Priscilla Dinkar Moyya, Mythili Asaithambi, A. K. Ramaniharan
{"title":"RADIOMICS BASED BREAST MALIGNANCY INDEX TO DIFFERENTIATE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES DUE TO NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY","authors":"Priscilla Dinkar Moyya, Mythili Asaithambi, A. K. Ramaniharan","doi":"10.34107/yhpn9422.04219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn9422.04219","url":null,"abstract":"The leading cause of deaths among women in the world is Breast Cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) offers effective treatment results, thus reducing tumor aggression and allowing treatment monitoring. The Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI plays a vital role in assessing the treatment response due to NAC. However, quantifying the treatment response in low-grade tumours is visually challenging. Radiomics is an evolving field of medical imaging that reflects the histopathological variations in breast tissues. Integrating radiomics with breast DCE-MRI provides clinically useful measures in evaluating the NAC response. In this work, we have formulated an index called Radiomics based Breast Malignancy Index (RBMI) using texture and Haar wavelets to differentiate the radiological differences of breast tissue due to NAC. The statistically significant radiomic features extracted from 20 DCE-MR images obtained using TCIA database were used in the calculation of RBMI. Results show that, RBMI could statistically differentiate (p=0.007) the treatment response between visit-1 & 2 due to NAC with mean and standard deviation values of 334706.5949 ± 93952.5123 and 296354.9720 ± 77120.6718 respectively. Hence, RBMI seems to be a clinically adjunct measure in evaluating the treatment response of breast cancer due to NAC.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45179405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janelle A. Cross, Fadumo Mohamud, Carolyn Meinerz, G. Harris, Cody Dziuk, Jessica M. Fritz
{"title":"CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PLANTAR PRESSURE AND JOINT KINEMATICS IN FEMALE RECREATIONAL RUNNERS","authors":"Janelle A. Cross, Fadumo Mohamud, Carolyn Meinerz, G. Harris, Cody Dziuk, Jessica M. Fritz","doi":"10.34107/yhpn9422.04100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn9422.04100","url":null,"abstract":"performed simultaneous assessments of plantar pressure and joint kinematics; however, they have not investigated correlations between these parameters. The goal of this study was to assess relationships between joint kinematics and plantar pressure metrics during stance phase of running. Fifteen female recreational runners participated in this study. Three-dimensional motion analysis and plantar pressure data were collected simultaneously as the subjects ran on an instrumented treadmill. Participants ran at a self-selected speed while maintaining a heart rate (HR) at 70-80% of their maximum HR (max HR = 220 – age). Sagittal and coronal plane motion of the ankle and hip and sagittal plane motion of the knee, along with peak plantar pressure, peak ground reaction force (GRF), force impulse, and pressure impulse were examined. Spearman rho correlation tests were performed to determine correlations among lower extremity joint kinematics and plantar pressure metrics. Positive correlations were found between peak plantar pressure and ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and ankle inversion as well as between running speed and peak GRF. These correlations gave insight into risk factors for injury based on the relationship between plantar pressure metrics and joint kinematics.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42718187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. M. Pedro, E. Oggero, Llc Cheyenne Wy Vestibular Technologies
{"title":"COMORBIDITY CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH REPORTED NECK AND LOW BACK COMPLAINTS - AN OUTPATIENT CLINICAL POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY","authors":"V. M. Pedro, E. Oggero, Llc Cheyenne Wy Vestibular Technologies","doi":"10.34107/yhpn942204159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn942204159","url":null,"abstract":"In clinical practice, a comprehensive history and examination often includes questionnaires covering all systems. Physical examination is augmented by functional assessment using subjective (neck and lumbar disability indexes, NDI and LBDI respectively) and objective measures (computerized dynamic posturography, CDP). In this retrospective chart review of patients with complaints of postural instability and neck or low back pain, the presence and number of comorbidities and their classification were analyzed by age, gender, and severity of the disability. In general subjects showed higher disability in the NDI than in the LBDI (with more significant impact of the proximal vs. distal pain, joint and receptor dysfunction); they had a wide range of CDP results (the more difficult the test, the higher the number of subjects that were not able to complete it and the lower the number that had healthy balance); and on average 3.84 comorbid conditions were present, with 21 subjects presenting with 5 or more, 3 with 10 or more, and one reporting 15 comorbidities. No statistically significant differences were found for age, BMI and LBDI; sex and NDI affected metabolic comorbidities; certain tests of the CDP affected the Musculoskeletal and Other type of comorbidities. It was difficult to detect strong correlation trends that could be easily explained. Complex subjects cases complicate the possibility of doing practice based clinical research, but more importantly they create a challenge for the clinician in deciding the best course of action for treating the patient. New algorithmic assessments and integrated approaches are needed.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42893241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A RF BIOSENSOR DESIGN TO DETECT CHANGES IN SCATTERING PARAMETERS OF AQUEOUS MATERIALS DURING RADIO FREQUENCY WAVE EXPOSURE","authors":"M. Pearson, D. Ewert, R. Striker, B. Braaten","doi":"10.34107/yhpn9422.04290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn9422.04290","url":null,"abstract":"The advancing field of biosensor design continues pushing for smaller, inexpensive, yet accurate sensor designs. A subset of biosensors operating in the radio frequency (RF) range of electromagnetic (EM) waves, called RF biosensors, offer appeal as a non-destructive, non-invasive form of sensing. A novel RF biosensor is proposed which detects changes in scattering parameter measurements of a microliter, aqueous material under test (MUT) held within a well adjacent to a microstrip transmission line. This sensing design measures scattering parameter data and changes in these measurements offer insight into the effects of RF wave exposure on dielectric materials within the well. The following paper describes design considerations and the sensing technique of the proposed RF biosensor. Simulations were run in incremental steps to first, establish the simulation design of a 50-ohm microstrip transmission line using two software packages ADS and Ansys HFSS. Next, experimental measurements were collected by milling the RF biosensor, first using air and then distilled water as the MUT, and finally comparing to simulations to establish validity of the novel sensing device. Next, experimental S-parameter measurements were obtained and compared between the two test cases to determine if a difference could be detected. Both simulated and experimentally obtained measurements suggest the designed RF biosensor can detect changes in the MUT loaded inside its etched well and therefore can be used as a sensing device.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46454730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IN VITRO ANALYSIS OF UNIVERSALLY UTILIZED IMPLANT RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIAL’S IMPACT ON THE ARCHITECTURAL STABILITY OF GINGIVAL FIBROBLASTS IN THE PRESENCE OF A COMMON ENDOTOXIN","authors":"A. Garner, M. Tucci, H. Benghuzzi","doi":"10.34107/yhpn9422.0486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn9422.0486","url":null,"abstract":"Dental implants have been utilized in the last several decades to replace missing teeth. Various factors may result in the loss of teeth. The most common causes of tooth loss are often caries or periodontal disease. The use of a dental implant restored with a porcelain fused to metal crown is often the standard. The purpose of this study was to assess the architectural integrity of gingival fibroblasts at the cellular level when exposed to universally utilized restorative dental material; porcelain, in the presence of a periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-PG). Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to Porcelain (.1 g) in combination with LPS-PG (10 μL), at 24, 48, and 72 hour durations. When assessing for cellular metabolic activity and viability, no significant differences were noted between the control and experimental groups. Contrastingly, when assessing for oxidative stress, the experimental groups were statistically significantly different from the control at the 48 and 72 hour phases (P<0.001). H&E staining of the experimental groups showed irregular shaped cells with loss of density, vacuolization, coarse cytoplasm, and hyperchromatic nuclei.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TRENDS IN BIOENGINEERING PATENTS GRANTED 2000 - 2019","authors":"J. Pasek","doi":"10.34107/yhpn9422.0461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/yhpn9422.0461","url":null,"abstract":"Patent documents contain a wealth of technical information on inventions, often unavailable elsewhere. They are likely underutilized as sources of information about trends in fields of development. Querying patent databases can be challenging, given the inadequacy of keywords and the complex nature of patent classification systems. A collection of Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) main codes were identified that likely relate to patents in bioengineering and biomedical engineering. These codes were used in queries of the free patent search engine that is available from a Lens.org database. Results were filtered for applications or granted patents by patent families to identify trends in inventions within the field from 2000 to 2019. A patent family represents the collection of documents relating to a single invention given that applications are frequently filed in multiple countries. Although patent applications and unique inventions remained steady, the annual number of patents granted has increased from 2000 to 2016. A decline in numbers of granted patents since 2016 is indicative of the lag time of several years between application filing and a determination of patent status. Applicants with high productivity in obtaining granted patents include large international companies as well as some large universities.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48233961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addition of Glutamine in the Human Platelets Could Prevent Toxic Effect of Ultraviolet-C Induced Platelets Activation","authors":"M. Mushtaq","doi":"10.11648/J.BS.20210701.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.BS.20210701.17","url":null,"abstract":"The primary function of platelets is to prevent bleeding. Transfusion of platelets can be prophylactic or therapeutic. From the storage perspective of blood and blood components, standard protocols are followed around the world to ensure the safe operation of blood banks. The Use of UV-C light in treating platelets has become a valuable method for storage and efficacy of platelets concentration in the blood bank. However, its deleterious effect remains, such as activation of platelets, thus losing their physiological function. In this study we intend to demonstrate that addition of glutamine in the platelets concentrate could prevent the toxic effect of UV-C. This study was conducted using human or mouse platelets. Use of positive and negative control in all experiment were ensured to validate the findings. In vitro thrombus formations was assessed before and after exposure of platelets to appropriate dose of UV-C. To assess the cytotoxic effect of 50 mM of glutamine on the platelets, methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) was used to validate the viability effect. We have successfully demonstrated that physiological damages done during the exposure of platelet concentrate to UV-C could be alleviated by the use of glutamine. Our study demonstrated that the toxic effect of UV-C on the platelets could be preserved by adding appropriate concentration of glutamine.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82704943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Song Wang, Mei-lan Su, Ming-hong Zhang, Yan-xue Guo, Shuhong Han, Hongmei Wu, Y. Duan, Jing Guan, Zhong-hui Zou, Zubin Yin
{"title":"Analysis of Clinical and Psychological Characteristics on Mild and Severe COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Song Wang, Mei-lan Su, Ming-hong Zhang, Yan-xue Guo, Shuhong Han, Hongmei Wu, Y. Duan, Jing Guan, Zhong-hui Zou, Zubin Yin","doi":"10.11648/J.BS.20210701.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.BS.20210701.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is threatening human physical and mental health. The features of mild and severe cases of COVID-19 may be different, and the impact of psychological intervention is not clear. It is necessary to analyze clinical and psychological characteristics of COVID-19 patients simultaneously. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and psychological differences between mild and severe COVID-19 patients and determine the efficacy of psychological intervention on the patients. Methods: Clinical and psychological data of the patients with COVID-19 were collected. The patients were grouped into mild and severe groups according to their clinical symptoms, and subdivided into psychological intervention group and non-psychological intervention group according to whether they received psychological intervention. The efficiency of psychological interventions in patients with emotional disorder was further explored. Results: 162 participants were included in this study (severe group: 41 patients, mild group: 121 patients), 72 of them received psychological assessment. The demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of mild and severe cases were quite different. Most patients in both groups showed mild to moderate anxiety and depression at admission. After psychological intervention for about three weeks, psychological scale scores (HAMA and HAMD score) of patients in the psychological intervention group (n=54) were significantly lower than those in the non-psychological intervention group (n=18) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Early psychological intervention can significantly improve the emotional state of COVID-19 patients. Comprehensive treatments comprising combined clinical and psychological interventions may be effective in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The physical and mental health of COVID-19 patients requires long-term follow-up.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91343143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akinseye Janet Fumilayo, Adedokun Samuel Adeyinka, Adewuyi Isaac Kayode, Agunlejika Richard Adedokun, Thomas Hosea Zagi, Ayuba Sunday Buru
{"title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Species and Other Intestinal Parasites Among HIV Infected Patients at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria","authors":"Akinseye Janet Fumilayo, Adedokun Samuel Adeyinka, Adewuyi Isaac Kayode, Agunlejika Richard Adedokun, Thomas Hosea Zagi, Ayuba Sunday Buru","doi":"10.11648/J.BS.20210701.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.BS.20210701.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cryptosporidiosis though an opportunistic infection in HIV infected patients, increases the mortality and morbidity to the diseases by its effect suppression of the immune system, our quest is to highlights the clinical correlation of diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals and the economic losses associated with managing infected individuals. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 96 subjects. Their personal information regarding their names, sex, age was also obtained. The stool samples were processed for non-opportunistic parasite using the direct and formol-ether concentration method. For Cryptosporidium, Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Technique was used. A total of ninety-six confirmed HIV individuals were enrolled for this study. Results: The mean age of the patients was 24.7 years with the youngest been 3 years old and the eldest 58 years old. 77 (74%) were females while 22 (23%) were males. Table 1 shows the general characteristics of the HIV subjects recruited into the study. The distribution of intestinal parasites detected in patient’s stool is shown in Table 2. Of the 96 stool samples examined, intestinal parasites were seen in 87 samples, while 9 samples showed absence of parasites. The diagnosed parasitic infections were: Cryptosporidium spp (54.2%), A. lumbricoides (9.4%), Hookworm (5.2%), E. histolytica (3.1%), S. stercoralis (1%) and Teania spp (1%). Double parasitic infections with Cryptosporidium were observed in 13 (13.5%) HIV/AIDS patients stool samples. Regarding age and sex distribution of the participants, there were 74 (77%) females and 22 (23%) males. Males (68.2%) were more infected than females (55.4%) but the difference was not statistically significant. Table 3 shows relationship between intestinal parasitic infection and diarrhea in the HIV/AIDS patients. 45 (86.5%) of patients with Cryptosporidium infection presented with diarrhea. Conclusion: The association between diarrhea and Cryptosporidium infection was statistically significant. It may be concluded that in HIV infected patients, both opportunistic intestinal parasitic infections are prevalent.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90821915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Combined Killing Effect of DC and CIK Cells on Gastric Cancer Stem Cells","authors":"Zhang Lin, Hou Yanhong, Z. Jian, Wang Yanmei","doi":"10.11648/J.BS.20210701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.BS.20210701.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most fatal malignant tumors in China. Gastric cancer stem cells are the key factors of tumor recurrence and metastasis. In recent years, immunotherapy for gastric cancer stem cells has become a research hotspot. Objective: to preliminarily verify the combined killing effect of DC and CIK cells on gastric cancer stem cells. To evaluate the effect of DC-CIK cells as a potential therapeutic agents for gastric cancer. Methods: Based on human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901, gastric cancer stem cells were isolated and cultured by immunomagnetic beads. The cytotoxicity of DC-CIK effector cells to gastric cancer stem cells was investigated by 51Cr killing test. The cell cycle and apoptosis of tumor stem cells were detected by flow cytometry. Then the comparisions of the cytotoxicity activity between DC-CIK and CIK only was conducted. Results: the gastric cancer stem cells isolated and cultured by CD44 and CD133 immunomagnetic beads sorting method met the research requirements. 51Cr cell killing test results showed that the killing rate of DC-CIK combined as effector cells on gastric cancer SGC7901 stem cell line was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). After DC-CIK effector cells treatment, the apoptosis rate of tumor stem cells increased significantly. Conclusion: preliminary in vitro experiments show that DC-CIK cells combined as effector cells have obvious killing effect on gastric cancer stem cells, which could has potential clinical application value for controlling recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81527320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}