{"title":"Vital fluorescence microscopy of lysosomes in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages during their interactions with microorganisms and active substances. III. Interactions of macrophages with endozoits of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain and their soluble substance.","authors":"T N Khavkin, I S Freidlin, A K Shustrov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages with lysosomes pinpointed by quinacrine-induced fluorescence were infected with the endozoits of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain (peritoneal exudate of infected mouse), or treated with liquid (acellular) fraction of the same exudate. Dead toxoplasmas ingested by macrophages come into contact with the stained lysosomes of the cell and acquire a diffuse fluorescence. Viable toxoplasmas do not give fluorescence, which means that they do not come into contact with lysosomes, either primary or secondary. This supports the hypothesis that toxoplasmas can prevent lysosomes from fusing with the phagosomes of the host cell. Moderate doses of soluble products of toxoplasmas contained in peritoneal exudate cause an excessive output of macrophage lysosomes which points to the activation of macrophages; high doses of challenge inhibit the phagocytosis of toxoplasmas and damage macrophages. The pathogenicity of toxoplasmas due to their ability to inhibit the fusion of lysosomes and phagosomes and the cellular action of their soluble products is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 1","pages":"9-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18426842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production and antigenic effect of experimental sheep adenovirus vaccines.","authors":"V Pálfi, S Belák","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adenovirus vaccines inactivated and adsorbed with different methods were prepared for the specific control of pneumoenteritis of lambs. Beta-propiolactone and formalin as inactivating agents and aluminium hydroxide gel and DEAE dextran as adjuvants were compared. Vaccines inactivated and adsorbed in different ways provoked practically the same immunological response. Seronegative lambs developed a higher level of antibodies after the administration of monovalent vaccines, than in the case of a bivalent one. It is concluded that inactivated and adsorbed adenovirus vaccines provoke a significant production of antibodies in sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 2","pages":"135-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18426844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Susceptibility of birds to type-B influenza virus.","authors":"J Romváry, J Mészáros, K Barb","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among Zoo birds and migrating wild birds examined serologically during an outbreak due to influenza B virus, 4.1% were found to have serum antibodies to the agent. Evidence of avian susceptibility to the agent was emerging from reisolations of the virus and primary and secondary HI antibody response of the birds in subsequent infection experiments performed on adult pheasants and mallards, as well as one-day-old domestic ducklings and chicks. The virus persisted in the pheasants for at least three weeks, and adult pheasants, mallards and domestic ducklings were found to transmit it by contact to part of their susceptible mates.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 4","pages":"279-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17321072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The procoagulant activity of leukocytes pretreated with radiodetoxified endotoxin.","authors":"T Szilágyi, H Csernyánszky, E Gazdy, L Bertók","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabbits were treated with Escherichia coli 089 endotoxin detoxified by ionizing irradiation (60 Co-gamma). The leukocytes (PMNs in 90%) obtained from rabbits that had been treated with the mother endotoxin elicited a well defined, those obtained from rabbits pretreated with detoxified endotoxin elicited a less pronounced, procoagulant activity. It is suggested that the procoagulant effect may play a part in the mechanism of the local Shwartzman phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 3","pages":"191-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18052801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of conidiation mutants in Trichoderma viride by hyphal anastomosis and protoplast fusion.","authors":"A Bojnanská, M Sipiczki, L Ferenczy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conidiation mutants were isolated from the fungus Trichoderma viride, and tested for complementation by both anastomosis and protoplast fusion. They could be grouped into three classes: (1) colour mutants; (2) mutants with reduced conidiation; and (3) nonconidiating mutants. Several mutants of classes (2) and (3) were incapable of anastomosis, but via protoplast fusion they produced heterokaryons suitable for complementation tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 4","pages":"305-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18207974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enterotoxin production of Yersinia enterocolitica strains.","authors":"D Velin, L Emödy, S Pácsa, T Kontrohr","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eighteen Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup O3, rhamnose negative strains isolated in Hungary from human enteritis, have been studied for enterotoxin production. Freshly isolated strains cultivated at 25 degrees C produced heat stable (ST) enterotoxin demonstrable in sucking mice, whereas strains isolated earlier and maintained in subculture lost their toxin producing capacity. No heat labile enterotoxin (LT) was found in the filtrate of the cultures or in their sonicated lysate. The ST of one strain exerted a dilating effect on the intestinal loop of rabbits. Strains cultured at 37 degrees C produced no toxin. Toxin production was demonstrable in Syncase medium but not in the modified Sakazaki medium. None of the strains caused keratoconjunctivitis; three strains elicited mild conjunctivitis in guinea pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 4","pages":"299-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18475302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Salmonella typhi R-plasmids in Hungary.","authors":"V G László, H Milch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antibiotic sensitivity of 4095 Salmonella typhi strains isolated in Hungary from January, 1974 to June 1979, was tested. Twelve strains derived from one patient and seven chronic carriers were resistant to antibiotics due to R-plasmids. One of the S. typhi strains carried two R-plasmids and the change in the phage type of this strain was caused by one of the plasmids. R-plasmid of the same restrictive property was found in an Escherichia coli strain isolated from the faeces of the corresponding carrier. All of the R-plasmids examined were fi-, E. coli and Shigella flexneri phages were restricted by four R-plasmids, S. typhi phages were restricted by one. R-plasmids belonged to incompatibility groups I1, I2, W and H.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 4","pages":"325-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18475303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunological properties of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase.","authors":"B Eliás","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using purified enzyme in agar gel precipitation, it was shown that staphylococci produce two types of coagulase different in biological action and immunological property. The homologous enzyme is specific for human fibrinogen in strains belonging to phage groups I, II, III and specific for bovine fibrinogen in strains of phage group IV. The heterologous enzyme acts upon bovine fibrinogen in case of strains belonging to phage groups I, II or III, and upon human fibrinogen if they belong to phage group IV. The complete enzyme produces with the serum of the homologous enzyme two precipitation bands in agar gel; one is unidentical, the other identical with the coagulase of strains belonging to any of the phage groups. In a heterologous system, the enzymes of every strain give a single band reaction. The strains isolated from bovine mastitis and typable with phage 116 of phage group II are an exception in that they give a precipitation band in both the homologous and the heterologous systems. These staphylocoagulases show in both systems antigenic identity with the homologous coagulase produced by strain of phage group IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 3","pages":"177-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18454079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Molnár, B Schneider, Y Mándi, S Farkas, I B Holland
{"title":"New mechanism of plasmid curing by psychotropic drugs.","authors":"J Molnár, B Schneider, Y Mándi, S Farkas, I B Holland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methylene blue enhanced the plasmid curing efficiency of chlorpromazine, imipramine and amitriptyline with strains of Escherichia coli K12 carrying F-prime lac or the resistance factor R-144. In contrast, methylene blue inhibited the elimination of plasmids by acridine orange and ethydium bromide at all concentrations tested. Two metabolic derivatives of chlorpromazine, chlorpromazine sulphoxide and 7.8-dioxochlorpromazine had no plasmid curing effect even in the presence of methylene blue. Amitriptyline, 7,8-dioxochlorpromazine and acridine orange were effective inhibitors of the conjugal transfer of the resistance plasmid, R-144, whilst methylene blue, chlorpromazine sulphoxide, and imipramine had only slight effects. We were therefore unable to demonstrate a simple correlation between curing ability and inhibition of plasmid transfer amongst the psychoactive drugs tested. A mechanism of plasmid curing by surface action of the drugs is suggested as an alternative to direct intercalation of the drugs into plasmid DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 4","pages":"309-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18057121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lysosomal acridine orange uptake in fibroblasts transformed by SV40 or human cytomegalovirus.","authors":"I Rédai, M Halmy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lysosomes of living human fibroblasts, SV40-transformed rat fibroblasts and human CMV-transformed hamster fibroblasts were examined by fluorescence microscopy after pretreatment with acridine orange at a supravital concentrations (5 x 10(6) M). Dye uptake by human primary fibroblast lysosomes was considerable and independent of the age of the cultures. In the transformed cultures, cytoplasmic granular red fluorescence indicating lysosomal acridine orange uptake could not be observed in part of the cells; cells showing no cytoplasmic granular fluorescence appeared as early as after 48 hr incubation and were growing in dependence on the age of the culture. Staining of living cells by acridine orange solutions at supravital concentration is a practicable method for the examination of functional changes of lysosomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75387,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":"27 1","pages":"41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17314459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}