Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum最新文献

{"title":"Compliance with antipsychotic drug treatment: influence of side effects.","authors":"W W Fleischhacker,&nbsp;U Meise,&nbsp;V Günther,&nbsp;M Kurz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addition to other factors such as type and duration of treatment, patient- and illness-related variables and other psychosocial features, side effects are known to exert a significant influence on the compliance with antipsychotic treatment. This has been demonstrated for extrapyramidal motor side effects and akathisia, sedation, weight gain and sexual dysfunctions. Other adverse events interfering with the patients' social roles also interfere with the patients' willingness to comply with treatment. It is important to acknowledge this not only in the acute treatment of schizophrenia but especially during maintenance and prophylactic treatment. Compliance can be considerably improved by a) adequately informing the patient about the risks and nature of side effects and b) by recognizing and treating side effects, since prevention of adverse events is not easily achieved. An underestimation of the influence of side effects on compliance will often lead to treatment failures that are erroneously attributed to treatment resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"382 ","pages":"11-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18912464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton. Phobic disorders.","authors":"C L Dick,&nbsp;B Sowa,&nbsp;R C Bland,&nbsp;S C Newman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>3258 randomly selected adult household residents of the city of Edmonton were interviewed by trained lay interviewers using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Using DMS-III criteria, hierarchy-free, the lifetime prevalence for all phobias was 8.9%. Rates for women (11.7%) were almost twice those for men (6.1%). The age at which first phobic symptoms had been reported by 50% of subjects was 12 years for men and 6 years for women. High rates of comorbidity with depression, alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder were found in all types of phobia, an important point in clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"376 ","pages":"36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19169034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New perspectives on biological treatment of schizophrenia.","authors":"O Lingjaerde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research seems to indicate that many schizophrenics suffer from a defective brain development, which is reflected by basic disturbances in cognitive, information-processing, volitional and emotional functions. Positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions may be secondary to the more basic disturbances. Varying degrees of defective brain development places a ceiling on the functional improvement that can be obtained in this illness. However, whereas positive symptoms usually respond best to neuroleptics, even negative symptoms can be improved, for instance by clozapine. To obtain such improvement, it seems necessary, in addition to blocking dopamine D2 receptors, to influence other receptor systems, as for instance serotonergic 5HT-2 and possibly dopaminergic D1 and/or D4 receptors. Stimulation of glutamatergic NMDA receptors also seems to be a promising possibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"384 ","pages":"102-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18876916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social network and behaviour problems among 11-13-year-old schoolchildren. A theoretical and empirical basis for network therapy.","authors":"L Svedhem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the basis of theories concerning the relation of the social network to health and behaviour (e.g., social ecology, systems theory, and susceptibility theory), a theoretical model has been developed to understand the influence of the social network on children's behaviour problems in school. In western societies, children may participate in a number of different groups, such as the family, and school, neighbours, and so on. These groups may have different values, ideals and norms, etc. such differences may be assumed to promote the child's development, but they may also give rise to difficulties. The extent to which the persons in these groups know one another is assumed to be of vital importance in this regard. Contacts between the various persons in the different groups in the child's network are called spans and a network with a few of these is called a fragmented network. The main purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that children with behaviour problems in school have fragmented networks. The networks of schoolchildren aged 11-13 years from various groups of schoolchildren from the general population (the main study comprised 190 boys and girls) were studied with the help of a method consisting of a network map of the children's everyday social networks, which they had to fill in. This method was tested by studying the relation of the network variables to the background variables, by means of comparisons with sociograms and classmates network maps, comparisons with information from the parents, by retesting and also by means of a structured interview with the children and a questionnaire sent to teachers and parents. The method was found to be usable for describing the child's 'inner picture' of its social network, which also seems to agree to some extent with the views held by other persons who know the child well. Rutter's teacher's questionnaire, after it was tested for validity and reliability under Swedish conditions, has been used as a screening instrument for behaviour problems in schools. The 32 children with behaviour problems in school, according to Rutter's teacher's questionnaire, were compared with the remaining 158. The findings support the hypothesis that was advanced--namely, that the problem children have fragmented networks. In view of the results obtained, which also support the theory advanced, a case study is reported concerning a model for clinical interventions in the form of network therapy for children with behaviour problems in school and who have fragmented networks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"381 ","pages":"1-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19041965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton. Major depressive disorder.","authors":"D Spaner,&nbsp;R C Bland,&nbsp;S C Newman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A random sample of 3258 adult household residents of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, were interviewed by trained lay interviewers, using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), which generated DSM-III diagnosis data. This paper reports results for major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD was found to affect women more than men by a ratio of nearly 2 to 1. The lifetime prevalence rate for both sexes combined was 8.6%. The period prevalence rates for both sexes combined were 3.2% and 4.6%, for six month and one year, respectively. The presence of a recurrent Major Depressive Disorder was associated with an increased risk of substance abuse, panic disorder and dysthymia, whereas a single major depressive episode was not associated with increased comorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"376 ","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19168991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression: Preventive and Risk Factors. Proceedings of the VIII Medical Symposium of the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation. Porvoo, Finland, June 15-17, 1992.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"377 ","pages":"1-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18913387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton: phenomenology and comorbidity. Introduction.","authors":"R C Bland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"376 ","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19168988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic epidemiology. On the occasion of Professor Fini Schulsinger's 70th birthday.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"370 ","pages":"1-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19436082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rigidity, sensitivity and quality of attachment: the role of maternal rigidity in the early socio-emotional development of premature infants.","authors":"P R Butcher,&nbsp;A F Kalverboer,&nbsp;R B Minderaa,&nbsp;E F van Doormaal,&nbsp;Y ten Wolde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The associations between a mother's rigidity, her sensitivity in early (3 month) interaction and the quality of her premature infant's attachment at 13 months were investigated. Rigidity as a personality characteristic was not found to be significantly associated with sensitivity or quality of attachment. Rigid attitudes to child rearing were related to sensitivity and to the responsivity of the infant. Rigid attitudes were not related to security of attachment. Infants who were rated less responsive at 3 months, however, tended to be less securely attached, and high Attitude Rigidity in the mother increased their chances of an insecure attachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"375 ","pages":"1-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19145695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scales for assessment of diagnosis and severity of mental disorders.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75416,"journal":{"name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"372 ","pages":"1-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19303213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}