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International journal of chronobiology最新文献

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Effect of the Zeitgeber pattern on the resynchronization behaviour of dark-active mammals. 授时体模式对暗活动哺乳动物再同步行为的影响。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1982-01-01
H G Erkert
{"title":"Effect of the Zeitgeber pattern on the resynchronization behaviour of dark-active mammals.","authors":"H G Erkert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The activity of 12 Egyptian fruit bats, Rousettus aegyptiacus, was synchronized by 24-h illumination cycles varying in light/dark (L/D) ratios, and the effect of these ratios on the resynchronization following phase shifts of the Zeitgeber signal (+8 h and -8 h) was observed. The resynchronization time in L/D:16/8 was the same as that in L/D:12/12, but that in L/D:8/16 was significantly increased. After an advance-shift, some of the bats (2 of 6 in L/D:16/8 and 6 of 12 in L/D:8/16) resynchronized 'antidromically', by lengthening the activity period. The tendency toward antidromic resynchronization appears to increase with the age of the animal. Two ways of interpreting these results are: (1) as a consequence of a reduction in the strength of the Zeitgeber signal due to the altered L/D ratio; and (2) in terms of a modification of the phase response. Among the implications for human circadian periodicity is the possibility that resynchronization following long west-east flights at high latitudes might be affected by the time of year.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"8 2","pages":"115-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18157394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstracts of the XV International Conference of the International Society for Chronobiology, 13-18 September 1981, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 第十五届国际时间生物学学会国际会议纪要，1981年9月13-18日，美国明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
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引用次数: 0
Anchor sleep as a synchronizer of rhythms on abnormal routines. 锚定睡眠，使其成为异常作息节奏的同步器。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
D S Minors, J M Waterhouse
{"title":"Anchor sleep as a synchronizer of rhythms on abnormal routines.","authors":"D S Minors,&nbsp;J M Waterhouse","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiments have been performed upon human volunteers in an Isolation Unit to investigate the effects of different routines of sleep and wakefulness upon circadian rhythms in deep body temperature and some urinary constituents. Irregular sleeping routines, whether as a single randomly-timed 8-hour sleep or as two randomly-arranged 4-hour sleep periods, were associated with free-running rhythms with periods greater than 24 hours, even though mealtimes continued to be taken as customary times of day. If one of the 4-hour sleep periods - the anchor sleep - was taken at the same time each day (0000-0400; 0400-0800; 0800-1200 or 1200-1600), but the other sleep continued to be taken at irregular times, then, after a few days, the circadian rhythms became stabilized with periods indistinguishable from 24 hours. There was a shift in phase of the stabilized rhythms when compared with the phase during control conditions, the size of which indicated that the time of sleep, rather than mealtimes, was synchronizing the rhythms. Some of the implications of these findings for people working shifts or other irregular schedules are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"7 3","pages":"165-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18254388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of restricted food and water regimes on the estrous cycle of the rat. 限制食物和水的制度对大鼠发情周期的影响。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
J D Clarke, G J Coleman, S Armstrong
{"title":"Effects of restricted food and water regimes on the estrous cycle of the rat.","authors":"J D Clarke,&nbsp;G J Coleman,&nbsp;S Armstrong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The possibility that daily food and water presentation is a more potent synchronizer to the estrual rhythm of the female rat than the light-dark cycle was investigated by presenting food and water ad libitum only during the dark period or only during the light period of an LD 12:12. It was found that the daily feeding and drinking regimes did not synchronize the estrous cycle, but only disrupted the synchrony between the LD cycle and the estrous cycle. Because there was no significant difference between body weights of the groups, results cannot be interpreted in terms of under-nourishment effects on hormone synthesis, but rather in terms of the temporal characteristics of food and water intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"7 3","pages":"145-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18210419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evidence for the existence of a retino-hypothalamo-retinal loop in rabbits. 兔视网膜-下丘脑-视网膜环存在的证据。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
J Brandenburg, A C Bobbert, F Eggelmeyer
{"title":"Evidence for the existence of a retino-hypothalamo-retinal loop in rabbits.","authors":"J Brandenburg,&nbsp;A C Bobbert,&nbsp;F Eggelmeyer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabbits which have previously been exposed to 24-h light/dark alternations exhibit in their photic responses at all levels of the visual pathway, and in the electroretinogram, simultaneous circadian changes with a time course that is programmed by the preceding light/dark schedule. The occurrence of simultaneous changes in the response of the visual cortex to electrical stimulation at subcortical levels could not be established. After bilateral sectioning of the optic nerves, there were still changes in the electroretinogram which were now no longer programmed, but reflected the existence of a free-running rhythm. Bilateral sectioning of the cervical sympathetic nerves resulted in a complete absence of circadian changes in photic responses. The results suggest the possible existence of a retino-hypothalamo-retinal loop by means of which the responses to photic stimuli on a given day are modulated according to the time course of the light/dark alternations on the immediately preceding day. The possible role of this feedback loop in the origin of animal photoperiodism is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"13-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18355136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Howard Levine retires as Chief of Medicine at the New Britain General Hospital, New Britain, Connecticut. Howard Levine从康涅狄格州新不列颠市新不列颠总医院医学主任一职退休。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
F Halberg
{"title":"Howard Levine retires as Chief of Medicine at the New Britain General Hospital, New Britain, Connecticut.","authors":"F Halberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18089993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circannual fluctuation of a stereotyped behaviour with possible self-mutilation in a mentally deficient adolescent. 有精神缺陷的青少年有可能自残的刻板行为的周期性波动。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
J Francezon, J P Visier, J F Mennesson
{"title":"Circannual fluctuation of a stereotyped behaviour with possible self-mutilation in a mentally deficient adolescent.","authors":"J Francezon,&nbsp;J P Visier,&nbsp;J F Mennesson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A stereotyped behaviour with possible self-mutilation was measured in a mentally deficient child (age 17) with autistic features; the subject was observed 5 minutes each hour, daily from 0800 to 2000, for fourteen months. We studied variations of his behaviour (number of acts per minute of observation and per day) and especially circannual fluctuations with maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The origins of this variation are discussed, particularly from the chronobiological point of view. Eventual therapeutic issues of this kind of study are also considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"7 3","pages":"129-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18254387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circadian variation in the susceptibility of mouse epidermis to chemical carcinogens. 小鼠表皮对化学致癌物易感性的昼夜变化。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
O H Iversen, S L Kauffman
{"title":"Circadian variation in the susceptibility of mouse epidermis to chemical carcinogens.","authors":"O H Iversen,&nbsp;S L Kauffman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groups of hairless nice were given a single topical application of each of two highly-reactive carcinogens (methylnitrosourea and beta-propiolactone) at 12(00) and 00(00). The tumor yield was as follows: for methylnitrosourea there was a slightly higher yield of skin tumours in the animals painted at 12(00); for animals painted with beta-propiolactone, there was a significantly higher skin tumour yield in those painted at 12(00). When the groups painted with the two carcinogens are considered together, there was a significantly higher number of animals with all types of tumours in the group painted at 12(00). Hence, there seems to be a circadian variation in the sensitivity of a tissue to a single contact with a chemical carcinogen. This may be related to the proliferative state of the tissue involved: at 12(00), DNA and cell division takes place at a more rapid rate than at 00(00).</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18355138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endogenous and exogenous components of circadian rhythms when living on a 21-hour day. 当一天生活21小时时，昼夜节律的内源性和外源性成分。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1981-01-01
D S Minors, J M Waterhouse
{"title":"Endogenous and exogenous components of circadian rhythms when living on a 21-hour day.","authors":"D S Minors,&nbsp;J M Waterhouse","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of living on a 21-h sleep-wakeful cycle upon the rhythms of urinary electrolyte excretion and deep body temperature were measured in a single female subject in an isolation unit. The effects of this 21-h routine upon the endogenous components of these rhythms were assessed by studying the subject, after 4 days on this routine, on a 'constant routine' in which exogenous rhythmic influences were removed, and the absence of any timepiece. The results confirm conclusions from previous studies which indicate that during a 21-h routine both endogenous and exogenous components are simultaneously present, though the relative size of these components depended on the variable under consideration. The endogenous component appeared to free-run with a period longer than 24 h. In the second experiment (when all timepieces were removed at the end of the time on a 21-h routine) the sleep-wakeful cycle continued to oscillate for several cycles with a period near 21 h. This suggests that activity was controlled by an oscillator which could be entrained to a period of 21 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"31-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18355137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronotherapy of mammary cancer in rats. 大鼠乳腺癌的时间疗法。
International journal of chronobiology Pub Date : 1980-01-01
F Halberg, W Nelson, F Levi, D Culley, A Bogden, D J Taylor
{"title":"Chronotherapy of mammary cancer in rats.","authors":"F Halberg,&nbsp;W Nelson,&nbsp;F Levi,&nbsp;D Culley,&nbsp;A Bogden,&nbsp;D J Taylor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two studies were performed on female Fischer rats, housed 2/cage with food and water ad libitum in rooms maintained at 24 degrees C and with lights on daily for 8 hours (LD 8:16). In each study 192 rats were innoculated subcutaneously with 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma. Of these, 168 received chemotherapy, separate groups being treated at 1 of 6 different circadian stages. As controls, 24 tumour-bearing rats received saline while 24 rats without tumours received therapy. Chemotherapy consisted of 0.8 mg/kg Adriamycin (ADR) i.p. daily from day 11 to day 19 post tumour inoculation (except for days 16 and 17) followed by 1.6 mg/kg phenylalanine mustard (PAM) p.o. 3 times weekly beginning on day 20. In study-I PAM treatment was continued until 50% of the treated tumour-bearing rats died. In Study-II a 50% overall reduction in mean tumour size was not achieved before regrowth, presumably due to differences in the source of the rats, tumour-heterogeneity and/or other factors. At 50% overall tumour size reduction in the first study there was a statistically significant effect of treatment-timing on tumour size and on percent remission. The greatest reduction in mean tumour size and the highest percentage remission was observed in rats treated at the onset of darkness (activity), a timing similar to that observed in previous studies for optimal tolerance of ADR and PAM by the host. No deaths were observed in treated rats without tumours. When the drug combination used was sufficiently active against the tumour, the therapeutic index (selective toxicity) was improved by timing therapy according to circadian rhythms in the tumour-host system. This effect was achieved with doses not lethal to the nontumourous host. The presumption by others that chronotherapy depends on the use of toxic doses does not here apply.</p>","PeriodicalId":75936,"journal":{"name":"International journal of chronobiology","volume":"7 2","pages":"85-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18462083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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