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Environmental contamination with helminth infective stages implicated in water and foodborne diseases. 环境污染与寄生虫感染阶段涉及水和食源性疾病。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Maria Doligalska, Katarzyna Donskow
{"title":"Environmental contamination with helminth infective stages implicated in water and foodborne diseases.","authors":"Maria Doligalska,&nbsp;Katarzyna Donskow","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of parasites increased followed the rapid growing of human population on the Earth. Zoonoses with other medical disorders such allergy accompanied to the parasitic infection are under very carefull investigation. A zoonosis can be transmitted from animals to humans in various ways, depending on life cycle of parasite, the kind of hosts and geographical distribution of species. There are many diseases that can be linked to transmission from not only domestic but also from wild animals (for example Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxocara, Anisakis). The greater abundance of wild animals may contribute to the wider distribution and increasing prevalence of their parasites (red fox for Echinococcus multilocularis or Trichinella britovi). Zoonotic infections can be transmissed directly from environment when infective stages of parasite contamine water or food. Very important source of zoonoses in humans comes also from foodstuffs of animal origin. Environmental contamination with helminth infective stages needs regular indication for recognition of parasitic species under molecular data and improvement of effective measures to prevent of human zoonotic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 Suppl ","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24447606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of air-ions on selected microorganisms. 空气离子对选定微生物的影响。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Andrzej Wiszniewski, Magdalena Szczygieł, Sławomir Hudyi
{"title":"Influence of air-ions on selected microorganisms.","authors":"Andrzej Wiszniewski,&nbsp;Magdalena Szczygieł,&nbsp;Sławomir Hudyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the following work the influence of air-ions and ozone on the selected microorganisms, first of all on Staphylococcus epidermidis is discussed. Carried out investigations proved that the levels of air-ions concentrations, causing specific changes in the development of particular microorganisms, are very differentiated and depend on individual parameters of those organisms. These levels are generally characterized by high values of concentrations, range n +/- =4 x 10(6) ions/cm3 and are connected with the type of the air-ions used. However investigations did not confirm any negative influence of the positive air-ions seen as a destructive factor upon any of the investigated microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 2","pages":"201-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24056021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The factor C3 conversion in human complement by smooth Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharides. 平滑型福氏志贺氏菌脂多糖在人补体中的C3因子转化。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Rafał Fudała, Włodzimierz Doroszkiewicz, Joanna Niedbach, Andrzej Gamian, Andrej Weintraub, Wiesław Kaca
{"title":"The factor C3 conversion in human complement by smooth Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharides.","authors":"Rafał Fudała,&nbsp;Włodzimierz Doroszkiewicz,&nbsp;Joanna Niedbach,&nbsp;Andrzej Gamian,&nbsp;Andrej Weintraub,&nbsp;Wiesław Kaca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shigella flexneri rods play an important role in human intestinal infections. In the presented studies we have shown that O-acetyl and glucose residues, substituted in main GalNAc-Rha chains of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are important for the bactericidal effect of human serum. By dot-blot, immunoblotting and ELISA with immobilized LPS we have shown correlation of C3 fragments deposition and serum resistance. LPSs isolated from a serum-sensitive strain deposited more C3 fragments than LPSs from serum-resistant Shigella flexneri strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 1","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22529165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of trans fatty acids on infant and fetus development. 反式脂肪酸对婴儿和胎儿发育的影响。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Hanna Mojska
{"title":"Influence of trans fatty acids on infant and fetus development.","authors":"Hanna Mojska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trans isomers are formed from cis unsaturated fatty acids during biohydrogenation by rumen microorganisms and by commercial partial hydrogenation during the processing of vegetable and fish oils. Recent estimates indicate that consumers in Western countries may receive from 0.5-2.1% to 2.5% of total energy intake as trans fatty acids. In recent years special attention has been given to the potential impairment of essential fatty acids metabolism to their long-chain metabolites by trans isomers in humans. These long-chain polyunsaturates metabolities are of great physiological importance during prenatal and postnatal development, as essential membrane components and precursors for synthesis of prostaglandins and other eicosanoids. Humans do not synthesise trans isomers of fatty acids so their presence in human milk is based on the maternal diet. Trans fatty acids content in human milk varied between countries from 0.35% in Africa to 7.2% of total fatty acids in Canada as a result of variation in dietary exposure to trans isomers. Although the negative effect of the human milk trans fatty acids on breast-fed infants is not yet well documented, ingested levels of trans fatty acids by infants may reflect current breastfeeding mothers diet and also the early consumed diet during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 Suppl ","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24447608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis against mosquito vectors (Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens). 苏云金芽孢杆菌对媒介蚊(埃及伊蚊和库蚊)的三角洲内毒素比较。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Elzbieta Lonc, Jolanta Kucińska, Katarzyna Rydzanicz
{"title":"Comparative delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis against mosquito vectors (Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens).","authors":"Elzbieta Lonc,&nbsp;Jolanta Kucińska,&nbsp;Katarzyna Rydzanicz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pure crystals of seven Bacillus thuringiensis field isolates from the Lower Silesia region (Poland) were tested against larvae of Aedes aegypti L. and Culex pipiens L. (Culicidae, Diptera). The crystals of OpQ3 phylloplane isolate (belonging to the first biochemical type of B. thuringiensis subsp. japonensis, yoso, jinghongiensis) killed from 68 +/- 7% to 84 +/- 7% of the fourth instar larvae of A. aegypti. The crystals of two other strains (KpF3 and KpC1) of this group caused mortality between 3 +/- 2% and 70 +/- 7%. The LC50 ranged from 3.2 +/- 0.4 to 34.1 +/- 4.8 microg/ml. The effect of B. thulringiensis wratislaviensis H-47 crystals was the lowest with larval mortality from 0% to 17 +/- 3%. No significant (0%-37 +/- 6%) effect of B. thuringiensis crystals on the larvae of C. pipiens was observed. Our results show that the delta-endotoxins of B. thuringiensis act very specifically.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 3","pages":"293-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24179681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rearrangements between differently replicating DNA strands in asymmetric bacterial genomes. 不对称细菌基因组中不同复制DNA链之间的重排。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Dorota Mackiewicz, Paweł Mackiewicz, Maria Kowalczuk, Małgorzata Dudkiewicz, Mirosław R Dudek, Stanisław Cebrat
{"title":"Rearrangements between differently replicating DNA strands in asymmetric bacterial genomes.","authors":"Dorota Mackiewicz,&nbsp;Paweł Mackiewicz,&nbsp;Maria Kowalczuk,&nbsp;Małgorzata Dudkiewicz,&nbsp;Mirosław R Dudek,&nbsp;Stanisław Cebrat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many bacterial genomes are under asymmetric mutational pressure which introduces compositional asymmetry into DNA molecule resulting in many biases in coding structure of chromosomes. One of the processes affected by the asymmetry is translocation changing the position of the coding sequence on chromosome in respect to the orientation on the leading and lagging DNA strand. When analysing sets of paralogs in 50 genomes, we found that the number of observed genes which switched their positions on DNA strand is lowest for genomes with the highest DNA asymmetry. However, the number of orthologs which changed DNA strand increases with the phylogenetic distance between the compared genomes. Nevertheless, there is a fraction of coding sequences that stay on the leading strand in all analysed genomes, whereas there are no sequences that stay always on the lagging strand. Since sequences diverge very fast after switching the DNA strand, this bias in mobility of sequences is responsible, in part, for higher divergence rates among some of coding sequences located on the lagging DNA strand.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 3","pages":"245-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24180251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular techniques to detect and identify protozoan parasites in the environment. 检测和鉴定环境中原生动物寄生虫的分子技术。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Simone M Cacciò
{"title":"Molecular techniques to detect and identify protozoan parasites in the environment.","authors":"Simone M Cacciò","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The environmental route of transmission is important for many protozoan and helminth parasites, with water, soil and food being particularly significant. Both the potential for producing large numbers of transmissive stages and their environmental robustness pose persistent threats to public and veterinary health. The introduction of molecular techniques, in particular those based on the amplification of nucleic acids, has provided researchers with highly sensitive and specific assays for the detection and identification of these pathogens. The application of these techniques to clinical, environmental, and food samples is instrumental for a thorough understanding of the epidemiology of the infection and for the implementation of control measures. Here, the advantages and drawbacks of some molecular techniques (Polymerase Chain Reaction--PCR; Reverse-Transcriptase PCR--RT-PCR; Real-time PCR--qPCR; Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification--NASBA) will be briefly reviewed. Some application of these techniques will be illustrated with reference to two important and widespread human parasites, the apicomplexan Cryptosporidium and the flagellate Giardia.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 Suppl ","pages":"23-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24447122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foodborne and waterborne parasites. 食源性和水源性寄生虫。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Edoardo Pozio
{"title":"Foodborne and waterborne parasites.","authors":"Edoardo Pozio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 72 species of protozoan and helminth parasites can reach humans by food and water, and most of these infections are zoonoses. Some parasites show a cosmopolitan distribution, others a more restricted distribution due to their complex life cycles, which need the presence of one or more intermediate hosts. Of this large number of pathogens, only Toxoplasma gondii can be transmitted to humans by two different ways, i.e., by cysts present in infected meat and by oocysts contaminating food and water. Eleven helminthic species (Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Taenia asiatica, Trichinella spiralis, Tr. nativa, Tr. britovi, Tr. pseudospiralis, Tr. murrelli, Tr nelsoni, Tr. papuae and Tr. zimbabwensis) can grow in meat of different animal species and can be transmitted to humans by the consumption of raw meat or meat products. Twenty trematode species, four cestode species and seven nematode species can infect humans through the consumption of raw sea- and/or fresh-water food (fishes, molluscs, frogs, tadpoles, camarons, crayfishes). Six species of Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar can contaminate food and water. Among the helminths, seven trematode species, seven cestode species and five species of nematodes can reach humans by contaminated food and water. Diagnostic and detection methods that can be carried out routinely on food and water samples are available only for few parasites (Cryptosporidium sp., Giardia sp., Anisakidae, Trichinella sp., Taenia sp.), i.e., for parasites which represent a risk to human populations living in industrialised countries. The majority of food and waterborne infections of parasitic origin are related to poverty, low sanitation, and old food habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 Suppl ","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24447610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of EBV infection with lymphomas. eb病毒感染与淋巴瘤的关系。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Agnieszka Trzcińska, Bogumiła Litwińska
{"title":"Association of EBV infection with lymphomas.","authors":"Agnieszka Trzcińska,&nbsp;Bogumiła Litwińska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnostic reliability of the IgA immunoblot test in the diagnosis of EBV associated lymphomas was examined. Serum samples from patients with clinically diagnosed lymphomas were tested for the presence of EBV specific IgG and IgA antibodies and based on test results the EBV association with lymphoma was estimated. Obtained results indicated that EBV IgA testing may be helpful in diagnosis of EBV association with lymphomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 2","pages":"191-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24056019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of typical and atypical Escherichia coli O157, clinical and food isolates. 典型和非典型大肠杆菌O157临床和食品分离株的表型和分子特征。
Acta microbiologica Polonica Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Beata Sadowska, Jacek Osek, Agnieszka Bonar, Marzena Wieckowska-Szakiel, Wiesława Rudnicka, Barbara Rózalska
{"title":"Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of typical and atypical Escherichia coli O157, clinical and food isolates.","authors":"Beata Sadowska,&nbsp;Jacek Osek,&nbsp;Agnieszka Bonar,&nbsp;Marzena Wieckowska-Szakiel,&nbsp;Wiesława Rudnicka,&nbsp;Barbara Rózalska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enrichment, colony isolation and confirmation are three general phases of a standard diagnostic method. E. coli O 157 (the main member of EHEC group) differs metabolically from other strains of E. coli in a number of ways. Most isolates are slow- or non-fermenters of sorbitol and lack the enzyme beta-glucuronidase (GUD). But, a variety of atypical strains of E. coli O157 (sorbitol-fermenting variants, nonmotile and GUD-positive) have been reported. The discovery of these atypical pathogenic strains brings into question the validity of testing for the pathogen only by biotyping. Using classical cultivation and immunomagnetic separation, we have isolated from food a few atypical E. coli O157 (sorbitol-fermenting strains, GUD positive, nonmotile O157 strain which does not agglutinate with O157 latex and does not produce Shiga toxin). On the other hand, non-O157 VTEC (O26 serotype) producing Shiga toxin was isolated from meat. Molecular markers of E. coli O157 and virulence-associated factors of strains with aberrant biochemical properties were studied by PCR. This method helped us in the final identification of isolates. Since it was suggested that the production of verotoxins (VT) is accompanied by the production of enterohemolysin (Ehly) such correlation has also been evaluated in respect to the collection of VTEC of human, animal and food origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":75388,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Polonica","volume":"52 2","pages":"149-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24055559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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