African Affairs最新文献_第6页

‘Gukurahundi Continues’: Violence, Memory, and Mthwakazi Activism in Zimbabwe “Gukurahundi继续”:津巴布韦的暴力、记忆和Mthwakazi激进主义

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac043

Lena Reim

{"title":"‘Gukurahundi Continues’: Violence, Memory, and Mthwakazi Activism in Zimbabwe","authors":"Lena Reim","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adac043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One effect of Zimbabwe’s 2017 coup was to unleash a new wave of public engagement with the unresolved state repression of the 1980s, known as Gukurahundi. This wave was led by the ‘post-Gukurahundi generation’ and particularly by activists whose narratives of Gukurahundi were entwined with calls for a separate ‘Mthwakazi nation’. This article explores these activists’ stories of Gukurahundi and asks why they broke through into the public realm after decades of relative silence. It argues that Mthwakazi activists’ engagement relied on an interpretation of Gukurahundi not simply as a discrete historical event, but as the clearest expression of an ongoing ‘Grand Plan’ of ethnic marginalization. This narrative was foundational to the construction of a moral order that divided the country along ethnic and regional fault lines, ultimately legitimizing Mthwakazi nationalism. The paper roots this narrative’s emergence in two interrelated processes. Speaking to the role of silencing in keeping conflicts alive across generations, it examines how the ‘noisy silence’ that has surrounded Gukurahundi in both public and private has meant that Gukurahundi lingered as a readily available interpretative lens. This lens became meaningful when the second generation, faced with political and economic marginalization, was grappling for meaning and political belonging.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61375115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Unpredictability in Maintaining Control of the Security Forces in the Gambia 不可预测性在维持冈比亚安全部队控制方面的作用

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adad002

Maggie Dwyer

引用次数: 0

Political Identity as Temporal Collapse: Ethiopian Federalism and Contested Ogaden Histories 作为时间崩溃的政治认同:埃塞俄比亚联邦制和有争议的欧加登历史

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2023-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adad003

Daniel K. Thompson, N. Matshanda

{"title":"Political Identity as Temporal Collapse: Ethiopian Federalism and Contested Ogaden Histories","authors":"Daniel K. Thompson, N. Matshanda","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adad003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Since the 1980s, analyses of African political identities have emphasized identity manipulation as a governance tool. In the Somali Horn of Africa, however, politicians’ efforts to reinvent identities confront rigid understandings of genealogical clanship as a key component of identity and political mobilization. This article explores how government efforts to construct a new ‘Ethiopian–Somali’ identity within Ethiopia’s ethnic-federal system are entangled with attempts to reinterpret clan genealogies and histories. We focus on efforts to revise the history of clans within the broader Ogaden Somali clan group and trace the possibilities and limits of these revisions in relation to legacies of colonialism as well as popular understandings of Ogaden identity. Drawing on fieldwork and archival research, we show that political struggles over Somalis’ integration with Ethiopia orient around Somali clanship, but that clanship is not a mechanical tool of mobilization, as it is often portrayed. We suggest that genealogical relatedness does not equate to political loyalty, but genealogical discourse provides a framework by which various actors reinterpret contemporary events by collapsing history into the present to imbue clan, ethnic, and national identities with political significance.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48633905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defamation of the president, racial nationalism, and the Roy Clarke affair in Zambia 诽谤总统，种族民族主义，还有赞比亚的罗伊·克拉克事件

1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac044

Sishuwa Sishuwa, Duncan Money

{"title":"Defamation of the president, racial nationalism, and the Roy Clarke affair in Zambia","authors":"Sishuwa Sishuwa, Duncan Money","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adac044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac044","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In January 2004, residents of Zambia’s capital, Lusaka, were treated to a disturbing sight. Over 200 members of the governing Movement for Multiparty Democracy party marched through the streets of the capital carrying a mock coffin bearing the name of Roy Clarke, a prominent newspaper satirist and white British national who had been a permanent resident in the country since the early 1960s. The protesters accused Clarke of insulting and defaming President Levy Mwanawasa in his previous column and demanded his immediate deportation. The Minister of Home Affairs obliged, but the satirist successfully challenged his deportation in Zambia’s courts. Drawing from newspaper sources, court documents, and interviews with key informants, this article shows that these protests were anything but a spontaneous demonstration of public outrage. Instead, they had been carefully orchestrated by Mwanawasa and his close allies to bolster Mwanawasa’s beleaguered presidency. The article argues that deportation orders and racial nationalism against racial minorities are strategies adopted by political elites during periods of weakness, even when these ideas have little or no popular support. More broadly, we argue that the status of racial minorities and other foreigners in Zambia is often provisional, depending on political considerations.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135077885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Book Review 书评

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac037

Abel Gwaindepi

引用次数: 0

Book Review 书评

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac040

Abdul-Gafar Oshodi

引用次数: 0

Book Review 书评

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac039

D. Money

引用次数: 0

Financing governance beyond the state: Informal revenue generation in south-central Somalia 国家之外的融资治理:索马里中南部的非正式创收

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac030

Vanessa van den Boogaard, Fabrizio Santoro

{"title":"Financing governance beyond the state: Informal revenue generation in south-central Somalia","authors":"Vanessa van den Boogaard, Fabrizio Santoro","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adac030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Individuals in low-income countries often contribute significantly to financing local public goods through informal taxation. However, there is limited understanding of how informal revenue generation relates to formal tax and governing institutions. We explore the relationship between informal revenue generation, public finance, and the state in the Gedo region in south-central Somalia, relying on original data from surveys with 2,300 households and 117 community leaders. Our evidence shows that informal revenue generation by non-armed actors in Gedo is prevalent, with informal payments deeply embedded within clan-based and Islamic institutions and rooted in a long history of decentralized political authority and self-reliance in the region. We argue that in such a context, rather than explaining how or why things ‘work’ outside of the state, it may be more relevant and valuable to consider decentralized non-state public authority as the default referent, with a need only to explain the puzzle of pockets of state effectiveness. Governance largely operates outside the state, with citizens playing a pivotal role in directly financing local governance institutions and public goods provision. These findings have important implications for our understanding of statehood and public finance in contexts of weak formal institutions.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45563703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bureaucratic fragmentation by design? the case of payroll management in the Democratic Republic of Congo 官僚主义的蓄意分裂?以刚果民主共和国的工资管理为例

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac032

Stylianos Moshonas, Tom de Herdt, Kristof Titeca, Paulin Balungwe Shamavu

{"title":"Bureaucratic fragmentation by design? the case of payroll management in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Stylianos Moshonas, Tom de Herdt, Kristof Titeca, Paulin Balungwe Shamavu","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adac032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac032","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the sources of bureaucratic fragmentation and coherence in the Democratic Republic of Congo by exploring the connections and tensions between interface bureaucracies and the back-office administration tasked with managing the public payroll system. Building on the ‘real governance’ literature and the notion of ‘infrastructural power’, we analyse the recent history of payroll management in Congo and especially its evolution over the last decades of state implosion and reconstruction so as to gauge the potential of different drivers of state infrastructural power. The return of the state in the first decades of the twenty-first century led to a spectacular and unprecedented growth in the number of civil servants, made possible by a reconstituted state budget and renewed donor engagement. Yet this growth largely reflects increased political competition and further disarticulated the payroll system, increasing its vulnerability to the issue of ghost workers. The case study shows important trade-offs, in processes of post-conflict reconstruction, between the triple objectives of building state infrastructural power, making use of it to improve public service delivery, and its democratization.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":"62 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The logic of authoritarian industrial policy: the case of Angola’s special economic zone 威权产业政策的逻辑:以安哥拉经济特区为例

IF 2.8 1区社会学

African Affairs Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adac033

Nicolás Lippolis

{"title":"The logic of authoritarian industrial policy: the case of Angola’s special economic zone","authors":"Nicolás Lippolis","doi":"10.1093/afraf/adac033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The commodity boom witnessed the emergence of ambitious developmental projects in Africa. But in its focus on the distribution of power, the extant literature struggles to explain the logic driving observed development strategies. To fill this gap, this article provides the first comprehensive study of the Zona Económica Especial, Angola’s main industrial project of the post-civil war era. Built at a cost of at least US$1 billion, sprawling over 1.5 million hectares, and comprising establishments imported by the state across multiple sectors, the Zona Económica Especial de Luanda-Bengo’s ill-conceived design doomed it to failure from the start. But this did not hinder its use for elite rent-seeking, supported by the international networks fed by Angola’s oil wealth. I argue that these outcomes reflect the ruling MPLA’s typical ‘bifurcated policy style’, marked by a disjuncture between discourse and policy practice and the competition for the spoils of the state’s heavy expenditures. Its origins are to be found in the strategies deployed by MPLA leaders to enforce organizational cohesion and to pursue military and programmatic goals over the course of its long civil war. I contend that similar analyses could help illuminate the drivers of industrial policy in other party-based authoritarian regimes.","PeriodicalId":7508,"journal":{"name":"African Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41348503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2