Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Translating Basic Science to Clinical/Real-World Applications: Relevance for Exercise Science","authors":"S. Bloomfield","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Among the thousands of American College of Sports Medicine members, many are basic science researchers. Although most are physiologists, cognitive/neuroscience specialists are also contributing to the literature with important new findings about the physical and mental health effects of regular exercise. Although experimental work in cell culture or isolated tissue models can rapidly identify potential cellular and molecular mechanisms, basic scientists must work with appropriate animal models to confirm that mechanisms identified in the highly controlled environment of the petri dish still pertain when the tissue of interest is also exposed to the multiple neural, endocrine, and paracrine signals that pertain to the intact living organism. One form of translational research this journal seeks to publish are intervention trials testing whether earlier results gleaned from appropriate animal models will “translate” to human physiology.","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43535215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Protocol for a Home-based Obesity Prevention Program in Latino Preschool Children.","authors":"Sharon E Taverno Ross,&nbsp;Patricia I Documet,&nbsp;Russell R Pate,&nbsp;Ivonne Smith-Tapia,&nbsp;Lisa M Wisniewski,&nbsp;Bethany B Gibbs","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper describes the study design for ANDALE Pittsburgh, a culturally-appropriate, family-based intervention to promote a healthy weight in Latino preschool children.</p><p><strong>Methods/design: </strong>The study was organized into two major phases: Phase I: Conduct focus groups with 30 Latino parents of preschool children to inform the development of a culturally-appropriate intervention; Phase II: Test the feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention with 50 families. Participants were recruited from an emerging Latino community through community gatherings, flyers, and word of mouth. Six <i>promotoras</i> (females >18 years, active in community) received 25 hours of training using the intervention curriculum finalized after Phase I. Promotoras delivered the home-based intervention to families over 10, 90-minute weekly sessions that included education, practice, and action (i.e., goal setting). Behavior modification constructs and strategies (e.g., goal setting, problem solving, social support), and building of self-efficacy through healthy recipe preparation and physical activity breaks, were also included. Outcomes (e.g., child BMI) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Process evaluation assessed fidelity, dose, reach, recruitment, and contextual factors using multiple data sources and mixed methods.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The ANDALE Pittsburgh study will expand the body of knowledge on interventions to promote a healthy weight in Latino preschool children living in an emerging Latino community. If successful, this approach will be evaluated in a future, larger-scale intervention and provide a potential model to help to address and prevent obesity in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"2 14","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5654603/pdf/nihms873723.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35556942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonworksite Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behavior among Adults: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Keith M Thraen-Borowski,&nbsp;Laura D Ellingson,&nbsp;Jacob D Meyer,&nbsp;Lisa Cadmus-Bertram","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sedentary behavior has been identified as a major health risk. While interventions to reduce time spent sedentary have become increasingly prevalent, the vast majority of this work in adults has been focused on workplace sedentary behavior, and often pairs sedentary reduction interventions with increasing physical activity. As research designed to specifically decrease sedentary time that is not limited to the workplace becomes available, identifying strategies and approaches, along with feasibility and efficacy of these interventions, is warranted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases were searched for sedentary interventions with eligibility criteria including: (a) interventions designed to explicitly reduce sedentary behavior that were not limited to the workplace, (b) outcomes specific to sedentary behavior, (c) adults aged at least 18 years, and (d) written in English.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 767 full-text manuscripts were identified, with thirteen studies meeting all eligibility criteria. While intervention characteristics and methodological quality varied greatly among studies, ten of the thirteen studies observed a significant reduction in objectively measured sitting time post-intervention. In those studies that collected participant feasibility/acceptability data, all reported that the intervention was viewed as \"favorable to very favorable,\" would use again, and that participant burden was quite low, suggesting that these interventions were feasible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sedentary behavior interventions not limited to the workplace appear to be largely efficacious. While results varied with respect to the magnitude of the decrease in time spent sedentary, they are encouraging. However, due to the small body of evidence and the variability of study designs, our ability to make overarching statements regarding \"best practices\" at this time is limited. Well-controlled trials of longer duration with larger samples, using theoretically-based interventions with consistent prescriptions for limiting sedentary time are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"2 12","pages":"68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5630153/pdf/nihms865597.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35585423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveys to Sidewalks: Translating Physical Activity Research into Policy and Environmental Change","authors":"A. Eyler","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45989696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity and Mortality: The Potential Impact of Sitting","authors":"P. Katzmarzyk, R. Pate","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000030","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, numerous studies of sedentary behavior (sitting) have documented significant associations with chronic disease and mortality outcomes (6). These results have significant implications for workplace health and associated policies, because long-term trends in occupational data suggest that sedentary occupations have increased significantly in the United States between 1960 and 2008 (1). Self-reported levels of sitting in the United States average approximately 4.7 h·d (3); however, this estimate is likely conservative because individuals tend to underreport their sitting behavior. For example, a study among Australian adults using an objective assessment (inclinometer) reported an average of 8.8 h of sitting per day (4). Furthermore, objective data collected by accelerometry in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate that children and adults spend approximately 7.7 h·d being sedentary (5). Thus, a large proportion of the U.S. population is exposed to excessive levels of sedentary behavior and is at increased health risk because of this exposure. A topic of interest that has been addressed in this arena is whether the observed associations of sedentary behavior and increased chronic disease and mortality risk are modified or moderated by physical activity (light, moderate, vigorous, or total). Studies typically statistically “adjust” for a measure of physical activity by including it in a statistical model as a covariate or by stratifying the analysis by level of physical activity (i.e., active vs inactive). Using this approach, Ekelund et al. (2) recently reported the results of a meta-analysis of data from 1,005,791 participants from 13 studies who were followed for all-cause mortality between 2 and 18 yr. A total of 8.4% of the participants died during follow-up, and the hazardous","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42033292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation Goes Both Ways: The Power of Reverse Translation from Human Trials into Animal Models","authors":"J. T. Lightfoot, M. Bamman, F. Booth","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Much attention has been given to “translational research” with the assumption that such models follow a stepwise progression from basic/discovery science at the bench to application at the bedside. This practice ignores the valuable reverse aspect of translational research (i.e., “reverse translation”) where discoveries or observations at the bedside can inform and stimulate more mechanistic, basic work back at the bench, which in turn should expedite clinical applicability. This commentary reflects on the current thinking regarding reverse translation, with particular emphasis on the value of reverse translational design in understanding acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Overall, we conclude that reverse translational designs offer a powerful avenue of investigation that should be fully leveraged to maximize impact on the understanding and treatment of human disease.","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43833666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Research to Community Practice","authors":"J. Donnelly","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In April 2016, the American College of Sports Medicine launched a new journal, the Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine. Translational research is difficult to define and means different things to different individuals. It is a bit analogous to the phrase “I can't define it but I know it when I see it.” However, the essence of translational science is the attempt to apply basic and clinical science findings to communities and populations. That is, take what is known and apply it to the real world.","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41276180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing and Evaluating an Older Adult Physical Activity Model at Scale: Framework for Action","authors":"H. McKay, J. Sims-Gould, L. Nettlefold, C. Hoy, A. Bauman","doi":"10.1249/tjx.0000000000000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Most research intervention trials demonstrate efficacy in selected samples. However, to improve population health, interventions that prove efficacious or effective in a research setting need to be delivered at scale. Despite this, relatively little attention has been paid to mechanisms and factors that support scaling up effective interventions. Thus, the purpose of this article is to describe the conceptual frameworks that guide implementation at scale of an evidence-based physical activity strategy for older adults (Choose to Move), our partnership approach to implementation and scale-up, and the methods we adopted to evaluate implementation and impact of this scaled-up model on older adults' physical activity, mobility, and social connectedness. From a socioecologic perspective, we describe 1) the design of the Choose to Move intervention, 2) the partnerships with key delivery organizations, 3) the implementation and scale-up frameworks that guide our approach, 4) the delivery of Choose to Move at scale, and 5) the protocols we will adopt to evaluate implementation and impact of Choose to Move. We adopt a type 2 hybrid effectiveness–implementation pre- and post-study design guided by scale-up, implementation, and evaluation frameworks. Specifically, we will first evaluate contextual factors that influence the implementation of Choose to Move. Second, we will evaluate effectiveness of Choose to Move on older adults' physical activity, sedentary time, capacity for mobility, and social connectedness using mixed methods. To address the escalating proportion of older adults that comprise our population and low levels of physical activity among them, it seems timely to refocus away from small-scale interventions. Should Choose to Move, a scalable, evidence-based physical activity model, be successfully delivered at scale, our approach has great implications to enhance older adult health at the population level.","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45296914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Primary Care Patients with Recent Intentional Weight Loss.","authors":"Bethany Barone Gibbs, Dana Tudorascu, Cindy L Bryce, Diane Comer, Gary S Fischer, Rachel Hess, Kimberly A Huber, Kathleen M McTigue, Laurey R Simkin-Silverman, Molly B Conroy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lifestyle habits of primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss are unclear and need to be better understood to aid in translational health promotion efforts. We aimed to characterize diet and exercise habits in primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss, comparing those with greater (≥10%) vs. lesser (5 to <10%) weight loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized trial comparing weight loss maintenance interventions. The study included primary care patients, 18-75 years old, with ≥5% intentional weight loss via lifestyle change in the past 2 years. Participants (74% female, 87% white) had mean age 53 (12) years, body mass index 30.4 (5.9) kg/m², and recent weight loss of 11 (8)%. Dietary habits were measured by the Diet Habits Survey. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by self-report and objectively by pedometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, participants reported high fruits and vegetables intake (5 servings/day), and low intake of fried foods (1 serving/week), desserts (1 serving/week) and sugar-sweetened beverages (0 servings/week). Those with greater vs. lesser weight loss had higher intake of fruits and vegetables (p=0.037) and low fat foods or recipes (p=0.019). Average self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity was 319 (281) minutes/week, with significant differences between greater (374 (328) minutes/week) vs. lesser (276 (230) minutes/week) weight loss groups (p=0.017). By pedometer, 30% had ≥7,500 steps/day; the proportion was higher in greater (43%) vs. lesser (19%) weight loss groups (p=0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For weight loss, clinical patients typically employ simple strategies such as 5+ fruits and vegetables per day, fried foods and desserts ≤1 per week, elimination of sugary drinks, choosing low fat foods/recipes, and physical activity 45-60 min/day.</p>","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"2 18","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5679021/pdf/nihms886884.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35545995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Three Walking Self-monitoring Strategies.","authors":"Caroline R Richardson,&nbsp;David E Goodrich,&nbsp;Angela R Larkin,&nbsp;David Ronis,&nbsp;Robert G Holleman,&nbsp;Laura J Damschroder,&nbsp;Julie C Lowery","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Walking programs improve health outcomes in adults at risk for cardiovascular disease and self-monitoring strategies can improve adherence to such programs. The objective of this study was to determine if a six-month internet-based walking program using web-enhanced pedometers results in more weight loss than walking programs based on time or simple pedometer-step count goals in adults with or at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multi-site, randomized controlled trial of 255 male Veterans who were ambulatory, insufficiently active, BMI ≥ 28, and who reported 1 ≥ CVD risk factors. Participants were randomized to one of three self-monitoring strategies to increase walking: (1) time-based walking goals; (2) simple pedometer-based walking goals; and (3) web-enhanced pedometer feedback goals with Internet-mediated feedback. All participants also attended five individual weight loss sessions with a dietitian. The main outcome measure was change in weight at six months (kg) and secondary outcomes were change in accelerometer-measured physical activity (min) and change in health-related quality of life at six months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 255 participants had a mean age of 56.3 years (SD = 10.0), BMI=36.3 (SD = 5.3) with a mean of 5.2 (SD = 2.3) medical comorbidities. Dropouts were distributed evenly across the three groups and 72% of participants completed the program. At six months, participants in the web-enhanced pedometer arm lost significantly more weight (-1.9 kg, 95% CI=-2.7, -1.1) than those in the time-based group (-0.7 kg, 95% CI=-1.5, 0.0; p = 0.04) and simple pedometer group (-0.6 kg, 95% CI=-1.4, 0.2; p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Internet-enhanced pedometers result in greater weight loss in Veterans than walking programs using time-based walking goals or simple pedometers.</p>","PeriodicalId":75243,"journal":{"name":"Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"1 15","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/79/tjx-1-133.PMC5435380.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35015776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}