Theriogenology wild最新文献

{"title":"Follicle-like and other novel structures found in ovaries of aged white rhinoceroses and their potential impact on oocyte recovery rate","authors":"R. Appeltant ,&nbsp;R. Hermes ,&nbsp;S. Holtze ,&nbsp;T.B. Hildebrandt ,&nbsp;S.A. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Female rhinoceroses have an ovarian reserve that consists of immature oocytes in primordial follicles. Establishing methods to grow and culture these oocytes from those follicles in the laboratory might fuel efforts towards <em>in vitro</em> embryo production in this species without the need for repeated in vivo oocyte collection. In depth understanding of the biology behind and improvement of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) is the only option for preventing the disappearance of functionally extinct species such as the northern white rhinoceros. In vitro follicle development can only be obtained by in depth knowledge on rhinoceros ovarian histology. In addition to known ovarian features, we identified numerous undescribed structural and molecular ovarian characteristics from adult southern white rhinoceros (n=3). Ovarian sections were stained with H&amp;E, PAS or Masson Trichrome and molecular analyses (hyaluronic acid detection, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay) were performed to identify proliferation, extracellular matrix, pluripotency markers, hormones, enzymes, markers for inflammation or endocrine glands, blood vessel presence, oocyte markers and apoptosis. Besides degenerating, deformed, or luteinized follicles, analysis revealed several ‘follicle-like structures’ (FLS) that deviated from the expected follicle appearance. Most importantly, the majority of FLS did not contain any oocyte and were comprised of a collection of cells organised around fluid islands with or without an antral cavity. The discovery and description of FLS in aged southern white rhinoceroses may play a role in poor oocyte recovery rates in ovum pick-up (OPU) in older rhinoceroses. It remains to be investigated whether FLS might be present on ovaries from other rhinoceros species and whether they might serve as a general indicator for oocyte recovery success in aged females.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000278/pdfft?md5=4cbc7c0db66306ffa18200bec99a786a&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000278-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the utility of harvester-collected samples for muskox (Ovibos moschatus) pregnancy diagnostics","authors":"Olivia Hee ,&nbsp;Mathieu Pruvot ,&nbsp;Fabien Mavrot ,&nbsp;Eleanor R. Dickinson ,&nbsp;Gabriela F. Mastromonaco ,&nbsp;Kugluktuk Angoniatit Association ,&nbsp;Olokhaktomiut Hunters and Trappers Committee ,&nbsp;Ekaluktutiak Hunters and Trappers Organization ,&nbsp;Lisa-Marie Leclerc ,&nbsp;John Blake ,&nbsp;Carla Willetto ,&nbsp;Jan Adamczewski ,&nbsp;Susan Kutz","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring wildlife health in remote and vast regions of the Arctic can be difficult and expensive, but community-based monitoring programs can help alleviate these issues. Reliable bio-monitoring tools, compatible with sample types collected from remote regions, are needed to determine indicators of population health, such as reproductive rates. We sought to establish methods to diagnose pregnancy in muskoxen (<em>Ovibos moschatus)</em> using samples that are commonly collected in harvester-based sampling programs: blood on filter paper and feces. We first evaluated three pregnancy tests, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) on filter paper blood samples and fecal progesterone and estrogen metabolites (FPM and FEM), using 12 captive female muskoxen of known pregnancy status. Pregnancy diagnostics using PAG were highly sensitive (100 %) and specific (100 %), with a diagnostic threshold of 19.4 percent positivity (%P) relative to the positive control of the test kit. FPM and FEM diagnostic accuracy differed by hormone and time period. FPM was most accurate in mid-gestation and FEM most accurate in late gestation (sensitivities and specificities of 100 %), but both were overall less accurate than the PAG test during gestation. PAG %P followed a biphasic pattern during gestation, FPM peaked in mid-gestation, and FEM peaked in late-gestation. Following the captive trial, we applied these tests to fecal samples and blood on filter paper samples from 159 adult female muskoxen that were submitted by harvesters through community-based monitoring programs in the Canadian Arctic. The observed patterns of PAG, FPM, and FEM in wild muskoxen throughout gestation were similar to captive muskoxen, though with lower levels of the respective biomarker, requiring different diagnostic thresholds for each test. This work with captive and wild muskoxen provides guidelines for pregnancy diagnostics in muskoxen throughout gestation using samples that can be easily collected by harvesters, allowing for improved monitoring of difficult to access populations through community-based approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000412/pdfft?md5=130f23080a148c8f3bea68c9242a8da0&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000412-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic tubal ligature in pumas (Puma concolor): A technique allied with conservation","authors":"Thyara Deco-Souza ,&nbsp;Lucas Cazati ,&nbsp;Letícia Alecho Requena ,&nbsp;Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto ,&nbsp;Sofia Regina Polizelle ,&nbsp;Silvana Marques Caramalac ,&nbsp;Simone Marques Caramalac ,&nbsp;Roberta Ferreira Leite ,&nbsp;Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto ,&nbsp;Gediendson Ribeiro de Araujo","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing presence of pumas (<em>Puma concolor</em>) in <em>ex situ</em> environments poses challenges in managing individual accommodations, necessitating contraceptive practices to allow more individuals to cohabit in the same enclosure. The current pioneering study aimed to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic tubal ligature (LTL) as a contraceptive alternative to vasectomy in pumas. It sought to contribute to <em>ex situ</em> conservation strategies by enabling the cohabitation of couples without reproduction. With appropriate management authorizations and ethical evaluation, the LTL technique was applied to three adult females, followed by ovarian hormonal stimulation and laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU). The findings affirmed the efficacy and safety of LTL, which proved to be a robust contraceptive method without postoperative complications and effective in preventing gestation after multiple matings attempts. Notably, the ovarian function was preserved, allowing for successful oocyte collection via LOPU. This approach offers a less invasive alternative to traditional surgical ligature, aligning more closely with ethical standards for animal conservation by allowing for the minimally invasive acquisition of female gametes and embodying the One Conservation concept, which advocates a holistic approach to reproductive conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X2400014X/pdfft?md5=48625b10e96b5de9cc30671761ed04c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X2400014X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation of teleost fishes: Application of reproductive technologies","authors":"Ian Mayer ,&nbsp;Martin Pšenička","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fishes are by far the most species-rich group of vertebrates, with 36,105 species currently recognised, approximately the same number of species as that of all non-fish vertebrates combined. Recent decades have witnessed dramatic population declines for many fish species, together with a loss in overall fish biodiversity. Globally, fish biodiversity is being threatened by a multitude of anthropogenic impacts including overfishing, habitat loss, pollution, aquaculture, loss of river connectivity, climate change and the impact of alien species. Nowhere is the world’s biodiversity crisis more acute than in freshwater ecosystems. While rivers, lakes and wetlands cover less than 1% of the planet’s total surface, they are home to over half the world´s fish species. One third of freshwater fishes are now threatened with extinction, and 80 species are already extinct. This review covers the main drivers of declining fish biodiversity, and details remedial strategies aimed at conserving both marine and freshwater fish biodiversity. The preservation of genetic resources through the cryobanking of reproductive cells and tissues, collectively known as germplasm, will be a valuable tool in the conservation of fish biodiversity. With the help of a range of emerging reproductive technologies, frozen germplasm will play a key role in future <em>in situ</em> and <em>ex situ</em> conservation initiatives. The ability to establish cryo-banks for the full range of fish germplasm, including sperm, oocytes, embryos and germ cells represents a powerful tool for use in the conservation of threatened fish species. The rapid advance in next-generation sequencing technologies, together with the proliferation of resources such as fully sequenced fish genomes is expected to result in a rapid expansion in the application of conservation genomics to the conservation and management of fish populations, and be instrumental in formulating mitigations directed at conserving fish biodiversity, through both in situ and ex situ conservation initiatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000096/pdfft?md5=8dcb549a111c707a4c2b76651a15118d&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140062612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive analysis of the sperm of three South American catfish species maintained ex situ and the influence of morphology on sperm movement","authors":"Bruna Bitencourt da Costa ,&nbsp;Rômulo Batista Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Jayme Aparecido Povh ,&nbsp;Eduardo Antônio Sanches ,&nbsp;Nathalia dos Santos Teixeira ,&nbsp;Thales de Souza França ,&nbsp;Louise Nex Spica ,&nbsp;Thales Lysakowski Flores Machado ,&nbsp;Jhony Lisbôa Benato ,&nbsp;Camila Vargas Stawinski ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Yutaka Dichoff Kasai ,&nbsp;Danilo Pedro Streit Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Phractocephalus hemioliopterus</em>, <em>Hemisorubim platyrhynchos</em>, and <em>Zungaro zungaro</em> are native of South American rivers whose population is being threatened by the damming of rivers to build hydroelectric dams, fishing pressure and environmental degradation. Basic information on these species’ reproductive characteristics is necessary to enable production in captivity. The aim of this study was to present descriptive data regarding the sperm parameters of these three species maintained in captivity, the correlations between these parameters, and relevant factors, and how these issues can affect sperm quality. Sperm was collected and diluted in Beltsville Thawing Solution after hormonal induction with carp pituitary extract. The evaluated parameters for <em>Hemisorubim platyrhynchos</em>, <em>Phractocephalus hemioliopterus</em>, and <em>Zungaro zungaro</em> were, respectively: Sperm concentration (×10⁹) was 3.00, 1.77, and 1.40 sperm mL⁻¹; Sperm total length was 93.2, 91.4, and 79.4 μm; Motility rate was 71.8, 73.5, and 61.7%; Normal sperm was 35.5, 38.8, and 30.2%. Describing sperm characteristics is extremely important for the artificial reproduction of fish in captivity, contributing to the knowledge on the reproductive biology of the species. In the present study, we discuss these issues to build the knowledge necessary for sperm characterization of these little-studied species. Our results suggest that the morphological abnormalities can affect motility and sperm movement kinetics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000114/pdfft?md5=297ad77bddf5611a745cc061f3f47341&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000114-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140187846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: The role of prolactin in the maternal investment-survival balance","authors":"Tim E.R.G. Huijsmans ,&nbsp;Ann Van Soom ,&nbsp;Katrien Smits ,&nbsp;Jella Wauters ,&nbsp;Thomas B. Hildebrandt","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prolactin is a protein hormone that plays a regulating role in many physiological processes across mammalian species, but the two primary functions it exerts are the development of the mammary glands and milk production. This review will focus on the potential key role of prolactin in the hormonal control of maternal investment and survival in mammals. Prolactin has been demonstrated to influence maternal investment throughout the complete investment process from ovulation and implantation to gestation and lactation, highlighting its essential role in this balance. Different stressors may affect prolactin secretion, and therefore, be a trigger to lower or stop maternal investment. Hence, comprehending prolactin's function in maternal investment and survival strategies can have important implications for our understanding of reproductive success and failure, potentially benefiting conservation efforts to protect endangered species. Since the role of prolactin is inconsistent in different mammalian species, species-specific research is mandatory to determine the exact role of prolactin in individual maternal survival-investment strategies. The current knowledge on this topic is highlighted in the present review but is also illustrative of the fact that many areas of prolactin related research remain underexposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000400/pdfft?md5=e0a971b596ff93116fa2e2f7a8c78702&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000400-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysterotomy, fetus removal, and sterilization in pregnant capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris): A strategy for population control and Brazilian spotted fever prevention","authors":"Fernanda Battistella Passos-Nunes ,&nbsp;Fabiana Morse Gosson Jorge ,&nbsp;Mariana Passos Nunes ,&nbsp;Alexia Gazzola Steiner ,&nbsp;Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto ,&nbsp;Antonio Chaves de Assis Neto ,&nbsp;Marcelo Bahia Labruna ,&nbsp;Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores a novel surgical method for population control in pregnant capybaras (<em>Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris</em>) within areas endemic to Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), a disease caused by the bacterium <em>Rickettsia rickettsii</em> and transmitted by the <em>Amblyomma</em> sp. tick. The proposed technique involves fetus removal and sterilization through a cesarean section performed along the <em>linea alba</em>. Conducted on 43 capybaras in São Paulo, Brazil, with all necessary ethical and legal clearances, the surgical procedure featured a periumbilical incision through the <em>linea alba</em> for direct uterine access, facilitation fetal removal and subsequent uterine horn ligature for complete sterilization. The technique proved efficient, with surgeries lasting between 60 and 90 minutes and incisions spanning 5–7 cm, offering minimal hemorrhage, and avoiding excessive abdominal viscera manipulation. Post-surgery, anesthetic recovery was smooth, and no sterilized females produce offspring after the procedure, underscoring the method's effectiveness for capybara population control. This is particularly significant in urban areas where human-capybara interactions are increasing due to residential expansion. The proposed surgical approach demonstrated herein presents a time-efficient and effective strategy for BSF prevention by controlling capybara population. In conclusion, the cesarean section along the <em>linea alba</em> emerges as a viable option for reproductive control in capybaras, with positive outcomes observed in tissue samples and overall animal health condition supporting its application in BSF-endemic regions to help reduce disease incidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000163/pdfft?md5=6de94e973e0d8bf2a27476f918786105&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000163-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140540728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First successful artificial insemination of a reptile using frozen-thawed semen","authors":"Mark R. Sandfoss ,&nbsp;Tonia S. Schwartz ,&nbsp;Alexis Lindsey ,&nbsp;Gary Wigman ,&nbsp;Palmer Mihalevich ,&nbsp;Steve Reichling ,&nbsp;Beth M. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) has considerable value for conservation. However, their development has been limited to relatively few species of charismatic megafauna. Non-avian reptiles are incredibly speciose and up to a third are threatened with extinction, but progress developing and implementing ARTs into conservation programs has lagged other taxonomic groups. Here, we describe successful artificial insemination of an endangered snake using frozen-thawed semen within the context of a species recovery program. Six female Louisiana pinesnakes (<em>Pituophis ruthveni</em>) were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen from six donor males resulting in oviposition of two fertile cutches producing three viable hatchlings. Paternity of hatchlings was confirmed using genetic analyses. This is the first documented case of successful artificial insemination using frozen-thawed semen in a reptile and is a significant step forward in the conservation of reptiles. The methods described here hold the potential for zoos and conservation organizations to diversify reptile gene pools in captivity and the transfer of genetic material between wild populations and captive breeding programs. In addition, the ability to use frozen-thawed semen for AI emphasizes the conservation value of establishing cryobanks for reptile semen. The development and implementation of ARTs in recovery programs for reptiles has great conservation potential and warrants exploration across a broader range of species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine tubal ligation via mini-laparotomy in South American coatis (Nasua nasua)","authors":"Gilberto Nogueira Penido Junior ,&nbsp;Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto ,&nbsp;Liliane Milanelo ,&nbsp;Derek Andrew Rosenfield ,&nbsp;Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Population management is becoming critically important for species that inhabit urban areas, particularly due to the public health risks they pose. The South American coatis (<em>Nasua nasua</em>), recognized as synanthropic species in Brazil, have raised increasing concerns due to their cohabitation with humans, especially in recreational settings such as parks, where the potential for zoonotic disease transmission is heightened. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a minimally invasive sterilization method for female South American coatis, employing tubal ligation via mini-laparotomy. A total of nine females were selected for this procedure, which was performed in both an ecological park and a zoo setting. The techniques employed involved either the application of titanium hemostatic clips (n = 2) or a nylon suture (n = 7). The results demonstrated that the nylon suture technique was not only quicker (12.7 ± 1.7 vs. 47.5 ± 2.5 min) and more cost-effective but also maintained effective contraception. There were no recorded instances of pregnancy among the sterilized females, whether they were later exposed to males in captivity or recaptured in the wild. Furthermore, the procedure did not alter the social dynamics or sexual behaviors of the coatis upon their return to their natural habitat. The methods used in this study were proven to be safe, enabling quick recovery and showing no post-surgical complications, highlighting their viability for managing populations of synanthropic species in urban environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000187/pdfft?md5=8fdc704d6abdf4530a5a399164998e1d&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140816686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different fixation and staining techniques on sperm morphometry and morphology in the Florida manatee","authors":"Jonathan R. Cowart ,&nbsp;Sofia N. Danford ,&nbsp;Danielle M. Collins ,&nbsp;Briana-Lee Schaffner ,&nbsp;Connor Kelligrew ,&nbsp;Iskande V. Larkin","doi":"10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Computer-aided sperm morphology analysis (CASMA) is quickly becoming the industry standard for objective morphometric analysis of sperm. For efficient and accurate sperm analysis via CASMA, species-specific optimization of fixation and staining techniques is necessary. This is especially true for novel species, such as marine mammals, where information regarding the spermatozoon is significantly limited. Adding to the growing knowledge of marine mammal sperm, this study investigated the effects that different fixatives and stains had on sperm head morphometry and morphology of Florida manatee (<em>Trichechus manatus latirostris</em>) sperm. Sperm were collected postmortem from four recently deceased Florida manatees and fixed in one of three different fixatives: Formalin 10 Equine Semen Diluent, 2.5 % glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, or 4 % paraformaldehyde. Sperm were then stained using one of four different stains: SpermBlue®, Quick III™, Hemacolor™, or Coomassie blue. A total of 200 sperm from each manatee were analyzed for each fixative:stain combination using the Sperm Class Analyzer® computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) system for the eight standard head morphometric parameters. Sperm morphology was assessed visually using brightfield microscopy for different morphological abnormalities. Both fixation and staining independently had significant effects on sperm head size and shape when compared across all treatments. As the true morphometry of unfixed and unstained Florida manatee sperm is still unknown, it is unable to be determined which fixative:stain combination imposes the least effect on sperm head morphometry and is thus optimal for the analysis of Florida manatee sperm using CASMA. Opportunistic field sampling of marine mammal sperm imposes logistical constraints which may limit the ability to compare methodologies utilizing different fixatives and staining combinations. Continued research is needed for optimization and standardization of sperm processing, fixation, staining, and analysis of Florida manatee sperm as well as sperm from other marine mammal species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75220,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology wild","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773093X24000333/pdfft?md5=01b848b697c8bd27dad1adc496cba229&pid=1-s2.0-S2773093X24000333-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141481005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}