Al-Kimia最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Metal Impregnation Of Fe Cu And Co on Surface Area of ZSM-5 Catalyst Analyzed Using Surface Area Analyzer (AAS)","authors":"Andreas Sihotang, Septina Is Heriyanti, Sri Djangkung Sumbogo Murti, Fusia Mirda Yanti, Ahmad Farizt Ichsan, Alya Adiningtyas Putri, Diah Riski Gusti","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.32912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.32912","url":null,"abstract":"The number of watercrafts in the sea will have an impact on the amount of waste lubricant oil that is discharged into the sea, which ultimately results in pollution. The increasing level of hazardous and toxic materials (B3 waste) is concerned to have a wider impact on public health and environment quality. One of the B3 wastes that requires special handling due to its high quantities is used lubricating oil. Utilization and processing of waste lubricant oil discharged from the ship is an alternative that can be applied to reach efficient consumption of petroleum which is shrinking from year to year. Therefore, we need a processing method that can reduce the pollutants generated from the waste, one of which is the Acid Clay Treatment method. This treatment aims to determine the best conditions for reducing heave metal lead (Pb) through Acid Clay Treatment method and to assess the decrease in Pb concentration contained in used lubricating oil from ship. The adsorbent used was clay that has been activated with sulphuric acid. The processing of used lubricating oil was carried out using three variations, including adsorbent concentration, contact time, and acidity (pH). The test results of used oil lubricating oil processing were 15 gram of adsorbent concentration, 90 minutes of contact time, and pH 4. The Pb reduction efficiency obtained from Acid Clay Treatment method in the best conditions was 53.72%.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46358896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization Waste Materials to Synthesize Nano Al2O3-CaO Photocatalyst using Infused Red Guava Leaves (Psidium Guajava L.)","authors":"S. Rodiah, Riana Aprilia, N. Ariesta","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.33481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.33481","url":null,"abstract":"Diazinon is a very toxic pesticide for animals and humans that is widely used in the agricultural sector, so this pollutant needs to be reduced or eliminated in the environment through photodegradation using photocatalysts derived from metal oxides. The catalytic activity of metal oxides is enhanced by adding a support material and increasing the surface area by reducing the particle size to nano size. In this study, kaolin as a source of Al2O3 and golden snail shells as a source of CaO which used to synthesize Al2O3-CaO nanoparticles (NPs) with a simple and environmentally friendly method using plant infusions. Synthesis of Al2O3-CaO NPs using infused red guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) had been done by utilized the secondary metabolites as reducing agents and stabilizers in the nanoparticle synthesis. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of alumina (Al-O) groups at wave numbers 850 – 650 cm-1 and CaO at 3642 cm-1. XRD analysis showed NPs Al2O3-CaO had cubic with the crystal size of 14.59 nm. The morphology of Al2O3-CaO NPs showed in the SEM pictures were agglomerated. Al2O3-CaO NPs degraded diazinon by 75% within 180 minutes under UV radiation. Thus, this research not only reduce waste material, but also reduces water pollutant.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48837002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of Sungkai Leaf Extract Nanoemulsion","authors":"Rama Dista, Cindy Larasati, Sylvia Ayuningsih, Nurah Anggraeni, Irmanida Batubara","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.33482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.33482","url":null,"abstract":"Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) leaves are empirically used for various treatments, and their efficacy can be enhanced using nanoparticle technology, especially nanoemulsions. The purpose was to find the best nanoemulsion formula (NES) containing sungkai leaf extract (EDS). Sungkai leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, and the compounds were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. NES was formed by mixing EDS (260, 400, and 530 mg), VCO, tween80, PEG400, soy lecithin, sodium alginate, and deionized water. The NES formed were characterized by particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, pH, viscosity, percent transmittance, and physical stability test. The results showed that EDS contains at least seven compounds, with eupatilin as a dominant compound. The characterization results obtained NES with a particle size range of 270–520 nm with a PDI value of 0.413–0.608. NES was categorized as stable with a zeta potential value of -45.9 to -48.7 mV and no phase separation based on the centrifugation test. NES has a viscosity of about 1.90–2.03 cP, pH 7, and a percent transmittance of 93–98%. The best formula is the formula with EDS  F1 (260 mg). Thus, NES has the potential for the development of multiple treatment targets.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45332162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead (Pb) Reduction Efficiency in Used Lubricating Oil in Ship Using The Acid Clay Treatment Method: Perspective of Environmental Pollution Control at Paotere Port, South Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"W. Rustiah, Dewi Arisanti","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.32560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.32560","url":null,"abstract":"The number of watercrafts in the sea will have an impact on the amount of waste lubricant oil that is discharged into the sea, which ultimately results in pollution. The increasing level of hazardous and toxic materials (B3 waste) is concerned to have a wider impact on public health and environment quality. One of the B3 wastes that requires special handling due to its high quantities is used lubricating oil. Utilization and processing of waste lubricant oil discharged from the ship is an alternative that can be applied to reach efficient consumption of petroleum which is shrinking from year to year. Therefore, we need a processing method that can reduce the pollutants generated from the waste, one of which is the Acid Clay Treatment method. This treatment aims to determine the best conditions for reducing heave metal lead (Pb) through Acid Clay Treatment method and to assess the decrease in Pb concentration contained in used lubricating oil from ship. The adsorbent used was clay that has been activated with sulphuric acid. The processing of used lubricating oil was carried out using three variations, including adsorbent concentration, contact time, and acidity (pH). The test results of used oil lubricating oil processing were 15 gram of adsorbent concentration, 90 minutes of contact time, and pH 4. The Pb reduction efficiency obtained from Acid Clay Treatment method in the best conditions was 53.72%.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49099354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of MnO2 as Supercapacitor Electrodes Material by Green Chemistry Method Through Dehydroxylation of Tangerine Peel (Citrus reticulata) Essential Oil","authors":"D. Izzah, F. Fajaroh, A. Aliyatulmuna, S. Sumari, Sitti Marfu'ah","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.31459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.31459","url":null,"abstract":"In this era, most technology requires electronic equipment. The performance of electronic equipment may be affected by energy storage components like a supercapacitor, so the development of supercapacitor electrode materials using green chemical methods needs to be pursued. Material with a good specific capacitance is MnO2. Most of the MnO2 synthesis methods are not based on green chemistry, so there is an alternative method. One of them is by utilizing the waste from tangerine peels. This study aimed to synthesize MnO2 through dehydroxylation of tangerine peel essential oil. The steps for conducting this research consisted of isolation of tangerine peel essential oil, analysis of the constituent components of tangerine peel essential oil, synthesis of MnO2 through dehydroxylation of essential oils tangerine peel, and MnO2 characterization. XRD results showed that MnO2 synthesized at pH 11 had the highest percentage of α-MnO2 (97%). This is evidenced by the presence of α-MnO2 diffractogram according to the ICSD No.20227. The SEM results showed that MnO2 had a spherical morphology with a particle diameter of 39.51 nm. α-MnO2 has a larger tunnel structure compared to β- and γ-MnO2, making the charge-discharge process easier so that α-MnO2 has the potential as a supercapacitor electrode material.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45933150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Extraction Time of Raja Nangka Banana Peel as Capping Agent on the Characteristic and Antibacterial Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Against Staphylococcus epidermidis","authors":"Adinnia Apriandini, F. Fajaroh, A. Aliyatulmuna, E. Ciptawati","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.31484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.31484","url":null,"abstract":"A green chemistry-based ZnO nanoparticle synthesis method based on plant extracts has been developed. Raja nangka banana peel is one of them. The extraction time is one of the elements that influences the amounts of secondary metabolites. The longer the extraction time, the more secondary metabolites are obtained. If the optimal time is exceeded, the secondary metabolite compounds will decrease. The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal time to extract secondary metabolites from the raja nangka banana peel and to know the effect of extraction time on the characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles, which include morphology, size, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The steps of this research: maceration, phytochemical tests and total levels tests, synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, characterization, and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Maceration for 24 hours is the best time for extracting secondary metabolites from raja nangka banana peels. The SEM test results show that the morphology of the three samples had agglomeration. The ZnO nanoparticles with 24-hour raja nangka banana peel extract had a smaller size of 295.2 nm and were spherical. Inhibition zone diameter from ZnO nanoparticles with 24-hour raja nangka banana peel extract has a larger area of 5.65 mm.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46987571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Continuous Column Plate Electric Reactor","authors":"Reno Susanto, Viona Aulia Rahmi, Dwi Widyaningsih","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.25646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.25646","url":null,"abstract":"Palm oil mills produce palm oil mill effluent (POME) which contains various dissolved organic compounds in the form of short fibers, hemicellulose, and their derivatives, protein, free fatty acids, a mixture of minerals and organic pigments such as anthocyanins, carotene, polyphenols, lignin and tannins. Organic compounds in this waste will cause problems such as increasing the value of TSS, TDS, and COD which can be a crucial environment for processing liquid waste in palm oil mills. One possible method to reduce the content of TSS, TDS, and COD is the electrocoagulation method. This study aims to determine the effect of variable flowrate, voltage, and distance between plates in the electrocoagulation process with a plate column electric reactor, and determine the optimum conditions for flowrate, voltage, and distance between plates. Optimum conditions are obtained at fflowrate3 L/min, 28 V voltage, 2 cm distance between plates with percent removal of TSS, TDS, and COD, respectively 49.30%; 49.40%; 60.30%.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43296459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Docking of Michelia alba Leaves Active Compounds Against Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2)","authors":"Felysia Isman, P. Pratama, A. Fadlan","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.28437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.28437","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer characterized by overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) and is a deadly disease worldwide. Chemotherapy with drugs targeting HER-2 is less effective and shows various drawbacks. This study aimed to study anticancer potential of active compounds contained in Michelia alba through molecular docking against HER-2. The molecular docking study was performed toward HER-2 receptor (PDB: 3PP0) containing 30Q native ligand with MCULE. The results showed that cis-linalool oxide, trans-linalool oxide, linalool, β-elemena, α-humulene, and nerolidol contained in M. alba leaves had lower docking scores than quercetin as control. Nerolidol showed the lowest docking score among all compounds. The active compounds in the leaves of M. alba have the potential as a HER-2 inhibitor in silico. ","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Secang Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Ethanol Extractas Anti-Oxidant and Sun-Protection","authors":"Mutista Hafshah, A. Rohmah, Ana Mardliyah","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.28619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i2.28619","url":null,"abstract":"Although sunlight has numerous health benefits, prolonged direct exposure to the sun can be harmful to the skin. Among the negative effects of sun exposure are redness and burning of the skin, as well as dullness, wrinkles, dryness, and premature aging, as well as skin cancer. The use of sunscreen to protect the skin from the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure is becoming more widespread. On the other hand, some sunscreens contain potentially harmful chemicals such as isopropyl alcohol, DEA (diethanolamine), TEA (triethanolamine), and MEA (monoethanolamine), which can cause allergic reactions as well as kidney and liver disorders when used for an extended period of time. As a result, this investigation was carried out in order to determine the antioxidant potential of natural ingredients, specifically sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.), using the DPPH method, as well as its potential as a sun-protective agent using an in vitro SPF test using ultraviolet-visible (Uv-Vis) spectrophotometry (Uv-Vis). The results revealed that the maceration method produced a 17.779 percent yield of ethanol extract of sappan wood, which was used in this study. The extract possesses extremely potent antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its IC50 value of 12,611 mg/L. Furthermore, based on the results of tests and the calculation of the SPF (sun protection factor) value, sappan wood extract has been shown to have potential as a sun protection agent. Using an extract concentration of 120 mg/L, the highest SPF value.","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48030181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Srikaya (Annona Squamosa L.) Muda dan Matang dengan Metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power)","authors":"Haekal Wahyudi, Adlim, M. Nasir","doi":"10.24252/al-kimia.v10i1.27391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v10i1.27391","url":null,"abstract":"The antioxidant activity test of young and ripe Srikaya fruit extract (Annona Squamosa L.)  had been carried out by using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract using the FRAP method by using qualitative and quantitative method. The research method used was FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) which was based on a reduction reaction in an acid state towards a yellow Fe3+ (Potassium hexacyanoferat(III)) complex compound to become a bluish-green Fe2+ complex compound due to electron donors from antioxidant compounds. The result of the qualitative analysis of the antioxidant activity of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract was a change in color in the sample extracts of young and ripe Srikaya fruit due to the reduction reaction in an acid state towards the yellow-colored Fe3+ (Potassium hexacyanoferat(III)) complex compound to become a bluish-green Fe2+ complex compound. due to electron donor of antioxidant compounds. Quantitatively, the average antioxidant activity of samples of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract was respectively 7,448 mgAAE/g extract and 9,351 mgAAE/g extract. The result indicated that the antioxidant activity of ripe srikaya fruit was greater than that of young fruit. Based on the results of the analysis parameter testing the t-test, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the antioxidant activity of the young and ripe srikaya fruit extract (Annona squamosa L.).  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000The antioxidant activity test of young and ripe Srikaya fruit extract (Annona Squamosa L.)  had been carried out by using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract using the FRAP method by using qualitative and quantitative method. The research method used was FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) which was based on a reduction reaction in an acid state towards a yellow Fe3+ (Potassium hexacyanoferat(III)) complex compound to become a bluish-green Fe2+ complex compound due to electron donors from antioxidant compounds. The result of the qualitative analysis of the antioxidant activity of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract was a change in color in the sample extracts of young and ripe Srikaya fruit due to the reduction reaction in an acid state towards the yellow-colored Fe3+ (Potassium hexacyanoferat(III)) complex compound to become a bluish-green Fe2+ complex compound. due to electron donor of antioxidant compounds. Quantitatively, the average antioxidant activity of samples of young and ripe srikaya fruit extract using the FRAP method was respectively 7,448 mgAAE/g extract and 9,351 mgAAE/g extract. The result indicated that the antioxidant activity of ripe srikaya fruit was greater than that of young fruit. Based on the results of the analysis parameter testing the t-test, it can be concluded that there is a signific","PeriodicalId":7535,"journal":{"name":"Al-Kimia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42037075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}