Atomic energy review最新文献_第2页

Multielement and automated radiochemical separation procedures for activation analysis. 用于活化分析的多元素和自动放射化学分离程序。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1976-09-01

F Girardi, R Pietra

引用次数: 0

Radioactive colloidal solutions and suspensions for medical use. 医用放射性胶体溶液和悬浮液。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1976-03-01

N B Mikheev

引用次数: 0

Gamma-ray spectrometry data collection and reduction by simple computing systems. 用简单的计算系统收集和还原伽马射线能谱数据。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1975-12-01

J Op de Beeck

{"title":"Gamma-ray spectrometry data collection and reduction by simple computing systems.","authors":"J Op de Beeck","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The review summarizes the present state of the involvement of relatively small computing devices in the collection and processing of gamma-ray spectrum data. An economic and utilitarian point of view has been chosen with regard to data collection in order to arrive at practically valuable conclusions in terms of feasibility of possible configurations with respect to their eventual application. A unified point of view has been adopted with regard to data processing by developing an information theoretical approach on a more or less intuitive level in an attempt to remove the largest part of the virtual disparity between the several processing methods described in the literature. A synoptical introduction to the most important mathematical methods has been incorporated, together with a detailed theoretical description of the concept gamma-ray spectrum. In accordance with modern requirements, the discussions are mainly oriented towards high-resolution semiconductor detector-type spectra. The critical evaluation of the processing methods reviewed is done with respect to a set of predefined criteria. Smoothing, peak detection, peak intensity determination, overlapping peak resolving and detection and upper limits are discussed in great detail. A preferred spectrum analysis method combining powerful data reduction properties with extreme simplicity and speed of operation is suggested. The general discussion is heavily oriented towards activation analysis application, but other disciplines making use of gamma-ray spectrometry will find the material presented equally useful. Final conclusions are given pointing to future developments and shifting their centre of gravity towards improving the quality of the measurements rather than expanding the use of tedious and sophisticated mathematical techniques requiring the limits of available computational power.","PeriodicalId":75570,"journal":{"name":"Atomic energy review","volume":"13 4","pages":"743-805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11966463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusion power and the environment. 核聚变能源和环境。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1975-09-01

F N Flakus

引用次数: 0

The use of reference materials in the elemental analysis of biological samples. 参考物质在生物样品元素分析中的应用。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1975-09-01

H J Bowen

{"title":"The use of reference materials in the elemental analysis of biological samples.","authors":"H J Bowen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Reference materials (RMs) are useful to compare the accuracy and precision of laboratories and techniques. The desirable properties of biological reference materials are listed, and the problems of production, homogenization and storage described. At present there are only 10 biological RMs available compared with 213 geological and 520 metallurgical RMs. There is a need for more biological RMs including special materials for microprobe analysis and for in vivo activation analysis. A study of 650 mean values for elements in RM Kale, analysed by many laboratories, leads to the following conclusions. 61% of the values lie within +/- 10% of the best mean, and 80% lie within +/- 20% of the best mean. Atomic absorption spectrometry gives results that are 5-30% high for seven elements, while instrumental neutron activation analysis gives low and imprecise results for K. Other techniques with poor interlaboratory precision include neutron activation for Mg, polarography for Zn and arc-spectrometry for many elements. More than half the values for elements in Kale were obtained by neutron activation, confirming the importance of this technique and the need for RMs. As a rough estimate, 6 X 10(9) elemental analyses of biological materials are carried out each year, mostly by medical, agricultural and food scientists. It seems likely that a substantial percentage of these are inaccurate, a situation that might be improved by quality control using standard RMs.","PeriodicalId":75570,"journal":{"name":"Atomic energy review","volume":"13 3","pages":"451-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12389986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The management of radioactive wastes resulting from emergency situations on land and sea. 管理因陆地和海上紧急情况而产生的放射性废物。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1975-06-01

J A Morrison

{"title":"The management of radioactive wastes resulting from emergency situations on land and sea.","authors":"J A Morrison","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The term 'emergency' applies to unplanned events that have generated, or had the potential to generate, radioactive wastes that could not be handled locally. Reports of past emergencies form the basis for discussion of future trends in emergency situations, the factors that influence waste management, the technology of waste management and personnel requirements. The number of past emergencies has been small and these have not increased the volume of radioactive wastes significantly. The majority of future emergencies are likely to be associated with reactors as they have been in the past. Little change in the nature of the waste is expected, although the greater use of separated plutonium may create some new problems. The factors that influence emergency waste management fall into two categories, those that are concerned with the location of the emergency event, and those concerned with the characteristics of the wastes. As in the past, it can be expected that in most emergencies proven waste management techniques will be adapted to suit the local circumstances but there is a need for simpler and more economic methods. Trained personnel and comprehensive planning are cited as key factors in successful waste management operations.","PeriodicalId":75570,"journal":{"name":"Atomic energy review","volume":"13 2","pages":"413-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12326566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radioactive contamination of the environment and the possible consequences. 环境的放射性污染和可能的后果。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1975-06-01

V A Knizhnikov, R M Barkhudarov

引用次数: 0

The alpha radioactivity of marine organisms. 海洋生物的α放射性。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1974-01-01

R D Cherry, L V Shannon

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the assessment of genetic hazards of ionizing radiation. 电离辐射遗传危害评估的最新进展。

Atomic energy review Pub Date : 1974-01-01

K Sankaranarayanan