Agriculture and Forestry最新文献

{"title":"THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEM FOR THE FORMATION OF CORN (ZÉA MÁYS) HYBRIDS GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY","authors":"Yurii Shcatula, O. Matsera, T. Zabarna","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of our investigation was to determine the influence of different mineral fertilizer rates on the formation of corn hybrids productivity and their dependence on hydrothermal conditions. Medium-early hybrid SY Fenomen (FAO 220) and medium-ripe SY Torino (FAO 310) were selected and analysed for research. The corn fertilization system consists of three methods:Main, row and top dressing. Under conditions of optimal fertilization inthe growing season corn can provide high yields on almost all soils.almost all soils. Scientists distinguish two important stages of plant developmentcorn, the so-called critical phases, regarding the provision of their macro- andmicroelements, these are the phases of 3-5 and 7-8 leaves. From the provision of elementsnutrition, especially pay attention to the presence of phosphorus, depends onthe formed number of cobs on the plant and grains on them. Corn reacts strongly to nitrogen fertilization. To ensurehigh efficiency of its application and optimization of the dose, in addition to samplingsamples and expected yields, it is necessary to determine the amount of nitrogen contained in the soil.Contained in the soil. The amount of soil nitrogen can be very different andrange from 20-100 kg N depending on the predecessor and itsnutrition, soil class and agricultural practices used. Nitrogen is the most important of all nutrients that affect the level ofcorn yield. Corn consumes nitrogen up to the phase of 8 leaves, until thismoment only 2-3% of nitrogen is absorbed, from the phase of 8 leaves to the phase of dryingflower columns (hair) on the cobs - 85% of the total amount of nitrogen.The rest of the nitrogen corn continues to consume almost until the beginning of cobs. The influence of mineral fertilizers on the formation of individual productivity and the use of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N128P128K128 + N70 provided the highest height of maize plants 212.6 cm for SY Fenomen and 227.4 cm for SY Torino. The height of cob attachment under these conditions was 82.7-88.4 cm. Additional use of 70 kg of nitrogen on the background of N128P128K128 allowed to form the highest biometric values of the cob. Thus, in the hybrid SY Fenomen the length was 24.4 cm and the diameter was 5.1 cm, while in the SY Torino hybrid it was 25.6 and 5.3 cm, respectively. The use of a complete fertilizer system (N128P128K128 + N70) in the cultivation of corn hybrids has increased grain yield from cobs to 82.8-83.6% against 79.5-80.8% in control, and accordingly the weight of 1000 seeds up to 336-345 g against 318-329. The use of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the formation of grain productivity indicators of corn hybrids. And the more nitrogen fertilizers were applied, the higher was the yield. Compared to the variant without fertilizer, the yield of corn hybrids increased by 83-90% and amounted to 12.18-12.88 t ha-1.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73484274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE PROTECTION SYSTEM ON LIMITATION OF THE NUMBER OF MAIN PESTS IN CORN CROPS","authors":"Nina Rudska","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the theoretical generalization and solution of the problem, which consists in the development and substantiated elements of the system of protecting corn from a complex of pests and controlling their number in the conditions of the Vinnytsia district, which is based on the clarification of the species composition of phytophages in corn crops, their harmfulness and limiting the number when applied insecticides for seed treatment and spraying of crops with chemical preparations. The species composition of the harmful entomofauna of corn was clarified and 32 species of insects from 7 orders and one species of mites were identified. The order was dominated by Coleoptera – 45,2% and Lepidoptera – 15,2%. Diptera and thrips were the least numerous in corn crops – 5,3%. The most numerous families in corn crops are determined to be weevils, weevils, lamellae, and leaf-eaters. It was established that the biggest threat to the seeds and seedlings of corn was the larvae of weevils (Elateridae) and the larvae of plate-bearded beetles (Scarabaeidae), and the most dangerous pest of generative organs during the years of corn research was the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.). Therefore, the corn crop protection system was implemented to limit the number of the above-mentioned phytophages. The effectiveness of modern insecticides against the dominant pests of corn and optimized methods of their application were evaluated. It was established that the highest technical efficiency of insecticide poisons was noted in variants with poisoners Force Zea 280 FS (5,5 l/t) and Poncho 600 FS (2,5 l/t). 82,2% and 81,1% for whitefly larvae; Poncho 600 FS – 81,8% and 82,6%, respectively, while the density of pest larvae was almost 4.5 times higher than in the control, and the yield preservation was at the level of 0,69–1,19 t/ha . When testing insecticides against cotton bollworm caterpillars on corn crops, the highest technical efficiency was provided by the insecticides: Koragen 20 hp. (0,15 l/ha) – 86,0% and Ampligo 150 ZC, FC (0.2 l/ha) – 80,5%. With the use of the investigated insecticides, the yield of corn exceeded the control. The saved yield was 0,23–0,32 t/ha.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84145640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL OAK FORESTS AND NATURAL RENEWAL IN THE CONDITIONS OF SE «TULCHINSKE LMG»","authors":"I. Neiko, M. Matusiak, Yu.A. Yelisavenko, Snizhana Pankova","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"It was established that the territory of the farm belongs to the following forest categories: forests of nature protection, scientific, historical and cultural purposes – 1322.4 ha; recreational and health forests – 718 ha; protective forests – 3837.9 ha; exploitation forests – 17,407.7 ha. As a result of conducted field research within the forest fund of the enterprise, it was established that plantations over 100 years old are characterized by the predominance of common oak with the participation of common ash in the composition. It has been established that within the boundaries of the forest and hunting economy, among the areas where it is planned to carry out felling for the main use, plantations that are classified as exploitation forests predominate. The total area of such plantations is 152.3 hectares, and the number of plots is 47. It was determined that the number of areas of oak forests over 100 years old that will be felled in the next audit period during felling of the main use in protective and recreational forests is 6 and 5, respectively. According to the above results, out of the total number of main-use felling plots – 58 forest stands of fresh hornbeam forest – 55. Only 3 plots are located in wet hornbeam forest. Accordingly, the largest areas of main felling areas – 179.9 hectares – are concentrated in fresh hornbeam forest. It was investigated that the territory of the farm belongs to high credit standings (credit rating 1-1a-2). The largest number and area of plots is characterized by the 1st rating (42 plots with an area of 114.0 ha). There are almost 2-3 times less plots of 2 rating (15 plots, with an area of 68.3 hectares). In the process of conducting research, we discovered a significant number of stands with possible natural regeneration. The total share of such stands in relation to the total number is 3.75 %, and from the total area – 4.88 %. Accordingly, the maximum area of a separate plot is 10.5 hectares, and the minimum is 2.5 hectares. According to the conducted research, out of 80 plots, 37 lack any natural regeneration in sufficient quantity.It was determined that the average age of natural renewal is 11 years. The height is 3.6 m, the density of natural regeneration is 7.7 thousand pieces/ha, the average age is 23.6 years.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79439272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE FORMATION OF THE SYMBIOTIC POTENTIAL OF LENTIL DEPENDS ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF ITS FOOD IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT RIVER","authors":"Serhiy Korshevnyuk","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the results of the study of the peculiarities of the formation of the symbiotic apparatus and the symbiotic potential of Linza lentils depending on the use of inoculation, treatment of seeds with trace elements and the use of a system of foliar feeding. The peculiarities of the formation of the symbiotic apparatus of lentils are considered in view of its biological features and technological aspects of cultivation. It was determined that both the maximum number of nodules and their raw weight had a maximum formation at the phenological phase of bean formation in the variant of a complex combination of inoculation, seed treatment and two foliar feedings in the amount of 40.8 pcs./plant and 324.7 mg/plant, respectively. For the same option, the maximum indicators of active nodules of 35.9 pcs./plant (at 86.46% share of active nodules) and 276.3 mg/plant were determined, respectively. At the same time, the average share of influence in the dispersion system for the formation of indicators was, respectively, for the annual variance of conditions 22.51% and 16.39%, for inoculation 55.0% and 61.03%, for seed treatment with trace elements 4.34% and 8 .33%, for the use of foliar fertilization 14.52% and 16.3%. It was established that the maximum average value of both ZSP and ASP in the interphase period of bean formation-reach is 3.69 g days/plant and 2.30 g days/plant, and the minimum for the interphase period of stemming-budding is 0.38 and 0.33 g day/plant, respectively. The minimum value of both ZSP and ASP was noted in the variant without the application of additional measures to optimize the nutrition of lentils with an average value in the section of the calculated interphase periods at the level of 0.82 and 0.37 g days/plant, respectively, and the minimum - in the variant of the complex application of factors of the experiment - 3.62 and 3.04 g day/plant or in hectare expression 9.18 thousand kg day/ha and 6.92 thousand kg day/ha, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77051936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON GROWTH PROCESSES AND GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF NUTU","authors":"Yurii Shcatula, V. Votyk","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-14","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpeas are a high-tech legume crop, so the improvement of scientifically sound technology of chickpea cultivation is a priority among agricultural producers. The article presents the results of the study of the effect of soil herbicides, the microbial preparation Rhizobophyte and the biofungicide preparation Biopolicide on the growth, development and productivity of chickpea plants. There is a clear dependence and positive effect of microbial preparations on the height of chickpea plants, grain yield of chickpea varieties Triumph and Rosanna when used in combination with herbicides. When combined before sowing chickpea seeds with the microbial drug Rhizobophyte (1,0 l/t) and biofungicide Biopolicide (100 ml/t) and application of this background soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% k.e., at the rate of 1,2 l/ha contribute to the control of weeds in chickpea crops, intensive growth and development of cultivated plants in height, a significant increase in the yield of chickpea seeds. In particular, the height of the plants of chickpea variety Rosanna in the phase of full flowering on average over the years of research was within 59.4 cm, and the increase before control was 23,6 cm. The number of beans formed per plant was within 19,41 pieces. The yield of chickpeas of Rosanna variety in these areas was within 2,28 t/ha, the increase before control was 1,74 t/ha or 322%. Thus, the effectiveness of the basic physiological and biochemical processes of the phases of growth and development of chickpea plants depends on a number of elements: agronomic, seed inoculation, the use of chemical and biological pesticides. The yield of chickpea seeds depends on the control of weeds in its crops, in particular, the application of the soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% of the active ingredient, at the consumption rate of 1.2 l/ha, as well as the complex pre-sowing treatment of chickpea seeds with the biological preparation Rhizobophyt, 1.0 l/t + biofungicidal drug Biopolicid, 100 ml/t. These measures contribute to the yield of Rosanna chickpea seeds at the level of 2.28 t/ha.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90540490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF FOLIAR FERTILIZERS ON SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"O. Kovalenko, V. Palamarchuk, M. Korkhova, Ruslan Neroda","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the results of scientific research on the peculiarities of the productivity formation of sunflower hybrids Darius, NK Kamen, Tutti, depending on foliar top-dressing of micronutrients in soil and climatic conditions of the Mykolaiv region. There is a direct dependence of crop growth and its formation on the optimal combination of weather and climatic conditions and nutrients of crops. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented by chernozem southern low-humus dusty-heavy loam on brownish-pile forest-like loams. According to the content of mobile elements, the soil is characterized by an average content of nitrogen and phosphorus and a very high content of potassium. In the field experiment, sunflower cultivation techniques were generally accepted for the area, except for the variants studied according to the experimental scheme. In the variants where microfertilizers were studied, foliar feeding of sunflower hybrid plants was performed according to the experimental scheme. In a two-factor field experiment during 2020-2021, the yield and seed quality of high-oleic sunflower hybrids depending on the timing of microfertilizers were studied. The studied sunflower hybrids are included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine and are recommended for cultivation in the Steppe zone. The results of the study showed that foliar fertilization with microfertilizers affects the performance of individual productivity, in particular when applying Quantum in the phase of 6-8 leaves on crops of sunflower hybrid NK Kamen husk was 21.1%, which is less than the control (without microfertilizers) by 0, 8%, and the weight of 1000 seeds was 2.6% larger, and accordingly the diameter of the basket increased by 1.2 cm. The effect of microfertilizers on the yield of the studied hybrids was also different: on average over the years the highest yield was formed by applying the drug Quantum in the phase of 6-8 leaves, and was: in the hybrid Darius 2.26 t / ha, in the hybrid NK Kamen − 2.55 t / ha and in the hybrid Tutti − 2.41 t / ha; Foliar fertilization significantly affected the quality of fat, in particular, the highest oil yield was obtained by applying Quantum in the phase of 6-8 leaves in the hybrid NK Kamen – at 13.4 kg / ha, which is more than the control (without microfertilizers) by 2.2 kg / ha, and the smallest − for the use of Rostock in the phase of 6-8 leaves, in the hybrid Darius, which amounted to 10.5 h / ha, which is more than the control of 1.2 h / ha. According to the research results, it is recommended to to carry out sowing in field crop rotations as the best option for NK Kamen sunflower hybrid under the condition of foliar top-dressing with Kvantum microfertilizer with a working fluid consumption rate of 4 l/ha in the culture phase of 6-8 leaves.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75146385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION OF WEEDINESS OF THE WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM UNDER THE EXPERIENCE FIELD OF VNAU","authors":"I. Didur, Serhii Bogomaz","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the results of studying the features of the formation of the level of weediness of winter wheat agrocenosis with gradually increasing rates of nitrogen nutrition against the background of the recommended rates of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. A literature review of scientific sources on the impact of the level of mineral nutrition on the formation of segetal vegetation in winter wheat is carried out. The species and generic composition of weeds was determined taking into account various fertilizer options in quantitative and percentage values, on the basis of which a generalization with respect to the specifics of additional mineral nutrition from the standpoint of influencing the growth in the number of the most dominant species and genera of weeds was made. The effect of fertilizers on the indicators of quantitatively weighted weediness, which ultimately made it possible to formulate a useful interval for reducing the level of weediness by a certain interval for increasing the fertilizer rate is estimated. Based on the conducted studies, the specifics of the effect of fertilizers on ensuring the corresponding levels of competitive stress between winter wheat plants and weed plants are formulated. The nature of the species distribution of agrophytocenoses of winter wheat and weeds in the context of individual species by biological characteristics is determined. Fertilizer rate of 60 kg/ha d.r. in the conditions of our research, the Podolyanka variety can be marked as a landmark in the system of ensuring a sufficient level of cenotic tension, which determines the subsequent reduction of the weediness indicator with an increase in the rate of nitrogen mineral nutrition. Prospects for further research on the effect of mineral fertilizers on the options for modern fractional application to the main critical periods of winter wheat on the formation of weed levels against this background are outlined.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72784011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRODUCTIVITY OF HETEROGENEOUS COM HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON FERTILIZERS","authors":"N. Hetman, Y. Branitskyi","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers N90P90K90 and N120P120K120 on the productivity of corn. We studied the formation of green mass yield of corn in the following groups of maturity: medium-early hybrid Svityaz FAO 250, medium-ripe Aquazor FAO 320 and late-ripe Hetera FAO 420. During the growing season, corn plants were exposed to adverse weather conditions. The best weather conditions were observed in 2018 (SCC 1.34) and the worst were in 2016-2017 (SCC 0.64-0.81). Such weather conditions affected the growth processes of the crop in height, the indicators of which differed over the years and had the form of a sinusoidal depending on the phase of growth and development. In the ejection phase, the height of maize plants in the hybrid Svityaz FAO 250 was 197 cm, Aquazor FAO 320 - 199 cm and Hetera FAO 420 - 203 cm, which in the phase of wax grain ripeness increased to 262 cm, 263 and 276 cm, respectively, against N120P120K120. One of the indicators that characterize the green mass yield is the height of plants and the percentage of cobs and stems in the structure of biomass. According to our data, the largest share of cobs was on the variants without fertilizers, which was 40.6-43.1 and 37.3-42.1% on the maximum background of fertilizers. In this case, the cobs by weight were the heaviest and reached 197.0-216.7 g per plant using mineral fertilizers at a dose of N120P120K120. The increase in the yield of green mass of corn in the phase of wax ripeness by 1.29-1.58 times compared to N90P90K90 and N120P120K120 - 1.33-1.48 times, compared with harvesting in the phase of ejection of panicles. The highest yield of dry matter of corn was found by applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N120P120K120, which was in the hybrid Svityaz FAO 250 - 22.46 t / ha, in hybrids Aquazor FAO 320 and Hetera FAO 420 - 25.13 and 28.03 t / ha, respectively. High digestibility of green mass of corn from the phase of ejection of panicles to milk ripeness, where the content of feed units in 1 kg of dry matter increases from 0.93 to 1.04.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90439855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN MUSHROOMS FOR THEIR PRESERVATION","authors":"S. Razanov, N. Hetman, O. Vradiy, Olga Koruniak","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on the concentration of heavy metals in edible mushrooms (Suillus luteus (Lat.), Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.), Armillaria mellea (Lat.), harvested in the conditions of the SE \"Vinnytsia Forestry\", and the hazard ratio of these toxicants for the human body is determined. The purpose of the research was to study changes in the concentration of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, zinc, copper) in mushrooms during their preservation in marinade. A comparative assessment of the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in fresh and preserved in marinade was carried out. Changes in the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in mushrooms and their hazard ratio during their preservation in marinade are shown. A different intensity of accumulation of heavy metals was revealed by the mushrooms Suillus luteus (Lat.), Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.) and Armillaria mellea (Lat.), collected in the conditions of the studied forest area. It was established that the highest content of lead and cadmium was found in Suillus luteus (Lat.), and zinc and copper in Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.). A lower concentration of lead by 1.14 times, 1.29 and 1.08 times, cadmium – by 1.62 times, 1.68 and 1.4 times, zinc was found in Suillus luteus (Lat.) - 1.2 times, 1.4 and 1.1 times, copper - 1.3 times, 2.2 and 1.8 times, compared to mushrooms before their processing and canning. Similar changes were found in the hazard ratio of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in mushrooms preserved in marinade. In particular, the hazard ratio of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper was lower in Suillus luteus (Lat.) by 1.55 times, 1.62, 1.25, and 2.1 times; Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.) - 1.29 times, 1.68, 1.43 and 2.9 times; Armillaria mellea (Lat.) - 1.08 times, 1.4, 1.17 and 1.88 times, respectively, compared to fresh mushrooms.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87868048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SELECTION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION FOR CLONAL MICRO-PROPAGATION OF INTRODUCED ROSE VARIETIES (ROSA L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"V. Polishchuk, Oleksandra Ukrainets","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the study on the inclusion of biotechnology in the selection of roses. Roses are heterozygous plants and by seed propagation give splitting. Therefore, to accelerate the reproduction of new and existing starting material, clonal micropropagation was included in the study. The in vitro reproduction process is influenced by various factors. It should be noted that, in the initial stages it is influenced by the age of the mother plant and the season of material isolation and even from which part of the plant the explant was selected and its size. The next step is to pay attention to the sterilizing agent and the sterilization exposure period. One of the main factors influencing the clonal micro-propagation is the plant genotype, the hormonal factor and the composition of the nutrient medium. At the last stage of clonal propagation, the main role is played by the condition of the regenerating plant and physical factors. The valuable varieties on decorativeness and permanent flowering capacity as well as various originators were used in the research. The article gives a brief description of valuable genotypes of roses. Highlighted data on the optimal composition of the nutrient in which the largest number of formed micro shoots was achieved. It was investigated that when the biotechnological unit was included in the selection of roses, it was determined that the optimal concentration of cytokinins, namely BAP is 0.5 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l. At such concentrations, no callus formation was observed in most cases, and the indicators of new micro shoots of genotypes and their length were the most optimal. In addition, it should be noted that the main factor in clonal micro-propagation is the genotype of the original sample. Thus, in our studies, the best genotypes for clonal micro-propagation with the largest number of micro shoots produced are Tchaikovski and Koralovyi Surpryz varieties.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83577321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}