Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Occupational Respiratory and Cutaneous Allergic Diseases in Hairdressers: A Two-center Study.","authors":"Nazan Beyhan, Gülden Paçacı Çetin, Bahar Arslan, Ebru Dumlupınar, Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, İnsu Yılmaz, Ömür Aydın, Dilşad Mungan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-1-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-1-18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hairdressers are frequently exposed to various allergens in hair products, placing them at high risk for occupational allergic diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and occupational asthma (OA). Despite the large number of hairdressers in Türkiye, data on occupational allergy risk are limited. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of occupational allergic diseases in hairdressers presenting with skin or respiratory complaints and to identify common workplace allergens.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, descriptive study of hairdressers aged 18 years or older with suspected occupational allergic disease who attended outpatient allergy clinics between 2020 and 2023. Participants underwent diagnostic tests, including skin prick tests, patch tests, pulmonary function tests, and specific inhalation challenges (SIC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty hairdressers (female/male: 18/12) were included. Although 93% of participants reported using personal protective equipment, allergic diseases remained prevalent. Participants had an average of 15.1 years of professional experience, worked nearly 11 hours per day, and spent the most time per day on hair dyeing (3.1 hours/day). Among the 21 participants (70%) with ACD symptoms, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), and nitro-p-phenylenediamine were the most common allergens. Ten participants (33%) were diagnosed with asthma, and SIC confirmed OA and/or occupational rhinitis in 3 cases (10%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A considerable frequency of OA and ACD was observed among symptomatic hairdressers. Ammonium persulfate, CAPB, and nitro-p-phenylenediamine were identified as common triggers. The persistence of allergic diseases despite the use of protective equipment highlights the need for improved occupational health strategies, stronger regulations, and enhanced preventive measures in the hairdressing sector in Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Free Large Language Model-based Chatbots Can Help to Align Statistical Tests with the Study Design and Avoid Pseudo-replication.","authors":"Konradin Metze, Cauê Sousa da Silva, Irene Lorand-Metze, Amilcar Castro de Mattos","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-6-3","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-6-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"27 4","pages":"264-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Impulse Oscillometry in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Burcu Öztürk Şahin, Nurdan Köktürk","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-12-3","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-12-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although spirometry is a standard diagnostic tool for obstructive lung diseases, it is rarely performed, and the quality of basic spirometry is low in many countries. The impulse oscillometry system (IOS) is a non-invasive method that requires minimal patient cooperation and, therefore, can be performed even in the pediatric population. It has been also suggested that IOS may help to clarify the relationship between small airway disease and the underlying mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary objective of the study was to compare IOS parameters in COPD patients with those in healthy individuals. Our secondary objective was to determine the relationship between IOS parameters and standard pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Our hypothesis was that airway resistance detected by IOS would be higher in COPD patients than in controls. Hence, IOS would provide findings comparable to and correlated with those of standardized PFTs for small airway obstruction.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 104 subjects (62 patients with COPD and 42 healthy non-smoking individuals) were included in the study. All subjects underwent spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), lung-volume measurements, and IOS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>COPD patients showed significant decreases in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV₁/FVC, FEF 25-75, and DLCOadj, and significant increases in residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC) compared with the control group. In terms of IOS parameters, R5%, Z5%, Fres, and R5-R20/R5% values were significantly higher in the COPD group (<i>P</i> = 0.029, <i>P</i> = 0.022, <i>P</i> = 0.009, <i>P</i> = 0.004, respectively). The reactance area (AX) value, defined as the AX, was also significantly increased in the COPD group (<i>P</i> = 0.004). The correlation between FEF 25-75% (L/s) and R5-R20 was moderate and negative (r = -0.491, <i>P</i> < 0.001). A weak correlation (r = 0.240, <i>P</i> = 0.017) was also found between the RV/TLC ratio and R5-R20.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that airway resistance was increased in the COPD group and that IOS parameters were associated with measures of small-airway function in standard PFTs. IOS can be used as a non-invasive, patient-friendly method that complements PFTs by providing a comprehensive assessment of COPD pathology and pathophysiological changes and detecting changes in symptomatic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"241-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Brief Toxic Gas Inhalation: A Case Report.","authors":"Ali Usman Arif, Mehwish Aslam, Moiz Salahuddin, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Akbar Shoukat Ali, Hania Naveed, Tehreem Khan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-2-6","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"261-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of COVID-19 Mortality with Socioeconomic Status, Air Quality, and Housing Density.","authors":"Elif Reyhan Şahin, Ömür Güngör, Ahmet Uğur Demir, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-7-11","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-7-11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studies have reported associations between coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) mortality and socioeconomic status (SES) and air pollution, but few have investigated the association with housing density. This ecological study aims to demonstrate the relationship between the COVID-19 mortality rate and these variables in the districts of Ankara.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>COVID-19 mortality rate calculations were based on data from the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality Cemetery Directorate. Air pollution data for the five years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic were obtained from the North Anatolia Clean Air Regional Directorate. The SES values for each district were divided into five categories. Housing density was calculated by dividing the number of households by the area of the district in square kilometers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levels of NO_X, O₃, PM_2.5, and NO (r = 0.78, 0.84, 0.74, and 0.80, respectively) and district-level SES (r = 0.43) were found to be moderately correlated with COVID-19-related deaths. COVID-19-related deaths were positively correlated with housing density (r = 0.68, <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These variables interact closely and are correlated with COVID-19 mortality across districts of Ankara.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Accountability in Scientific Writing: The Author's Responsibility.","authors":"Metin Akgün","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026.100726","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026.100726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"27 4","pages":"198-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endobronchial Ultrasonography (EBUS) with Lymph Node Aspiration: On-site Evaluation and Final Pathology Correlation.","authors":"Ferhan Karataş, Makbule Çisel Aydın Meriçöz, Işıl Uzel, Tuğçe Yakut, Emine Karabul, Öner Dikensoy","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-11-1","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-11-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) during endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) may improve sample adequacy and expedite clinical decision-making; however, its impact on diagnostic performance and concordance with final pathology remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed consecutive adult patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA between February 2023 and January 2024. ROSE adequacy, final diagnostic adequacy, and ROSE-final pathology concordance were calculated. Factors associated with these outcomes were assessed using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-five patients (mean age 65±13.8 years; 62.2% male) and 203 targets were sampled with 683 aspirations (3.4±1.8 passes/station). Based on lymph node (LN) level ROSE sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 76.6%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 85.4%, and 90.1%, respectively. The adequacy rates were 89.7% for ROSE and 90.6% for final pathology, and the ROSE-final pathology concordance was 88.2%. Diagnostic discordance occurred in 11.8% of the nodes, most of which were related to limitations in tumor subtyping. A greater number of needle passes was positively associated with ROSE adequacy (<i>P</i> = 0.038) and final adequacy (<i>P</i> = 0.021), whereas a larger LN diameter favored final adequacy (<i>P</i> = 0.045). Larger LNs and greater experience of the final-diagnosis pathologist were associated with lower ROSE-final diagnosis concordance (<i>P</i> = 0.026 and <i>P</i> = 0.015, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ROSE during EBUS-TBNA yielded high sensitivity and overall accuracy, demonstrated strong sample adequacy, and showed substantial concordance with the final pathology. Optimizing the number of passes and considering LN size can enhance adequacy, and recognizing the limitations of cytological subtyping and potential observer variability is essential for multidisciplinary decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"222-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emphysema or Bronchiectasis with Pulmonary Nodules: Impact on The Risk of Malignancy.","authors":"Ayşegül Gencer, Ersan Atahan, Bilun Gemicioğlu, Şermin Börekçi, Buket Çalışkaner Öztürk","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-10-10","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-10-10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The increasing use of computed tomography (CT) has led to a significant rise in the detection of pulmonary nodules. This has resulted in more studies aimed at identifying risk factors associated with increased detection of early-stage lung cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of coexisting emphysema or bronchiectasis on the incidence of malignancy in pulmonary nodules.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 212 patients with pulmonary nodules detected on CT images. They were divided into three groups based on the presence of emphysema or bronchiectasis. The effects of demographic factors and pulmonary nodule characteristics on malignancy were evaluated in these groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparison of the incidence of malignancy in pulmonary nodules across groups showed no significant difference in the emphysema or bronchiectasis groups compared with the control group (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contrary to what is frequently reported in the literature, the presence of emphysema was not found to be a risk factor for lung cancer in this study. The presence of bronchiectasis was also found not to be a risk factor; however, there are insufficient data in the literature on this point.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"215-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not All Corridors are Equal: Corridor Length Affects 6-minute Walk Test Performance-A Randomized Crossover Trial.","authors":"Melissa Köprülüoğlu, Elvan Felekoğlu, Büşra Türk, İlknur Naz","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-12-2","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2025-12-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The recommended corridor length for the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is 30 meters. However, it is not always feasible in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to compare walking distance and hemodynamic responses during 6MWTs performed in 10-, 20-, and 30-meter corridors in healthy young adults.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Thirty-four healthy young adults (mean age: 21.2±1.5 years; female/male: 25/9) completed three randomized 6MWTs in 10-, 20-, and 30-meter corridors on separate days and with a crossover design. Walking distance, mean walking speed, and step counts were measured. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, dyspnea, and fatigue were recorded at baseline (Pre), immediately post-test (Post), and at 3 (R3) and 5 (R5) minutes of recovery. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test with post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Bonferroni correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Walking distance and speed were significantly lower in the 10-meter corridor than in the 20- and 30-meter corridors (<i>P</i> < 0.05), whereas step counts did not differ (<i>P</i> = 0.065). Hemodynamic responses were similar in all tests, except for increased post-test fatigue and dyspnea at R5 during the 10-meter corridor test (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although hemodynamic responses were comparable across different corridor lengths, the 10-meter corridor led to an underestimation of walking distance by ~60 meters and to increased subjective fatigue and dyspnea. A 20-meter corridor may serve as a feasible alternative when the standard 30-meter corridor is unavailable in clinical practice, whereas a 10-meter corridor should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"235-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rifabutin Cross-resistance and Associated <i>rpoB</i> Mutations in Rifampicin-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Complex Isolates.","authors":"Nalan Sürücüoğlu, Süheyla Sürücüoğlu, Nuri Özkütük","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-1-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2026.2026-1-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to phenotypically evaluate rifabutin susceptibility in rifampicin-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex isolates and to identify, through DNA sequence analysis of the rifampicin resistance-determining region (RRDR), specific <i>rpoB</i> mutations associated with rifabutin susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 43 rifampicin-resistant and 23 rifampicin-susceptible (control) <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex isolates, collected between 2000 and 2020 at the Mycobacteriology Laboratories of Manisa Celal Bayar University and Ege University Faculty of Medicine, were included. Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing was performed using the MGIT 960 system. Mutations in a 682-bp fragment encompassing the 81-bp RRDR of the <i>rpoB</i> gene were investigated by Sanger sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 43 rifampicin-resistant isolates, 39 (91%) were resistant to rifabutin, while four (9%) remained susceptible. All rifampicin-susceptible isolates were also susceptible to rifabutin. A total of 44 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in rifampicin-resistant isolates, whereas no mutations were observed in the control group. Seven distinct mutation patterns were identified, including one isolate with a double mutation. The most common mutations were S531L (76%), H526Y (12%), and D516Y (4%). The mutations D516Y, L511P, and L533P, as well as the M515I+D516Y double mutation, were associated with rifabutin susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early identification of <i>rpoB</i> mutations associated with rifabutin susceptibility may allow substitution of rifampicin with rifabutin in selected rifampicin-resistant cases, potentially improving treatment outcomes and limiting the emergence of resistance to second-line drugs. Further <i>in vitro</i> studies, including minimum inhibitory concentration testing, and additional clinical data on rifabutin-containing regimens are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}