World journal of clinical pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Effects of body mass index on gastric motility: Comparing children with functional abdominal pain disorders and healthy controls.","authors":"Amaranath Karunanayake, Shaman Rajindrajith, Manori Vijaya Kumari, Niranga Manjuri Devanarayana","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.100306","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers, yet the underlying reasons remain unclear. Gastrointestinal motility, a key pathophysiological factor in functional gastrointestinal disorders, may be influenced by body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of BMI on gastric motility parameters in children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed gastric motility in 176 children with FAPDs (61.4% females, mean age 7.94 years, SD 1.96 years) and 63 healthy controls (57.1% females, mean age 9.17 years, SD 1.90 years) at the Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. FAPDs were diagnosed and subtyped using the Rome IV criteria: Functional abdominal pain 97 patients; irritable bowel syndrome 39 patients, functional dyspepsia (FD) 25 patients; and abdominal migraine 15 patients. Gastric motility was measured using a validated ultrasound method. Weight and height were measured using sensitive standard scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BMIs of children with FAPDs and controls were 15.04 and 15.46 kg/m², respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.33). Fasting antral area (FAA) and antral area at 1 min (AA1) and 15 min (AA15) were significantly greater in patients with FAPD with a higher BMI (2.71 cm², 12.57 cm², and 7.19 cm², respectively) compared with those with a lower BMI (2.12 cm², 10.68 cm², and 6.13 cm², respectively) (<i>P</i> < 0.01). BMI positively correlated with FAA and AA15 (<i>r</i> = 0.18 and <i>r</i> = 0.19, respectively) (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in those with FAPDs. In controls, only AA1 was greater in the higher BMI group (12.51 cm² <i>vs</i> 9.93 cm²) and had a positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.33) (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with FD, BMI negatively correlated with gastric emptying rate (GER) (<i>r</i> = -0.59) and antral motility index (MI) (<i>r</i> = -0.49), while in functional abdominal pain, MI positively correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.25) with BMI (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In children with FAPDs, higher BMI was associated with increased gastric antral distention during fasting and postprandial periods (as indicated by FAA, AA1, and AA15) but not with contractility and transit (MI, GER). However, in the FD subgroup, high BMI correlated with reduced GER and MI. This indicates the possible role of BMI in gastric hypomotility and the pathophysiology of FD. These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle and dietary interventions aimed at optimizing BMI in the management of FAPDs, particularly FD.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"100306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12305115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease in mechanically ventilated full-term Egyptian neonates by detection of pepsin in endotracheal aspirate.","authors":"Amira Elrefaee, Abdel-Rahman A Abdel-Razek, Zeinab S Abdelkhalek, Peter Samaan, Amir Fawzy Kamal","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.102309","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.102309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common among neonates, particularly those requiring mechanical ventilation. Pepsin, a reliable marker of gastric aspiration, may help detect GER episodes in ventilated neonates and assess associated clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the incidence of GERD, associated risk factors, and morbidities among full-term mechanically ventilated neonates by detecting pepsin in endotracheal aspirates (ETA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 97 full-term neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Cairo University Hospitals from April 2023 to March 2024. ETA samples were collected at three intervals: Immediately post-intubation (Sample A), 48 hours after intubation (Sample B), and just before extubation (Sample C). Pepsin concentration was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data, including hospital stay duration and feeding parameters, were correlated with pepsin levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pepsin was detected in 76 (78.4%) of Sample A, 78 (81.3%) of Sample B, and 47 (68.1%) of Sample C. A significant positive correlation was found between pepsin levels and FiO₂ in Sample B (<i>r</i> = 0.203, <i>P</i> = 0.047). Prolonged hospital stay was also associated with pepsin detection in Samples B and C (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between feeding amount and pepsin levels across all samples (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of GERD in full-term mechanically ventilated neonates is high, correlating with pepsin levels, FiO₂, feeding intolerance, and hospital stay, highlighting the importance of early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"102309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12305018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food selectivity and autism: A systematic review.","authors":"Rosaria Ferrara, Leonardo Iovino, Lidia Ricci, Angiola Avallone, Roberto Latina, Pasquale Ricci","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.101974","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.101974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests in the first years of life, with a complex pathogenesis influenced by biological, genetic and epigenetic factors. Many children with ASD display marked food selectivity, often restricting themselves to a narrow range of foods. The problems associated with feeding children with ASD can vary widely, from mild cases that pose no immediate health risks, to more severe situations with a risk of malnutrition or, conversely, overeating. This scoping review aims to provide an in-depth overview of the frequency, nature and factors related to food selectivity in children with autism.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To comprehensively review the literature on food selectivity in ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO databases, to identify articles published in English from 2014 until 2024. Studies on a sample diagnosed with ASD and food selectivity were included. The selected databases were chosen for their broad coverage of the scientific literature. These databases represent reliable sources of high-quality articles, ensuring a comprehensive and up-to-date search.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated 222 studies on food selectivity in autism, from which duplicates were removed and unrelated titles were filtered out. Finally, 9 articles were included in the review. Five articles provide a general overview of the phenomenon, analysing its nature and factors. Two studies delve into sensory sensitivity, in particular the impact of food textures, tastes and smells. Finally, two studies focus on problem behaviour during mealtimes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with ASD have greater food selectivity than the neurotypical population. The diet should contain a greater variety of fruit, vegetables, yoghurt, while reducing the consumption of rice and pasta.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"101974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital scoliosis with truncus arteriosus type 1 in a preterm neonate: A case report.","authors":"Pius Omullo, Khulud Mahmood Nurani, Kimiya Shahabi, Ooko Emma, Brian Mutuku","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.106439","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.106439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a spinal deformity caused by defective segmentation and development of vertebrae during early embryogenesis. It occurs in 0.5%-1% in 1000 births and may rarely occur with congenital defects affecting the heart or genitourinary system. Truncus arteriosus (TA) is a life-threatening cardiac defect in which a single arterial trunk supplies both systemic and pulmonary circulation, leading to complications such as pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and severe hypoxia. Although rare individually, the co-occurrence of both conditions poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with limited documentation in medical literature.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We present a 36-week preterm neonate with CS associated with TA type 1, presenting with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and altered spinal curvature. This case demonstrates the complexity of managing neonates with multiple congenital defects. Here, the patient was managed with oxygen supplementation, heart failure medication, nasogastric feeding, and multidisciplinary care to optimize her for surgical corrections. A coordinated, interdisciplinary approach was employed to optimize outcomes, particularly in a resource-limited setting. Immediate respiratory and cardiovascular stabilization and long-term orthopedic and cardiac interventions were central to improving the patient's quality of life and survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recognizing co-existing congenital anomalies and their embryological interrelation is critical in holistic patient care, particularly during neonatal and infancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"106439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric digestive endoscopy: From conventional endoscopy to endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.","authors":"Hussein Hassan Okasha, Ahmed El-Meligui, Elsayed Ghoneem, Abdullah Zuhair Alyouzbaki, Adil Ait Errami, Hanane Delsa","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.104951","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i3.104951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digestive endoscopy is widely performed in clinical practice, including in children, and has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of many gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Interventional procedures are increasingly utilized, particularly for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. However, only a limited number of gastroenterologists are trained and experienced to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound in pediatric patients. While GI endoscopic emergencies in children are uncommon, they can be serious. Effective care demands true multidisciplinary teamwork, with close and ongoing collaboration between gastroenterologists, anesthetists, and the pediatric team especially in centres where pediatric endoscopy specialists are not available. This mini-review outlines current practices in pediatric digestive endoscopy and explores recent advances in interventional endoscopy compared to adult patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"104951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and environmental factors contributing to anophthalmia and microphthalmia: Current understanding and future directions.","authors":"Shiwali Goyal, Shailja Tibrewal, Ria Ratna, Vanita Vanita","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.101982","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.101982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anophthalmia is defined as a complete absence of one eye or both the eyes, while microphthalmia represents the presence of a small eye within the orbit. The estimated birth prevalence for anophthalmia is approximately 3 per 100000 live births, and for microphthalmia, it is around 14 per 100000 live births. However, combined evidence suggests that the prevalence of these malformations could be as high as 30 per 100000 individuals. Microphthalmia is reported to occur in 3.2% to 11.2% of blind children. Anophthalmia and microphthalmia (A/M) are part of a phenotypic spectrum alongside ocular coloboma, hypothesized to share a common genetic basis. Both A/M can occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome. Their complex etiology involves chromosomal aberrations, monogenic inheritance pattern, and the contribution of environmental factors such as gestational-acquired infections, maternal vitamin A deficiency (VAD), exposure to X-rays, solvent misuse, and thalidomide exposure. A/M exhibit significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity with over 90 genes identified so far. Familial cases of A/M have a complex genetic basis, including all Mendelian modes of inheritance, <i>i.e.</i>, autosomal dominant, recessive, and X-linked. Most cases arise sporadically due to <i>de novo</i> mutations. Examining gene expression during eye development and the effects of various environmental variables will help us better understand the phenotypic heterogeneity found in A/M, leading to more effective diagnosis and management strategies. The present review focuses on key genetic factors, developmental abnormalities, and environmental modifiers linked with A/M. It also emphasizes at potential research areas including multiomic methods and disease modeling with induced pluripotent stem cell technologies, which aim to create innovative treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 2","pages":"101982"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: Risk factors and effective management strategies in the pediatric population.","authors":"Pooja Semwal, Manjit Kaur Saini, Moinak Sen Sarma","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.101875","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.101875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDIH) is a significant concern while managing pediatric tuberculosis. There is limited data on pediatric ATDIH, and much of the management practices are extrapolated from adult experiences. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, and management strategies for ATDIH in children. Pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and rifampicin are the most hepatotoxic first-line antituberculosis therapy (ATT). Though pyrazinamide has the highest potential for ATDIH, isoniazid is most frequently implicated. Hepatotoxicity typically manifests within the first 2-8 weeks of treatment, particularly during the intensive phase. Risk factors include younger age, female gender, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, and baseline liver dysfunction. Extra-pulmonary TB, particularly tuberculous meningitis, and concomitant hepatotoxic medications such as antiretro viral therapy or antiepileptic drugs further increase susceptibility. Genetic predisposition, including N-acetyltransferase 2 and cytochrome P4502E1 polymorphisms and specific HLA alleles also contribute to the increased risk. Clinically, ATDIH ranges from asymptomatic transaminase elevation to severe acute liver failure (ALF), necessitating prompt recognition and intervention. Diagnosis relies on the temporal association of liver injury with ATT initiation, supported by liver function tests, improvement upon ATT cessation, and recurrence upon reintroduction. Management involves discontinuing hepatotoxic drugs, initiating non-hepatotoxic regimens, and sequential reintroduction of ATT under close monitoring. For children with ALF, care in a tertiary center with liver transplantation expertise is essential. While pediatric ATDIH generally has favorable outcomes with timely intervention, delays can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Improved understanding of risk factors, vigilant monitoring protocols, and standardized pediatric management strategies are critical for optimizing outcomes in pediatric ATDIH.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 2","pages":"101875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex relationship between childhood obesity and the gut microbiota.","authors":"Trung Nguyen Tran, Thang Viet Luong, Nam Van Duc Nguyen, Hai Nguyen Ngoc Dang","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.100975","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, the gut microbiota has been identified as a significant risk factor associated with metabolic disorders related to obesity. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technology have clarified the relationship between childhood obesity and changes in the gut microbiota. This commentary focuses on analyzing the study by Li <i>et al</i>, which utilized 16S rRNA molecular markers to compare differences in gut microbiota between obese and normal-weight children. Additionally, the review by Pan <i>et al</i> is referenced to supplement perspectives and evaluate the findings of this study. We also analyze the strengths and limitations of the original study and suggest potential research directions to elucidate the complex relationship between gut microbiota and childhood obesity, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 2","pages":"100975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human milk oligosaccharide secretion dynamics during breastfeeding and its antimicrobial role: A systematic review.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Beltagi","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.104797","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.104797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive components of breast milk with diverse health benefits, including shaping the gut microbiota, modulating the immune system, and protecting against infections. HMOs exhibit dynamic secretion patterns during lactation, influenced by maternal genetics and environmental factors. Their direct and indirect antimicrobial properties have garnered significant research interest. However, a comprehensive understanding of the secretion dynamics of HMOs and their correlation with antimicrobial efficacy remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To synthesize current evidence on the secretion dynamics of HMOs during lactation and evaluate their antimicrobial roles against bacterial, viral, and protozoal pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library focused on studies investigating natural and synthetic HMOs, their secretion dynamics, and antimicrobial properties. Studies involving human, animal, and <i>in vitro</i> models were included. Data on HMO composition, temporal secretion patterns, and mechanisms of antimicrobial action were extracted. Quality assessment was performed using validated tools appropriate for study design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 44 studies were included, encompassing human, animal, and <i>in vitro</i> research. HMOs exhibited dynamic secretion patterns, with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and lacto-N-tetraose peaking in early lactation and declining over time, while 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) increased during later stages. HMOs demonstrated significant antimicrobial properties through pathogen adhesion inhibition, biofilm disruption, and enzymatic activity impairment. Synthetic HMOs, including bioengineered 2'-FL and 3-FL, were structurally and functionally comparable to natural HMOs, effectively inhibiting pathogens such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>. Additionally, HMOs exhibited synergistic effects with antibiotics, enhancing their efficacy against resistant pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HMOs are vital in antimicrobial defense, supporting infant health by targeting various pathogens. Both natural and synthetic HMOs hold significant potential for therapeutic applications, particularly in infant nutrition and as adjuncts to antibiotics. Further research, including clinical trials, is essential to address gaps in knowledge, validate findings, and explore the broader applicability of HMOs in improving maternal and neonatal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 2","pages":"104797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African minors' health challenges are comparable to those in the rest of the world.","authors":"Earl B Ettienne, Klaus Rose","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.102922","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i2.102922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today's youth in rich and poor countries faces comparable health risks and challenges. There is the temptation to enjoy too much food that is advertised as delicious and to eat too little healthier food. An increasingly sedentary lifestyle makes physical activity voluntary, no longer based on the daily need for physical activity in rural production. This is a serious medical problem, as today's young people are threatened tomorrow (and sometimes, already today) by cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, later by further challenges including arthritis, stroke, and more. But this is a challenge far beyond medicine. Young people need to be empowered to distinguish between good and bad lifestyles and be strengthened in their willingness to make an effort for future health. It may not seem very sexy to eat mostly fruits and high-fiber traditional foods instead of hamburgers, snacks, sweets, or to eat in posh restaurants. Everyone needs a certain resistance to advertising today, whether they grow up in Nigeria, Europe or anywhere else. Medical doctors, teachers, and many other professionals with responsibilities for young people have a key role in this endeavour.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 2","pages":"102922"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}