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Effects of spinal cord stimulation on spasticity and spasms secondary to myelopathy. 脊髓刺激对痉挛和继发性脊髓病痉挛的影响。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099381
G Barolat, J B Myklebust, W Wenninger
{"title":"Effects of spinal cord stimulation on spasticity and spasms secondary to myelopathy.","authors":"G Barolat,&nbsp;J B Myklebust,&nbsp;W Wenninger","doi":"10.1159/000099381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>16 subjects with severe spasms secondary to traumatic and nontraumatic myelopathy underwent epidural spinal cord stimulation. 4 patients had a complete motor and sensory spinal cord lesion. 6 of the subjects with an incomplete spinal cord lesion were ambulatory. All patients had previously undergone extensive trials with medications and physical therapy. All 14 subjects in whom a satisfactory placement of the electrode could be obtained had a reduction in the severity of the spasms. In 6 patients, the spasms were almost abolished. Extremity, trunkal and abdominal spasms were affected. Clonus in the upper extremities was consistently reduced. Marked improvement in bladder and bowel function was observed in each of 2 subjects. In over 1-year follow-up, 5 subjects show persistence of the results, with less stimulation required to maintain the therapeutic effects. No neurological deterioration occurred following the procedure or after long-term spinal stimulation. 1 patient showed after several months of continuous stimulation increased voluntary motor control present only when spinal cord stimulation was activated. Complications included 1 system infection, 1 electrode migration, 1 wire breakage and skin breakdown at a connector site, development of high impedance in 1 electrode and 1 skin breakdown over the lead.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 1","pages":"29-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14388122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 52
Successful treatment of phantom pain with dorsal root entry zone coagulation. 背根入区凝血术成功治疗幻肢痛。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099962
S C Saris, R P Iacono, B S Nashold
{"title":"Successful treatment of phantom pain with dorsal root entry zone coagulation.","authors":"S C Saris,&nbsp;R P Iacono,&nbsp;B S Nashold","doi":"10.1159/000099962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied 22 patients with amputation due to trauma, gangrene, or cancer. All developed postamputation pain, underwent a dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) procedure, and were followed from 6 months to 4 years after surgery. Overall, only 8 (36%) of these 22 patients had pain relief. However, good results were obtained in 6 (67%) of 9 patients with phantom pain alone, and in 5 (83%) of 6 patients with traumatic amputations associated with root avulsion. Poor results were obtained in patients with both phantom and stump pain, or stump pain alone. The DREZ procedure has a well-defined, but limited role in the treatment of postamputation pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"188-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099962","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14515246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Involuntary movements of the lower extremity following dorsal root entry zone lesions in a man treated for phantom limb pain. 下肢不自主运动后背根进入区病变在一个男人治疗幻肢痛。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099965
A Tourian, R Iacono, B Nashold, B Urban, D Sanders
{"title":"Involuntary movements of the lower extremity following dorsal root entry zone lesions in a man treated for phantom limb pain.","authors":"A Tourian,&nbsp;R Iacono,&nbsp;B Nashold,&nbsp;B Urban,&nbsp;D Sanders","doi":"10.1159/000099965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A patient developed continuous patterned involuntary movements of abduction-adduction, flexion-extension of his right lower extremity following surgical placement of spinal dorsal root entry zone lesions for the treatment of phantom limb pain. The stereotype movements were monitored by video and electromyographic recording of quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscles. Administration of para-chlorophenylbutyric acid (baclofen) dramatically stopped the involuntary movements and electromyographic silence ensued. Voluntary muscle movements were preserved. The theoretical implications of this unique movement disorder and central patterning of motor activity within the spinal cord are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"212-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099965","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14515249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiofrequency lesion generation and its effect on tissue impedance. 射频损伤的产生及其对组织阻抗的影响。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099968
E R Cosman, W J Rittman, B S Nashold, T T Makachinas
{"title":"Radiofrequency lesion generation and its effect on tissue impedance.","authors":"E R Cosman,&nbsp;W J Rittman,&nbsp;B S Nashold,&nbsp;T T Makachinas","doi":"10.1159/000099968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The method of radiofrequency heat lesion generation is reviewed with specific reference to the dorsal root entry zone. Experimental data on the impedance of electrolytic media as a function of temperature are reported, and their relation to what should be observed during radiofrequency lesioning in the body is commented upon. The future utility of impedance monitoring is discussed as well as possible implications of bipolar lesion electrode systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"230-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14515252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Dorsal root entry zone lesions in the treatment of pain following brachial plexus avulsion, spinal cord injury and herpes zoster. 背根进入区病变在治疗臂丛撕脱伤、脊髓损伤和带状疱疹后疼痛中的应用。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099959
A H Friedman, E Bullitt
{"title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions in the treatment of pain following brachial plexus avulsion, spinal cord injury and herpes zoster.","authors":"A H Friedman,&nbsp;E Bullitt","doi":"10.1159/000099959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper details the long-term results in patients treated with dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesions for the treatment of pain following brachial plexus avulsion, spinal cord injury, and herpes zoster. With our current operative technique, 82% of patients with brachial plexus avulsion injuries were afforded long-term pain relief. Patients with pain confined to dermatomes just below the level of spinal injury also did well with DREZ lesions, although the results were less good in patients with diffuse pain or with sacral pain. The postoperative results in patients with postherpetic pain were disappointing.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"164-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14516171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 60
Normal anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord dorsal horn. 脊髓背角的正常解剖学和生理学。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099951
A R Light
{"title":"Normal anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord dorsal horn.","authors":"A R Light","doi":"10.1159/000099951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dorsal horn of the spinal cord receives afferent input from innocuous primary afferent neurons via collaterals from the dorsal columns. This input is integrated and relayed primarily by neurons in laminae III-VI. Dorsal horn neurons which encode innocuous inputs project to the medulla and the cervical spinal cord via the dorsal columns and the dorsolateral funiculus. Nociceptive primary afferent neurons enter the spinal dorsal horn via collaterals from Lissauer's tract. Nociceptive input is integrated and relayed by neurons in laminae I, II and V which project to the reticular formation and thalamus via the anterolateral tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099951","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14417986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Neurochemistry of the dorsal horn. 背角的神经化学。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099952
B Blumenkopf
{"title":"Neurochemistry of the dorsal horn.","authors":"B Blumenkopf","doi":"10.1159/000099952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dorsal horn region of the spinal cord, particularly the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ), represents the first central integration center for nociceptive afferent impulses. Here, the excitatory neurotransmitters/modulators, products of the primary sensory neurons, are released, the segmental interneuronal influences pertain, and the descending bulbospinal tracts terminate. A vast variety of compounds are thus involved in the processing of nociceptive information in these areas, among which are the 'classical' neurotransmitters and the more recently described neuropeptides. A continued vast interest exists concerning the chemistry of the dorsal horn/DREZ region. The current developments and understanding regarding the pharmacology of this region are presented. Particular emphasis is given to the interactions among the various compounds, the coexistence of some of these within single neuronal populations, the importance of the opiate receptor subtypes, and the actions and localizations of some of the newly discovered neuropeptides.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 2-5","pages":"89-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14034289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Immunology of transplantation in the central nervous system. 中枢神经系统移植的免疫学。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099973
H E Fuchs, D E Bullard
{"title":"Immunology of transplantation in the central nervous system.","authors":"H E Fuchs,&nbsp;D E Bullard","doi":"10.1159/000099973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brain has long been considered an immunologically privileged site. Tissue transplanted to the central nervous system (CNS) is immunologically better tolerated than grafts to other regions of the body. With improved graft survival, tissue transplantation may provide new treatment options for previously incurable CNS disorders. The normal immune response is reviewed, followed by a discussion of the factors responsible for graft rejection. The modification of these factors to allow successful CNS transplantation is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 6","pages":"278-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14180739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Trigeminal neuralgia in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with high cervical spinal cord stimulation. Case report. 高颈脊髓刺激治疗多发性硬化症患者的三叉神经痛。病例报告。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000099978
G Barolat, R L Knobler, F D Lublin
{"title":"Trigeminal neuralgia in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with high cervical spinal cord stimulation. Case report.","authors":"G Barolat,&nbsp;R L Knobler,&nbsp;F D Lublin","doi":"10.1159/000099978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000099978","url":null,"abstract":"A 42-year-old male with advanced multiple sclerosis had severe left-sided trigeminal neuralgia in the maxillary and mandibular divisions that was extremely difficult to control with medications. Glycerol injection in the gasserian cystern provided only temporary results. Two electrodes were implanted epidurally at the C1-2 level, one in the midline and the other to the left of midline. Electrical stimulation produced complete relief from the painful paroxysms.","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 6","pages":"333-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000099978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14390542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
Confinia Neurologica/Applied Neurophysiology. 50 years later. 应用神经生理学，50年后。
Applied neurophysiology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
T Karger
{"title":"Confinia Neurologica/Applied Neurophysiology. 50 years later.","authors":"T Karger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75525,"journal":{"name":"Applied neurophysiology","volume":"51 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14417979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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