Dakar medical最新文献_第7页

[Nosocomial infections: definition, frequence and risk factors]. 医院感染:定义、频率和危险因素。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

E Diouf, M D Bèye, Ndoye M Diop, O Kane, Sall B Ka

{"title":"[Nosocomial infections: definition, frequence and risk factors].","authors":"E Diouf, M D Bèye, Ndoye M Diop, O Kane, Sall B Ka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Infection is nosocomial if it missed at the time patient admission in the health establishment. When infectious status of the patient on admission is unknown, infection is generally regarded as nosocomial if it appears after a time of at least 48 hours of hospitalization. For surgical site infection, the commonly allowed time is 30 days, or, in case of prosthesis or an implant, one year after surgical intervention. Nosocomial infections (NI) constitute major health care problem from their frequency, their cost, their gravity. Mortality related to NI can attempt 70% in certain units like intensive care units. Two ways of contamination are possible: the endogenous way is responsible of majority of hospital infections. The normally sterile sites are contaminated then colonized by the flora which is carrying the patient himself, with the favor of a rupture of the barriers of defense. The exogenic way is associated colonization, possibly followed by infection, of the patient by external bacteria, coming from others patients or from environment, transmitted in an indirect way (aerosols, manuportage, materials). Whatever its mode of transmission, apparition of nosocomial infection can be related to several supporting factors: age and pathology, certain treatments (antibiotic which unbalance patients' flora and select resistant bacteria, immunosuppressive treatments), invasive practices necessary to the patient treatment. The prevalence of nosocomial infections is higher in the intensive care units where certain studies bring back rates of 42.8% versus 12.1% in others services. The four sites of nosocomial infection most frequently concerned are: the respiratory site, urinary infections, bloodstream infections (Catheters related bloodstream infections in particular), and surgical sites infections. The relative proportion of these infections varies according to principal activity of the unity.","PeriodicalId":75773,"journal":{"name":"Dakar medical","volume":"52 2","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27917270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Cytotoxic activity of two cyclic peptides from the latex of Jatropha integerrima Euphorbiaceae]. [大戟科麻疯树乳胶中两个环肽的细胞毒活性]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

A Welé, C Baraguèye, W Ndiaye, D Fall, I Ndoye, Y Diop, L Dubosq, B Bodo

{"title":"[Cytotoxic activity of two cyclic peptides from the latex of Jatropha integerrima Euphorbiaceae].","authors":"A Welé, C Baraguèye, W Ndiaye, D Fall, I Ndoye, Y Diop, L Dubosq, B Bodo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Activity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract of the latex of Jatropha integerrima Euphorbiaceae combinated with cytotoxic assay against the KB human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, resulted to the isolation by chromatographic methods including HPLC of two new cyclopeptides: integerrimacyclopeptide4 and integerrima cyclopeptide B. The amino acid composition was established after hydrolysis and derivatization. All chiral amino acids were L configuration and were hydrophobic. Their sequences were determined by MS fragmentations (ESI-q-TOF, MS/MS) and confirmed by 2D NMR homo- and heteronuclear studies. Integerrimacyclopeptide A was a cyclooctapeptide with m/z 766 corresponding to the molecular formula C37H66N8O9. Analysis of mass spectra gave b(n) and a(n) acylium ion series which the sequence could be deduced: cyclo(Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ile-Leu-Gly-lle). This structure was confirmed by interpretation of HMBC and ROESY spectra. Likewise, integerrimacyclopeptide B was a cycloheptapeptide with m/z 651 and C31H53N7O8 as molecular formula containing one proline residue: cyclo(Pro-Gly-Thr-Ile-Gly-Ile-Leu). These two cyclic peptides exhibited significant cytotoxic activityin vitro against KB tumorales cells with respective IC50 values of 0.46 +/- 0.04 and 0.66 +/-0.08 microg/ml.","PeriodicalId":75773,"journal":{"name":"Dakar medical","volume":"52 3","pages":"209-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27912559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Nosocomial infections: main causative agents]. [医院感染:主要病原体]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

C S Boye, A I Sow

引用次数: 0

[Preventive measures and the strife against nosocomial infection]. 医院感染的预防措施与斗争。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

O Kane, M D Bèye, Ndoye M Diop, P I Ndiaye, E Diouf, Ka B Sall

{"title":"[Preventive measures and the strife against nosocomial infection].","authors":"O Kane, M D Bèye, Ndoye M Diop, P I Ndiaye, E Diouf, Ka B Sall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The nosocomial Infections are associated to an increase of the morbidity, of the mortality and costs. Their frequency stay on raised in our service of cares. Then it is recommended and broadly admitted what each hospital must dispose of a unity of nosocomial infections prevention and to dispose a staff specially vested in those duties. Of the fact the nosocomial infections frequency in reanimation, an imported part of the activity of this specialized staff will have to run out in services of intensive cares. The principal nosocomial infections feature observed is being directly or indirectly associated to engineerings of acting as invasives deputy used to palliate a vital lapse. Of a general manner, all sharp grave affection, as anything severe traumatism (accidental or surgical) drag a capacities reduction of defense against the infection, component so important factors of nosocomial infections installations. Preventive measures pass by the engineerings respect of hands hygiene, the harbour of clean conformable dress, the measures respect of isolation (septic or preventive), the cares grading, the upkeep of the hardware and the bedroom, the respect of the circuit of the linen salts and lastly the sorting and the losses management of activity of cares. For that it must a policy of strife against nosocomial infections with the placing in place of operational unities of hygiene in all hospitals and the redynamisation of the committee of strife against nosocomial infections already existed in different public establishments of health.","PeriodicalId":75773,"journal":{"name":"Dakar medical","volume":"52 2","pages":"82-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27916693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Allergies in ENT]. [耳鼻喉科过敏]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

P De Rotalier, M Faye, B Sissokho, D Fall

引用次数: 0

[Elephantiasic pretibial myxoedema: study of five cases]. 象皮性胫前黏液水肿5例分析

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

S O Niang, M Diallo, A Kane, T I Bocoum, M T Dieng, B Ndiaye

引用次数: 0

[Ultrastructural aspects of the spermatozoon abnormalities on infertile men in Senegal]. [塞内加尔不育男性精子异常的超微结构研究]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

A S Diallo, M Diarra, A Sow, M Mbodj, J M Afoutou

引用次数: 0

[Etiological orientation from the analysis morphological and constitutional of urinary stones in Conakry]. [从科纳克里泌尿系结石的形态学和体质分析的病因学定位]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

M L Kaba, O R Bah, N M Baldé, J C Bigot, A O Bah, M Diakité, I Baldé, D A Panzo, Y I Touré, M B Diallo, J L Carré

{"title":"[Etiological orientation from the analysis morphological and constitutional of urinary stones in Conakry].","authors":"M L Kaba, O R Bah, N M Baldé, J C Bigot, A O Bah, M Diakité, I Baldé, D A Panzo, Y I Touré, M B Diallo, J L Carré","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The epidemiological profile of urinary stones varies from region of the world to another according to food habit and certain enviromental factors. The aim of our study was to establish an etiological approach of the urinary lithiasis collected in Conakry by morphological and constitutional analysis.Materials and methods: It was a prospective study from january 1 rst 2003 to january 1 rst 2004 concerning all the stones collected. They were analysed by binocular magnifying glass and infra red spectrophotometry of Fourier.Results: During the period, 18 patients were observed (14 male, 4 femele) of 27.4 +/- 4 years old (from 2 to 69) living mainly in urban environment. From these patients 28 stones were collected; 12 spontaneously and 16 surgicaly. Their composition were whewellite (36%), struvite (29%), carbapatite (14%), urates (14%) and weddellite (7%). In Conakry stones come mainly from hyperoxaluria and urinary tract infection; hypercalciuria is uncomon.Conclusion: The urinary calculations examined among patients show in the adult a prevalence of elements in favour of a hyperoxalurie and a notable context of urinary infections in particular in the child; the pure hypercalciurie remains negligible in Conakry, we plan to lead a thorough work to the national scales.","PeriodicalId":75773,"journal":{"name":"Dakar medical","volume":"52 2","pages":"123-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27916050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Stroke and phenylpropanolamine: what risk factors and what recommendations in request?]. [中风和苯丙醇胺:有哪些危险因素和建议?]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

H Die-Kacou, M Kamagaté, T H Daubrey-Potey, D Bamba-Kamagaté, J-C Yavo, E Balayssac, V M Gboignon, K A Kakou, A F Gilbernaire

引用次数: 0

[Current aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus in Dakar. About 74 cases]. 达喀尔系统性红斑狼疮的现状。约74例]。

Dakar medical Pub Date : 2007-01-01

S Fall, D Dia, E F Ka, S Diallo, A Pouye, A Kane, A Niang, M T Dieng, M M Ka, B Diouf, B Ndiaye, Diop T Moreira

{"title":"[Current aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus in Dakar. About 74 cases].","authors":"S Fall, D Dia, E F Ka, S Diallo, A Pouye, A Kane, A Niang, M T Dieng, M M Ka, B Diouf, B Ndiaye, Diop T Moreira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: previously reported studies on systemic lupus erythematosus in Senegal were more then ten years old and reported few cases of patients. Our objectives were to update epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and evolutive aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus throughout a study of 74 patients.Patients and methods: we conducted a retrospective study in the internal medicine and the dermatology units of the university teaching hospital Aristide Le Dantec from January 1993 to December 2002. All patients with systemic lupus erythematosus according to the ACR criteria were included. Those who didn't meet ACR criteria were excluded.Results: we included 74 patients; their mean age was 32 years and the sex ratio 0.1 (male to female). At the entry general symptoms were constants, and cutaneous signs were found in 96% of cases, joints signs in 58.1% and renal sign in 56.8%. Haematological and immunologic abnormalities were nearly constant. All the patients received corticosteroids and in 35.71% they had in addition immunosuppressive drugs. Shorts term evolution was satisfactory. At the medium term 27.02% of the patients were lost and 10.81% of them died.Conclusion: currents aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus in Dakar are improved by the early diagnosis when the disease is pauci-symptomatic and by the use immunosuppressive drugs in association with corticosteroids.","PeriodicalId":75773,"journal":{"name":"Dakar medical","volume":"52 3","pages":"160-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27912034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0