Currents in alcoholism最新文献_第7页

Acute metabolic interaction of ethanol and drugs. 乙醇与药物的急性代谢相互作用。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J M Khanna, S Chung, G Ho, G Shah

{"title":"Acute metabolic interaction of ethanol and drugs.","authors":"J M Khanna, S Chung, G Ho, G Shah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Addition of ethanol in vitro was found to inhibit the microsomal metabolism of a variety of drugs such as meprobamate, aminopyrine, pentobarbital and zoxazolamine. In all cases, a mixed type of inhibition was obtained. When the concentration of alcohols of different chain lengths required to inhibit 50% of the metabolism of drugs was plotted against their corresponding octanol-water partition coefficients (Po/w) it was found that the inhibitory potency of alcohols is linearly related to the partition coefficients, with a slope of 0.98. In vivo acute administration of ethanol also resulted in decreased whole body metabolism of meprobamate, aminopyrine, pentobarbital, zoxazolamine and aniline. In vitro addition of pentobarbital, phenobarbital and meprobamate had no significant effect on ethanol metabolism by liver slices. Acute pretreatment with these drugs also had no effect on the rate of ethanol metabolism in vivo as measured in the whole body or as estimated from the rate of decrease of blood ethanol concentration. It appears therefore that acute metabolic interaction of ethanol and drugs is a one sided phenomenon, i.e. ethanol inhibits drug metabolism, whereas drugs do not inhibit ethanol metabolism. Ethanol inhibition of drug metabolism in vitro appears to result from a modification of the lipophilic milieu that surrounds the cytochrome P-450 in the microsomal membrane. Interference with the hydrophobic sites may either directly or indirectly affect the catalytic activities of the microsomal enzyme.","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"7 ","pages":"93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11756286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcoholism: an introduction to research on social issues. 酗酒:社会问题研究导论。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R Douglass

引用次数: 0

Social activity and drinking patterns. 社会活动和饮酒模式。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

T C Harford, E K Gerstel, C Pautler, C Hoban

引用次数: 0

Depression in female alcoholics. 女性酗酒者的抑郁症

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

E W Fine, S A Richman, M Teichman

引用次数: 0

Relationships of subclinical depression, psychopathy and hysteria to patterns of alcohol consumption and abuse in males and females. 男性和女性的亚临床抑郁症、精神病和歇斯底里与酒精消费和滥用模式的关系。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

E E Gorenstein

{"title":"Relationships of subclinical depression, psychopathy and hysteria to patterns of alcohol consumption and abuse in males and females.","authors":"E E Gorenstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Personality studies have consistently indicated a high prevalence of both psychopathy and depression among chronic alcoholics. This study examined the relationship of subclinical depression, psychopathy and hysteria (MMPI) to reported alcohol consumption and abuse (MAST scores) in a normal population of 18--21 year-olds. Both depression and psychopathy were positively related to frequency of consumption whereas hysteria was not. Separate analyses of the data were conducted by sex. Psychopathy and depression were positively related to consumption among males but not among females. Hysteria was positively related to consumption among females but not among males. Regarding abusive drinking, both depression and psychopathy were related to MAST scores among females whereas only psychopathy was among males. Hysteria was unrelated to MAST scores among both sexes. These results support the hypothesis that different psychological processes are involved in the drinking behavior of males and females. The results also underscore the importance of distinguishing simple consumption from abuse. Within the male and female groups, those personality variables related to consumption were not necessarily related to abuse and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"7 ","pages":"207-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11757700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin on ethanol dependence and tolerance. 精氨酸加压素和催产素对乙醇依赖和耐受性的影响。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

P L Hoffman, R F Ritzmann, B Tabokoff

引用次数: 0

A comparison of alcoholics and heroin abusers: computerized transaxial tomography and neuropsychological functioning. 酗酒者和海洛因滥用者的比较:计算机经轴断层扫描和神经心理功能。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

S Y Hill, R B Reyes, M Mikhael, F Ayre

引用次数: 0

Biomedical issues and clinical effects of alcoholism. Will power and denial, clinical findings about these pervasive concepts. 酒精中毒的生物医学问题和临床影响。意志力和否认，这些普遍概念的临床研究结果。

Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R H Landeen