbank (RB), Shepody, Kennebec and Goldrush cultivars from 2000 to 2020 (excluding 2018) were conceptualized as the results of an un-replicated experiment with growing season (GS) precipitation representing water supply treatment. GS precipitation varied from 155 to 479 mm, with an average of 338 mm. Yield increased with increasing GS precipitation in the 155–257 mm range (Rainfall Zone 1; 3/20 seasons), became relatively insensitive to GS precipitation in the 258–425 mm range (Rainfall Zone 2; 12/20 seasons), and decreased as GS precipitation increased from 426 to 479 mm (Rainfall Zone 3; 5/20 seasons). Yields responded to GS precipitation following second-order polynomial regressions, with GS precipitation explaining 69%, 65%, 29% and 50% of yield variation for RB, Shepody, Kennebec and Goldrush cultivars, respectively. These yield regression equations predict that SI using a center-pivot system would produce a positive profit in the first half of Rainfall Zone 1 regardless of field size and in the second half of Rainfall Zone 1 in fields over 40 ha. SI would not produce a positive profit in Rainfall Zone 2 regardless of field size because precipitation was high enough that additional water supply would not have resulted in sufficient yield gains to offset the cost of SI. Soil dewatering would be beneficial for optimal production in Rainfall Zone 3 in which precipitation was excessive. The annual variation in precipitation, unpredictability of SI requirements, and unprofitability in most seasons, present a significant financial barrier for the widespread implementation of SI. On the other hand, the gross income gained from increased yields by soil dewatering would fully cover the cost of tile drain installation after only two to three extremely wet seasons, making tile drainage a good investment for consistent production. This study demonstrates that historical rain-fed yield and weather data can be used to assess the economics of potato production with SI and soil dewatering, and provides important insights on potato water management in a humid temperate climate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"99 5-6","pages":"369 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09890-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44985574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Potato Mop-Top Virus in Potato Seed Lots Entering Washington State","authors":"Kylie D. Swisher Grimm,&nbsp;Richard A. Quick,&nbsp;Launa Cimrhakl,&nbsp;Charles Brown,&nbsp;Mark J. Pavek","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09889-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09889-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For many years, potato seed lots have been tested for economically important pathogens in order to restrict their spread. Despite this, some pathogens inevitably make it into commercial fields and require management. Although knowledge about pathogen prevalence in commercial seed lots has increased over the last decade, assessment of the tuber necrotic viruses, <i>Tobacco rattle virus</i> and <i>Potato mop-top virus</i>, has been lacking. For seven years, four tubers from each seed lot in the Washington State University Seed Lot Trial were assessed for these two viruses. <i>Tobacco rattle virus</i> levels were negligible, but 1.76 to 5.50% of seed lots were infected with <i>Potato mop-top virus</i> each year. <i>Potato mop-top virus</i> was found in seven seed growing regions and 23 cultivars. These results are concerning, as the rate of transmission from seed to daughter tubers is largely unknown, and fields across the region are infested with <i>Spongospora subterranea</i>, the vector of <i>Potato mop-top virus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"99 5-6","pages":"390 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43739645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diploid Potatoes as a Catalyst for Change in the Potato Industry","authors":"Paul C. Bethke,&nbsp;Dennis A. Halterman,&nbsp;David M. Francis,&nbsp;Jiming Jiang,&nbsp;David S. Douches,&nbsp;Amy O. Charkowski,&nbsp;Joshua Parsons","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09888-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09888-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to increasing interest in diploid potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) breeding and the production of diploid inbred hybrid potato varieties, the Breeding and Genetics section of the Potato Association of America (PAA) organized a symposium on diploid breeding that took place during the 2021 PAA annual meeting. Proceedings from that symposium are documented in this manuscript. Speakers from academia, government and industry presented their unique perspectives. Presentations covered a wide range of topics. Potential advantages of diploid breeding were introduced, and reasons to be skeptical about diploid breeding were highlighted. The impact that diploid breeding might have on the potato seed industry was discussed. Advantages for genetics research were emphasized. Aspects of tomato breeding and production were reviewed and considered as potential models for diploid potato breeding and production activities. Lastly, an industry-centered view of diploid potato breeding was provided. Taken together, these presentations are a snapshot of how diploid potato breeding was viewed in the moment, a vision for how diploid breeding might be implemented, and a thoughtful reflection on how diploid breeding and inbred hybrid varieties might change the potato variety development process and impact the potato industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"99 5-6","pages":"337 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09888-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48794095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of Potato Cultivars to Blackspot and Shatter Bruise at Three Impact Heights","authors":"Rabecka L. Hendricks,&nbsp;Nora Olsen,&nbsp;Michael K. Thornton,&nbsp;Patrick Hatzenbuehler","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09887-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09887-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>\u0000 Handling potatoes can create opportunities to develop bruise resulting in quality defects that reduce the acceptability for purchase among retailers, processors, and consumers. Understanding cultivar specific bruise susceptibility can aid in developing appropriate bruise management programs. A two-year trial was conducted to examine bruise susceptibility in six commercially grown russet cultivars as affected by impact height. Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, Clearwater Russet, Dakota Russet, Teton Russet, and Umatilla Russet were impacted using a device that dropped a 100 g steel weight from 8, 18, or 30 cm height to deliver a uniform impact on both the bud and stem end of a stationary tuber. Blackspot bruise incidence, severity and depth, and shatter bruise incidence were evaluated. Blackspot and shatter bruise were significantly influenced by impact height and tuber end in all cultivars. As impact height increased, blackspot bruise incidence, severity, depth, and shatter bruise incidence increased. There were no significant differences among cultivars or tuber ends in shatter bruise at the 8 cm impact height, but differences became evident at 18 and 30 cm impact heights. Overall, the bud end had lower blackspot bruise incidence, severity, and depth compared to the stem end for all cultivars, although the response difference between ends was dependent on cultivar. Clearwater Russet and Dakota Russet had the highest blackspot bruise incidence compared to other cultivars. Teton Russet had the lowest blackspot bruise incidence, severity rating, and depth among the six cultivars but had the highest shatter bruise incidence. This study provided insight on the importance of including more than one impact height to develop robust bruise susceptibility research protocols as well as develop cultivar-specific bruise management recommendations for the industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"99 5-6","pages":"358 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45197340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the Papers Presented at the 105th Virtual Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America, July 26 -28, 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12230-022-09878-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12230-022-09878-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7596,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Potato Research","volume":"99 5-6","pages":"395 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12230-022-09878-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47461433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}