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Currents in alcoholism最新文献

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Alcohol and other drug dependence in adolescence: characteristics of those who seek treatment, and outcome of treatment. 青少年的酒精和其他药物依赖:寻求治疗者的特征和治疗的结果。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
R E Herrington, P R Riordan, G R Jacobson
{"title":"Alcohol and other drug dependence in adolescence: characteristics of those who seek treatment, and outcome of treatment.","authors":"R E Herrington, P R Riordan, G R Jacobson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"253-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18353250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of ethanol and related drugs on the physical and functional properties of brain membranes. 乙醇及相关药物对脑膜物理和功能特性的影响。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
R A Harris, F Schroeder
{"title":"Effects of ethanol and related drugs on the physical and functional properties of brain membranes.","authors":"R A Harris,&nbsp;F Schroeder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) was incorporated into myelin and synaptic plasma membrane fractions prepared from mouse brain. The absorption-corrected fluorescence and polarization of the fluorescent probe a molecule and the membrane absorbance were measured simultaneously, using a computer-centered spectrofluorimeter. In vitro exposure of synaptic membranes to ethanol (25-100 mM) decreased all three parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The order of sensitivity was: corrected fluorescence greater than or equal to polarization much greater than absorbance. Myelin was not affected by these concentrations of ethanol, indicating a selective effect on synaptic membranes. The polarization of fluorescence of DPH in synaptic membranes was also decreased by tert-butanol, pentobarbital, and cis- and trans-vaccinic acid. The results suggest that ethanol and related drugs perturb the hydrophobic interior of synaptic membranes. These compounds also increased the exposure of synaptic sulfhydryl groups and inhibited the depolarization- and ATP-dependent uptake of calcium by synaptosomal preparations. These results suggest that the perturbation altered the conformation of synaptic proteins and inhibited the transport of calcium by synaptosomal membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"461-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18353257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A rat model of the fetal alcohol syndrome--preliminary histological findings. 胎儿酒精综合征大鼠模型——初步组织学发现。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
B T Sherwin, S Jacobson, D Zagorski
{"title":"A rat model of the fetal alcohol syndrome--preliminary histological findings.","authors":"B T Sherwin,&nbsp;S Jacobson,&nbsp;D Zagorski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A semipurified liquid diet was used to develop a chronic rat model of fetal alcohol syndrome. Adult female rats were fed a control or 40% ethanol (percent of total caloric intake) liquid diet. Additional controls were pair fed to the 40% experimental group. Results of the effects of these diets on the offspring included both qualitative and quantitative changes observed in Golgi study of hippocampal pyramidal neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"495-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18356933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Centrally acting peptides and tolerance to ethanol. 中枢作用肽和乙醇耐受性。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
P L Hoffman, B Tabakoff
{"title":"Centrally acting peptides and tolerance to ethanol.","authors":"P L Hoffman,&nbsp;B Tabakoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the many factors that may influence the development or expression of functional tolerance to or physical dependence on ethanol is the neurohypophyseal hormone, arginine vasopressin (AVP). This peptide hormone, administered exogenously, maintains ethanol tolerance in animals once such tolerance has been established. An analog of the hormone has also been reported to facilitate the development of ethanol tolerance and to exacerbate ethanol withdrawal symptomatology. Neurohypophyseal hormones and structurally related peptides have previously been shown to influence learning or memory; however, structure-activity analyses reveal differences in the structural requirements for maintenance of ethanol tolerance as compared to facilitation of memory processes. Therefore, these phenomena may represent CNS adaptive processes which are subserved by different mechanisms, or are differentially sensitive to particular peptides. The initial sensitivity of an animal to ethanol can also be affected by peptides, notably thyrotropin releasing hormone (thyroliberin, TRH). TRH antagonizes many of the initial responses to ethanol, perhaps by non-specific means. AVP, however, appears to potentiate the sedative effect of an acute dose of ethanol. Neurohypophyseal peptides also modulate ethanol intake. Thus, these neuropeptides, which have been localized to many areas of brain, may serve as endogenous modulators of various parameters related to ethanol consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"359-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17190081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of disulfiram on the sleep of chronic alcoholics. 双硫仑对慢性酗酒者睡眠的影响。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
S Snyder, I Karacan, P J Salis
{"title":"Effects of disulfiram on the sleep of chronic alcoholics.","authors":"S Snyder,&nbsp;I Karacan,&nbsp;P J Salis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thirty male alcoholic inpatients received in a random double-blind design placebo (P) or disulfiram 250 mg. (D) at bedtime in order to evaluate the effects of the latter on EEG-EOG sleep patterns. Subjects (S's) had no major medical illness and required no medication for 3 weeks prior to the study. There were 13 disulfiram S's and 17 placebo S's. The total REM time decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) in the D group. Total number of REM episodes decreased and latency to stage 1 REM increased in the disulfiram group. These results are characteristic of sleep patterns induced by the administration of catecholaminergics and opposite to those induced by catecholamine inhibiting agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"159-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17344883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of ethanol on hepatic protein secretion and microtubules. Possible mediation by acetaldehyde. 乙醇对肝脏蛋白分泌及微管的影响。乙醛可能起到中介作用。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
E Baraona, Y Matsuda, P Pikkarainen, F Finkelman, C S Lieber
{"title":"Effects of ethanol on hepatic protein secretion and microtubules. Possible mediation by acetaldehyde.","authors":"E Baraona,&nbsp;Y Matsuda,&nbsp;P Pikkarainen,&nbsp;F Finkelman,&nbsp;C S Lieber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"421-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18092060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computer-aided alcoholism diagnosis in obstetric-gynecologic medical settings. 计算机辅助酒精中毒诊断在妇产科医疗机构。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
J P Lyons, M Russell, J Brown
{"title":"Computer-aided alcoholism diagnosis in obstetric-gynecologic medical settings.","authors":"J P Lyons,&nbsp;M Russell,&nbsp;J Brown","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A computer-aided Alcoholism Diagnostic ALGOrithm (ADALGO) based on the NCA criteria for the diagnosis of alcoholism is applied in 233 obstetric and gynecologic patients. Alcoholism symptoms in the patients were intensively investigated by means of a 10-page, self-administered questionnaire, a 45-minute interview, and a medical record review. Alcoholism diagnoses based on the resulting set of 43 NCA symptoms are compared with ADALGO diagnoses utilizing an average of 26 symptoms. Agreement was achieved in 95.7% of the cases for dichotomous, alcoholic-nonalcoholic diagnoses and in 91% of the cases using a five-category alcoholism diagnostic schema. The feasibility of routinely screening for and diagnosing alcohol-related problems in ambulatory care settings using ADALGO and the NCA criteria is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"137-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18092199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drinking patterns and preferences among heart patients. 心脏病患者的饮酒模式和偏好。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
J J Barboriak, D P Barboriak, A J Anderson, R G Hoffman
{"title":"Drinking patterns and preferences among heart patients.","authors":"J J Barboriak,&nbsp;D P Barboriak,&nbsp;A J Anderson,&nbsp;R G Hoffman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pattern of alcohol consumption and beverage preferences of heart patients were investigated in 3026 men and 760 women who have had coronary arteriography due to symptoms of coronary heart disease. The younger male heart patients (less than 40 years old) as a group had higher proportion of abstainers and heavy drinkers (more than six drinks daily) than the age-matched reference groups from the general population; the opposite was true for male patients over 60 years of age. The preference for hard liquor (more than 50% of total alcohol intake) tended to rise with age and extent of coronary artery occlusion. Wine as a preferred beverage was reported by approximately 10% of the male patients. The female patients had about twice as high prevalence of abstainers as the male patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"293-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18353253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between prevalence of alcohol problems and socioeconomic conditions among Oklahoma Native Americans. 俄克拉何马州印第安人酒精问题患病率与社会经济条件之间的关系
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
R Stratton
{"title":"Relationship between prevalence of alcohol problems and socioeconomic conditions among Oklahoma Native Americans.","authors":"R Stratton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oklahoma Indian tribes are ranked according to five problem drinking indicators and five socioeconomic indices. The relationship between the tribes' prevalence of alcohol problems and socioeconomic conditions is examined. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions predicted high rates of alcohol problems, but more favorable conditions did not predict low rates. Social controls may be more important than socioeconomic conditions in controlling alcohol problems among Oklahoma Native Americans. In a previously published study we found that Native American tribes in Oklahoma varied dramatically in the extent to which they suffered from alcohol problems. In this followup study we have sought explanation for these large differences by comparing the socioeconomic conditions of the tribes to their rates of alcohol related problems. The relationship between socioeconomic conditions and alcohol problems has received considerable attention in the literature. Popham, et. al. found that when the price of beverage alcohol relative to average disposable (real) income is high, indices of alcohol consumption and alcoholism are usually low, and vice versa. In a similar vein, Edwards et. al. suggested that alcoholism is likely to increase the risk of death more in upperclass than in lowerclass alcoholics. On the other hand, others have blamed economic deprivations for high rates of problem drinking, especially among disadvantaged minorities. Price suggested that Indian societies which had little access to economic opportunities have more drinking problems than those with great access. Caravedo found that socioeconomic deprivation is a primary factor in both the etiology and the medical consequences of alcoholism.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"315-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18353255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive effects on alcohol pharmacokinetics in caucasian females. 月经周期和口服避孕药对白种人女性酒精药代动力学的影响。
Currents in alcoholism Pub Date : 1981-01-01
A R Zeiner, P S Kegg
{"title":"Menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive effects on alcohol pharmacokinetics in caucasian females.","authors":"A R Zeiner,&nbsp;P S Kegg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the relationship between oral contraceptives, day of menstrual cycle and alcohol pharmacokinetics in 20 Caucasian females. Peak blood alcohol concentration was higher and clearance rates were faster on Day 1 (when hormonal levels were low) than on Day 24. No pill subjects reached a higher BAC than did pill subjects on Day 24 but not on Day 1. Clearance rates of no pill subjects were faster on Day 24 than for pill subjects. Results suggest that female sex steroids, directly or indirectly, reduce peak BAC and slow clearance rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":75769,"journal":{"name":"Currents in alcoholism","volume":"8 ","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18353258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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