AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of different intervention strategies of HIV in Zhejiang, China.","authors":"Chensi Wu, Xiaolan Xu, Chunting Peng, Yin Dong, Zhuoqi Lou, Liya Pan, Lin Chen, Yifan Zeng, Bing Ruan","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003968","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mass screening for HIV and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may be effective measures for reducing the probability of HIV transmission. Our study aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of preliminary screening in the general population, PrEP for HIV-negative spouses in serodiscordant couples, or both approaches in Zhejiang Province.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>From a policy-maker's perspective, a Markov model was constructed to compare four strategies over a 30-year horizon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Markov model, the implementation intensities of the strategies varied from 50 to 100%. Different strategies were evaluated by the reduction of unfavorable clinical outcomes, saved life-years, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), and net monetary benefits (NMBs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PrEP-screening strategy reduced the most unfavorable clinical outcomes and saved the most life-years and QALYs from 2023 to 2052. It always gained the maximum QALYs and NMB, while its ICER was always lower than the willingness-to-pay (WTP). The NMB of the PrEP-screening strategy gradually increased as the implementation intensity increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With adequate manpower and policies, we suggest implementing the PrEP-screening strategy in Zhejiang Province, suggesting that the broader the population coverage of the strategy, the better. In addition, the PrEP strategy is an alternative.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tenofovir alafenamide compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, induces dysglycemia, and dyslipidemia in Wistar rats.","authors":"Rajendraparsad Hurchund, Sinegugu E Sibiya, Bernard O Owaga, Peter M O Owira","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003987","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the metabolic effects of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in vivo .</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats ( Rattus novergicus , 250-300 g body weight) were divided into three groups ( n  = 8) and orally treated daily with 1.0 ml distilled water (group 1), TAF (0.42 mg/kg) (group 2), or TDF (5.0 mg/kg) (group 3), respectively, for 56 days. Glucose tolerance tests were done before the animals were sacrificed by halothane overdose, and blood was collected by cardiac puncture for the analysis of plasma lipids, electrolytes, and insulin. The kidney and pancreatic tissues were excised and homogenized to measure oxidative stress. Compartmentation of TAF and TDF was determined in NRK-52 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in weight gain among controls, TAF- or TDF-treated rats. TAF-treated rats had significantly increased fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia compared to control or TDF-treated rats, respectively. There was increased lipid peroxidation in the pancreas of TAF-treated compared to TDF-treated or control animals, respectively. TDF- treated rats presented with symptoms of Fanconi syndrome compared to TAF-treated or control animals, respectively. Kidney homogenates from TDF-treated animals had significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activity compared to TAF-treated animals or controls, respectively. Intracellular concentrations of TAF were significantly higher than TDF in both NRK-52E cells and PBMC, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TAF treatment is weight-neutral and causes dysglycemia, and dyslipidemia but not Fanconi syndrome compared to TDF.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial fat tissue and diastolic dysfunction in both men and women with HIV.","authors":"Win Min Han, Tanakorn Apornpong, Monravee Tumkosit, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Pairoj Chattranukulchai","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of HIV-related stigma among people with HIV in Switzerland: addressing the elephant in the room.","authors":"Eleftheria Kampouri, José Damas, Katharina Kusejko, Bruno Ledergerber, Dominique Braun, Olivier Nawej Tshikung, Anna Hachfeld, Maja Weisser, Kerstin Wissel, Enos Bernasconi, Isabel Cobos Manuel, David Jackson-Perry, Lars E Eriksson, Maria Reinius, Matthias Cavassini, Katharine E A Darling","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003983","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV-related stigma among people with HIV (PWH) in Switzerland.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional multicenter study nested within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included adult PWH enrolled in the SHCS, attending follow-up between March 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021. Inability to speak English, French, German, or Italian was the only exclusion criterion. Participants were invited to complete a validated 12-item HIV-stigma questionnaire comprising four stigma subscales (negative self-image, personalized stigma, disclosure concerns, and concerns regarding public attitudes), plus two healthcare-related stigma items. Questionnaire responses were graded using a four-point Likert-type scale, higher scores indicating higher stigma. \"Non-applicable,\" inferring HIV-status non-disclosure, was possible for personalized stigma; stigma scores from participants answering \"non-applicable\" to at least one item were analyzed separately. Factors associated with HIV-stigma were identified through multivariable linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 9643 PWH with a SHCS visit, 5563 participated in the study: 26% were female, 13% Black, and 37% heterosexual; median age was 53 years (interquartile range 44-59); 2067 participants (37%) gave at least one \"non-applicable\" response. Disclosure concerns had the highest stigma scores and were reported by 4656/5563 (84%). HIV-stigma was reported across all demographic groups. However, being female, Black, and heterosexual were independently associated with higher scores. Higher education and longer follow-up duration were associated with lower scores. Healthcare-related stigma was reported in 37% of participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIV-stigma was prevalent across all demographic groups. The association with being female and Black suggests that HIV-stigma accentuates preexisting sex and race inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing methamphetamine use in persons with HIV.","authors":"Esteban Martinez, David Dorfman","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Epicardial fat tissue and diastolic dysfunction in both men and women with HIV\".","authors":"Rachel L Goldberg, Tess E Peterson, Sabina A Haberlen, Mallory D Witt, Frank J Palella, Jared W Magnani, Todd T Brown, Jordan E Lake, Joao A C Lima, Matt J Budoff, Chiadi E Ndumele, Katherine C Wu, Wendy S Post","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004003","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mpox, sexually transmitted infections and combination prevention: insights from a major cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","authors":"Mayara S T Silva, Thiago S Torres, Carolina Coutinho, Emilia M Jalil, Carolyn Yanavich, Pedro S Martins, Matheus O Bastos, Maira B Mesquita, Amanda Echeverría-Guevara, Sandro Nazer, Eduardo M Peixoto, Marcela Terra, Ana Lovetro, Paula P S Reges, Maria Roberta Meneguetti, Ronaldo I Moreira, Flavia C S Lessa, Brenda Hoagland, Estevão P Nunes, Sandra Wagner Cardoso, Valdilea G Veloso, Beatriz Grinsztejn","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003991","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of concurrent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (bSTIs) among individuals with mpox.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective cohort study of participants aged 18 years or older with confirmed mpox conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This cross-sectional analysis includes only participants who underwent bSTI testing at baseline between June 2022 and January 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were offered testing for chlamydia/gonorrhea (NAAT, anorectal swabs) and syphilis (active diagnosis if VDRL ≥ 1/8). Baseline prevalence of bSTIs was calculated, and participant characteristics were described based on concomitant bSTI diagnosis (yes/no). Chi-squared/Fisher's tests were used for qualitative variables, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for quantitative variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 634 enrolled participants, 538 (84.9%) were tested for STIs and included in this analysis, mostly cisgender men, aged 30-39 years with postsecondary education. Overall prevalence of concomitant bSTI was 37.3%, mainly syphilis, followed by chlamydia and gonorrhea. Half of the participants were living with HIV, and one third was on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. Concomitant bSTI diagnosis at the time of mpox assessment was associated with being aged 30-39 years, self-identifying as cisgender men, having HIV-positive status, reporting proctitis symptoms and reporting any STI in the past 12 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data reveals a notable prevalence of concomitant bSTIs among participants with confirmed mpox at a prominent infectious diseases' referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. These findings underscore the importance of integrating mpox into the differential diagnosis of anogenital manifestations and the promotion of combination prevention strategies within sexual healthcare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD4+/CD8+ improvement after switch from a second-generation integrase inhibitor regimen to long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine.","authors":"Camilla Muccini, Nicola Gianotti, Riccardo Lolatto, Silvia Nozza, Sara Diotallevi, Antonella Castagna","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003984","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study assessed the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in people with HIV (PWH) switching from a second-generation integrase inhibitor regimen to long-acting cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV). Over one year, we observed a significant improvement in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio; In addition, our data showed that time spent in CAB+RPV was significantly associated with an increased CD4+/CD8+ ratio. These findings suggest that long-acting therapy may enhance immune recovery, also in treatment-experienced PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated stress-responsive biomarkers are associated with HIV acquisition in young women in rural South Africa.","authors":"Marie C D Stoner, Nicole K Kelly, F Xavier Gomez-Olive, Sumaya Mall, Danielle Wagner, Allison E Aiello, Nivedita Bhushan, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey E Pettifor","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003981","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Biological markers of stress have been associated with HIV progression and pathogenesis but not with HIV incidence. We sought to determine if elevated stress-responsive biomarkers would be associated with incident HIV among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a case-cohort study within the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 068 study among 949 AGYW in South Africa. Cases were AGYW who tested HIV-positive during the eight-year follow-up. Unmatched controls were randomly selected from the HIV-negative population at enrollment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dried blood spots from cases and controls were tested from enrollment (2011-2012) for C-reactive protein (CRP), herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) antibody titers, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody titers. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the association between each biomarker and time to incident HIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to AGYW with the lowest CRP levels, those with medium and high CRP levels had a higher hazard ratio (HR) of incident HIV [HR: 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95, 2.21; HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.98, 2.30, respectively], although not statistically significant. The relative hazard of incident HIV was also higher among AGYW who were CMV seropositive vs. seronegative (low antibodies HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.2, 3.87; medium HR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.95; high HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 0.99, 3.21). Those with the highest HSV-1 antibody levels experienced an increased hazard of HIV compared to those who were HSV-1 seronegative (HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.44).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biological stress may increase AGYW's susceptibility to HIV acquisition through changes in immune function, viral infection, and increased biological vulnerability to disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141632414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a novel expanded social network recruitment intervention with risk network recruitment to HIV testing: locating undiagnosed cases in South Africa.","authors":"Leslie D Williams, Alastair van Heerden, Samuel R Friedman, Buyisile Chibi, Phumlani Memela, Wendy Avila Rodriguez, Phillip Joseph","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003976","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To ascertain whether a novel expanded social network recruitment to HIV testing (E-SNRHT) intervention recruits men and individuals with previously undiagnosed HIV at higher rates than risk network recruitment.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Initial \"seed\" participants were prospectively randomly assigned to the E-SNRHT intervention or to risk network recruitment. Their network members were included in the study arm of their recruiter.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Three Department of Health clinics and two drug treatment centers (DTCs) in the Msunduzi municipality of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Clinics and DTCs referred 110 newly HIV-diagnosed adult \"seeds\" to the study from June 2022 to February 2023. E-SNRHT seeds were asked to recruit network members as described below; risk network recruitment arm seeds were asked to recruit recent sex and/or injection partners. Presenting a recruitment coupon (from clinic/DTC staff or another participant) was required for eligibility.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>E-SNRHT seeds were shown educational material about HIV transmission risks and then asked to recruit anyone they know (e.g., friends, family) whom they thought could benefit from HIV testing.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Rates of recruiting men to HIV testing and locating individuals with previously undiagnosed HIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>E-SNRHT recruited significantly higher proportions of men to HIV testing (70.3 vs. 40.4%; χ2  = 16.33; P  < 0.0005) and located significantly more previously undiagnosed cases of HIV per seed than risk network recruitment (rate ratio = 9.40; P  < 0.0001). E-SNRHT also recruited significantly higher proportions of women with previously undiagnosed HIV (29.0 vs. 10.7%; χ2  = 3.87; P  = 0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>E-SNRHT is an important strategy to expand the reach of HIV testing among men and undiagnosed cases of HIV in KwaZulu-Natal.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141496768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}