Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Antibiotic-Mediated Disruption of Enterohepatic Circulation and Combined Oral Contraceptive Efficacy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"David Elkhoury, Nithin Reddy, Deepti Venkatraman, Pruthvi Patel, Michael Montalbano","doi":"10.1089/whr.2024.0199","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2024.0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are essential for the well-being and reproductive health of millions of women globally. Despite their widespread use, concerns among clinicians persist about potential drug-drug interactions between antibiotics and COCs. This systematic review evaluates existing literature on the interaction between antibiotics and COC efficacy, offering guidance for clinicians in managing the use of contraception alongside antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published from 2000 to 2024. The search strategy was centered on peer-reviewed observational and experimental studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial analysis of the databases resulted in 712 potential articles. Nine articles were chosen relative to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. While most antibiotics did not compromise COC effectiveness, enzyme-inducing antibiotics, particularly rifampicin, significantly reduced COC efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although common antibiotics pose minimal risk to COC effectiveness, clinicians should remain vigilant when prescribing enzyme-inducing antibiotics such as rifampicin. When these antibiotics are used, it is advisable to consider additional or alternative contraceptive methods to ensure continued pregnancy prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"599-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Routine Gynecological Care in Young Adult Females in the United States.","authors":"Anne M Clark, Mireya C Long, Brianna M Magnusson","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0015","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Well-woman exams (WWEs) are important preventive health care; however, many do not regularly receive these exams. Understanding barriers to timely care is important in improving health care delivery and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a panel survey of 1000 U.S. females 18-30 years of age. Barriers to gynecological care were assessed in four domains: financial, practical, procedural, and health care provider related. Differences between groups were assessed using <i>t</i>-test and analysis of variance, and logistic regression was used to examine the association between barriers and delayed care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents were on an average 24.5 years old and the majority were White, non-Hispanic (63%). Respondents were categorized by WWE screening status: never screened (24%), delayed screening (>1 year) (30%), and on-time screening (46%). Those who had delayed WWE expressed higher practical, procedural, and provider barriers compared with those with on-time exams. After adjusting for other barrier types and sociodemographic characteristics, lack of insurance was associated with more than twice the odds of delayed WWE (odds ratio [OR]: 2.61 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41-4.92) and a one-point increase in the provider barriers mean scale was associated with nearly 60% increased odds (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.16-2.17) of having delayed WWE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The patient experience with the health care provider, along with insurance coverage, is significantly associated with delayed WWE. These results indicate that in the presence of insurance coverage, providers have a significant role in creating an environment that supports the timeliness of WWE in young adult patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"586-598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences and Preferences Reported with an At-Home Self-Collection Device Compared with In-Clinic Speculum-Based Cervical Cancer Screening in the United States.","authors":"LaShonda Crane, Ashley Jennings, Megan B Fitzpatrick, Meghna Mukherjee, Callie Pitchford, Amy Nacht, Nia'Ja Mack, Kristina Krueger, Jessica Favreau, Kristin Conway, Laura Gillis, Christine Conageski, Elizabeth Sutton","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0017","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaginal self-collection offers an effective option for cervical cancer (CC) screening that can improve screening experiences and engagement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article presents data from a multi-center pilot study (<i>n</i> = 185) across the United States, evaluating experiences and preferences reported with an at-home self-collection device compared with clinician-collected screening using a speculum. The device is designed specifically for at-home self-collection and optimized for performance and usability, where collected samples are tested for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) using the Roche cobas HPV test. In an earlier report, self-collected samples using this device showed high agreement for hrHPV detection when compared with clinician-collection with a speculum and cervical brush.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Participants were screened with a self-collection device and a clinician-collection. They provided feedback about their experiences via usability and preference surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly more participants reported pain (<i>p</i> < 0.001), discomfort (<i>p</i> < 0.001), embarrassment (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and nervousness (<i>p</i> < 0.001) during clinician-collection compared with self-collection. In contrast, being at-ease (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and in-control (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were reported significantly more during self-collection. Similar patterns held across demographic groups relevant to CC screening engagement and related risk (i.e., sexual orientation, menopause status, income, and prior HPV diagnosis). Almost all (94% [156/166]) felt confident using the at-home self-collection device if they knew the results would be equivalent to clinician-collection. The device demonstrated wide usability, with 96% (163/170) successfully self-collecting using only the device's provided instructions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By improving screening experiences and accessibility, at-home self-collection can increase screening participation and accelerate progress toward eliminating CC as a public health concern in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"564-575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Risk Indicators of Urinary Incontinence Among Young Nulligravid Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ghada Mohammed, Noha A Mousa, Shaikha S Alhaj, Basema Saddik","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0004","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary incontinence (UI) and associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are well documented in older, multiparous women, with established risk factors such as menopause, neurological disorders, and diabetes mellitus. However, emerging evidence indicates that young, nulligravid women without these traditional risk factors may also be affected. This study explores the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of UI and LUTS in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online questionnaire adapted from the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and the Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life. Participants were women aged 18-25 years who had never been pregnant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately one-third of participants reported experiencing UI (urge, stress, or mixed incontinence), whereas 45.9% reported at least one LUTS without UI. Significant associations were identified between UI and increased body mass index (<i>p</i> = 0.007), smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.018), and recurrent urinary tract infection (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Toilet behaviors, such as delaying urination until bladder fullness, were also significantly associated with UI. Logistic regression analysis identified key predictive risk factors for UI: being overweight or obese (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, confidence interval [CI] = 1.22-2.90), smoking (OR = 3.07, CI = 1.32-7.12), and delaying bladder emptying (OR = 2.99, CI = 1.63-5.47). Women with UI self-reported significant bother from symptoms, particularly those with overactive bladder (urge incontinence: 72.3%, urinary urgency: 53.6%, and nocturia: 55.4%). Quality of life was notably impacted, with 28.3% of participants with urge incontinence requiring daily pad use. Despite this, the majority (85.1%) did not seek medical care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UI and LUTS are prevalent in young nulligravid women, with modifiable risk factors such as lifestyle habits and toilet behaviors playing a critical role. These findings highlight the need for community awareness programs and proactive patient education during clinical encounters, as affected women are unlikely to seek medical advice voluntarily.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"546-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal Uterus and Ovary in the Indonesian Population: A Comprehensive Analysis.","authors":"Andi Darma Putra, Aldi Tamara Rahman, Lasmini Syariatin, Naufal Syafiq Darmawan, Dian Catur Permatasari","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research seeks to establish comprehensive baseline data on the normal anatomical features of the uterus and ovaries in a cohort of healthy Indonesian subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research was a retrospective study employing 500 ultrasonography results from various gynecological examinations conducted between 2021 and 2024. The ultrasound record serves as a basis for diagnosis and the definition of inclusion criteria. A morphometric analysis will be performed on the uterus and ovaries of the subject.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample comprised 121 healthy women from reproductive age to menopause, examined using ultrasonography. Significant differences in uterine volume (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were observed between the 21-30 age group and the 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, and >60 age groups. Furthermore, differences in ovarian volume were observed between the right and left ovaries, as well as between women of reproductive age and those who are menopausal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study on ovarian and uterine volumes in Indonesian women offers significant insights into reproductive health, highlighting age-related changes and prospective improvements in diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"539-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients Prefer Being Offered a Mirror to See Their Cervix and External Genitalia During Well-Exams while Clinician Perceptions May Create Barriers to Offering a Mirror: A Mixed Methods Study in a Primary Care Setting.","authors":"Luci Olewinski, Stephanie Hartmann, Savannah McKenzie, Shannon Lewis, Grace Saxon, Robert Eric Heidel, Fatima Ahmed","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0030","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patient-centered care is a core value of both Family Medicine and Obstetrics & Gynecology. We sought to know if patients prefer being offered a mirror to see their cervix and external genitalia during asymptomatic speculum exams (Mirror Pelvic Exam, MPE). Additionally, we explored clinicians' (medical assistants, residents, and faculty) opinions about offering patients a mirror during exams.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patient portion was a cross-sectional mixed-methods survey of people presenting for cervical cancer screening at a residency-based Family Medicine Clinic. Patients took a presurvey, were offered a mirror to see their external genitalia and/or their cervix during the exam, and then took a post-survey. The clinician portion was a mixed-methods survey given at the initiation of the study and after the four-month patient survey period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While only half the patients (<i>n</i> = 22) accepted the use of a mirror, the majority preferred being offered and felt offering a mirror should be a routine part of the well-exam. Being offered a mirror did not bother anyone. Free responses further emphasized that patients preferred being offered the MPE. Over half of clinicians (<i>n</i> = 51) felt the MPE was a good idea, but only a third felt it would improve patient satisfaction. Some did not offer the MPE due to thinking patients would not want the option, lack of comfort with the MPE, or concerns about slowing down clinic flow.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients prefer being offered the MPE while clinicians did not have insight into patients' preferences. Our results suggest clinician perceptions about offering the MPE are a barrier to the MPE as a standard of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"556-563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Clinical and Epidemiological Profiles as Predictors of Complications in Women Admitted to the Acute Cardiac Care Unit for Acute Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Marta Parellada-Vendrell, Sílvia Pérez-Ortega, Nuria Romeu-Mirabete, Montserrat Prat-Masana, Montserrat Venturas, Adelaida Zabalegui, Rut Andrea","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0005","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In women, cardiovascular disease accounts for 35% of annual deaths, with ischemic heart disease being the leading cause. There are knowledge gaps in research, prevention, treatment, and access to cardiovascular care in women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical and epidemiological profiles of women with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) admitted to an Acute Cardiac Care Unit (ACCU) and to study their association with the development of complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study included women admitted to the ACCU of a tertiary hospital for ACS. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables were assessed. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS v25 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty women (mean age, 68 ± 13 years) with a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors were included, and 66.2% presented ST-segment elevation ACS. The prevailing symptom was chest pain in 96.3% of patients, followed by associated symptoms such as sweating, nausea, and dyspnea (86.3%). The etiology was secondary to obstructive coronary artery disease in 81.3%, and the therapeutic strategy was percutaneous coronary intervention in 72.5% of patients. Among the women, 64.1% attributed their symptoms to non-cardiac causes, 60% did not perceive severity, and 35.2% presented complications of ACS, particularly cardiac arrest and arrhythmias. A reduced ejection fraction and being alone at the onset of symptoms were associated with a higher risk of complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite severe clinical presentations and complications, women have a low perception of severity and attribute cardiovascular symptoms to non-cardiac causes. Increasing awareness of ACS and its complications in women is needed among the population in order to improve health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"527-538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth Pattern Seasonality in Ethiopia: Evidence from National Demographic and Health Survey Data from 2000 to 2019.","authors":"Bezawit Alemu Bezabih, Mulugeta Shegaze Shimbre, Tamirat Gezahegn Guyo, Mesfin Mamo Utaile, Manaye Yihune, Aynalem Yemane Leyew, Getahun Koira Kolbaye, Habtamu Esubalew Bezie","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0024","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The periodicity of births and the factors that influence them have not been thoroughly investigated in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess birth seasonality patterns in Ethiopia using data collected from Demographic and Health Surveys over the past two decades (2000-2019).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed to record Ethiopian birth seasonality in greater detail than has previously been accomplished. The Demographic and Health Survey birth data were used to systematically document, evaluate, and compare the birth seasonality in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nationally, there was an early peak in the year, followed by a gradual decline. Regarding regional variation, in Afar and Somalia, the birth patterns show high variation, and Tigray, Amhara, Addis Ababa, and South Nation Nationality and Peoples Region exhibit relatively low variation in birth patterns, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The birth pattern is not uniform and varies seasonally and with different locations as well as maternal demographics. This finding could assist in the prediction of seasonal birth rates, guide contraception campaigns, distribute vaccinations strategically, and design a proactive measure against childhood diseases using mathematical modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"515-526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance of the COVID-19 Vaccine Among Postpartum Women in Five Countries.","authors":"Eun Young Lee, Li-Yin Chien, Yan-Shing Chang, Seo Ah Hong, Kelly Pereira Coca","doi":"10.1089/whr.2024.0202","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2024.0202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study identified factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and willingness to receive the vaccine among postpartum women in the United Kingdom, Thailand, Taiwan, Brazil, and South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online cross-sectional survey was designed and conducted from July to November 2021. Data from 3,253 women who were up to 6 months postpartum in the United Kingdom, Thailand, Taiwan, Brazil, and South Korea were analyzed. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 72% of women had received at least one dose of the vaccine with a range from 97.0% in Brazil to 25.2% in South Korea. Among five countries, positive attitudes and beliefs toward the COVID-19 vaccine were associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35, 1.47). Higher education, paid employee status, and urban residence were associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The country-specific analysis results showed that attitudes and beliefs toward the COVID-19 vaccine were a strong predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and willingness to receive it among postpartum women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Positive attitudes and beliefs toward the COVID-19 vaccine and better COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices are important for acceptance of the vaccine in postpartum women. Therefore, there is a need for sufficient and clear communication on the novel vaccine's safety and efficacy to improve awareness and attitudes among postpartum women.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"482-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Hyperglycemic and Hypertensive Disorders on Perinatal Outcomes Across the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Lixia Zhang, Yun Shen, Ronald Horswell, Jessica Lin, San Chu, S Amanda Dumas, Gang Hu","doi":"10.1089/whr.2025.0019","DOIUrl":"10.1089/whr.2025.0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the joint associations of maternal hyperglycemic and hypertensive disorders with adverse pregnancy outcomes across the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 110,447 Louisiana Medicaid pregnant women with first-time delivery from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021. Associations between hyperglycemic as well as hypertensive disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnancy during prepandemic, early pandemic, and late pandemic were assessed by binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The odds ratios of above adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly higher during the early and late COVID-19 pandemic than those before the pandemic. Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetes before pregnancy were associated with higher risks of preterm birth, primary cesarean section, large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal jaundice, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS; all <i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively, compared with women with normal glucose during pregnancy. Maternal gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or eclampsia, and pre-existing hypertension were associated with higher risks of preterm birth, primary cesarean section, low birth weight (exception for gestational hypertension), small for gestational age, LGA (exception for preeclampsia or eclampsia), macrosomia (exception for preeclampsia or eclampsia), neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal jaundice, and NRDS (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively, compared with women with normal blood pressure during pregnancy. Most of these associations during the early and late pandemic were consistent with those before the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal hyperglycemic and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, compared with maternal normal glucose or blood pressure during pregnancy, were associated with higher risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Interventions should be taken to help individuals achieve glycemic and blood pressure control to decrease the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":75329,"journal":{"name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"504-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}