AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy preconception and antenatally.","authors":"Pippa Boering, Claudia Murray, Clara Portwood, Molly Hey, Lucy Thompson, Katharina Beck, Imogen Cowdell, Harriet Sexton, Mary Kumarendran, Zoe Brandon, Shona Kirtley, Joris Hemelaar","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004104","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Increasingly, pregnant women with HIV (WHIV) initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) before conception. We assessed the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among pregnant WHIV initiating ART preconception or antenatally, compared with women without HIV or ART-naive WHIV.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Global Health for studies published between 1 January 1980 and 14 July 2023. We assessed the association of preconception/antenatal ART initiation with preterm birth (PTB), very PTB (VPTB), spontaneous PTB (sPTB), low birthweight (LBW), very LBW (VLBW), small for gestational age (SGA), very SGA (VSGA), stillbirth and neonatal death (NND). Data were analysed using random effects meta-analyses. Quality assessments, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021248987.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one cohort studies were eligible, including 199 156 women in 19 countries. WHIV with preconception ART were associated with increased risk of PTB [risk ratio (RR) 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.90], VPTB (RR 2.14, 95% CI 1.02-4.47), LBW (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.32-3.63), VLBW (RR 3.34, 95% CI 1.08-10.35), SGA (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.01-3.66), and VSGA (RR 2.79, 95% CI 1.04-7.47), compared with women without HIV. WHIV with antenatal ART were associated with increased risk of PTB (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15-1.58), LBW (RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.39-3.34), VLBW (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.01-3.84), SGA (RR 1.77, 95% CI 1.10-2.84), and VSGA (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.33), compared with women without HIV. Compared to ART-naive WHIV, WHIV with preconception or antenatal ART were associated with increased risk of SGA (preconception: RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.12-1.73; antenatal: RR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11-1.74) and VSGA (preconception: RR 2.44, 95% CI 1.63-3.66; antenatal: RR 2.24, 95% CI 1.48-3.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among WHIV, both preconception and antenatal initiation of ART are associated with increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes, compared to women without HIV and ART-naive WHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"584-596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential systemic immune-inflammation index levels in people with and without HIV infection.","authors":"Crystal X Wang, Scott L Letendre, Suzi Hong, Mohammad Andalibi, Jennifer E Iudicello, Ronald J Ellis","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004088","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV infection is linked to persistent inflammation despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is a marker of inflammation in various conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared SII values between PWH and PWoH. Clinical blood laboratory data were used to calculate the SII for each participant using the formula [(Platelet count × Neutrophil count)/Lymphocyte count]. Differences in SII values between the groups were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, and the impact of potential confounders was assessed with multivariable regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 343 PWH and 199 PWoH. Age and race did not significantly differ, but sex distribution did (83.1% male in PWH vs. 55.8% in PWoH, P  < 0.0001). Among PWH, median [IQR] nadir and current CD4 + cell counts were 199 cells/μl [50, 350] and 650 [461,858], respectively. Nearly all PWH were on ART, with 97.2% achieving viral suppression. PWH had lower SII values than PWoH (327 [224, 444] vs. 484 [335,657], P  = 1.35e-14). PWH also had lower neutrophils and platelets ( P s < 0.001) and higher lymphocyte counts ( P  = 0.001). These differences remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, and other potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Contrary to expectations, PWH had lower SII levels, likely due to altered hematologic parameters influenced by HIV and ART. These findings suggest that SII interpretation in PWH requires consideration of unique hematologic profiles and underscore the need for further research to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of SII in HIV management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"554-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative HIV viral load and lower CD4 + cell count are associated with incident venous thromboembolism in people with HIV.","authors":"Stephanie A Ruderman, Robin M Nance, Heidi M Crane, Edward Cachay, Mari M Kitahata, Sonia Napravnik, Bridget M Whitney, Susan R Heckbert, Engi F Attia, Chris T Longenecker, Alexander P Hoffmann, Matthew J Budoff, Jimmy Ma, Katerina Christopoulos, Peter W Hunt, Richard D Moore, Jeanne C Keruly, Greer Burkholder, Laura Bamford, Amanda L Willig, Geetanjali Chander, Michael S Saag, Lydia N Drumright, Matthew J Feinstein, Kristina Crothers, Joseph A C Delaney","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004095","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with HIV (PWH) have benefited greatly from antiretroviral therapy, but face additional challenges from age-related comorbid conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease including venous thromboembolism (VTE). Little is known about the effect of HIV viremia and immunodeficiency on VTE risk in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed incident, centrally adjudicated VTE among 21 507 PWH in care between January 2009 and December 2019 within the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort. We examined the association of three measures of HIV viral load (baseline, current, cumulative) and current CD4 + cell count with VTE. Cumulative viral load (copy-days of viremia) was estimated with a time-weighted sum using the trapezoidal rule. We modeled the association between viral load and VTE using Cox proportional hazards models (marginal structural Cox models for cumulative), adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. We compared the 75 th percentile of the viral load distribution with the 25th percentile using the hazard function from the model for all PWH with a VTE and those with a pulmonary embolism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median of 4.8 years of follow-up, 424 PWH developed VTE. In adjusted analyses, higher cumulative viral load (75th percentile vs. 25th percentile), the strongest viral load predictor, was associated with a 1.45-fold higher risk of VTE [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.22-1.72]. Low CD4 + cell count less than 100 cells/μl was associated with higher VTE risk (hazard ratio: 4.03, 95% CI: 2.76-5.89) as compared to at least 500 cells/μl. Findings were similar for PWH who had a pulmonary embolism ( n  = 189).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reducing HIV viral load and maintaining CD4 + cell count may help mitigate VTE risk in PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"579-583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A promising prognostic model for patients with AIDS-related lymphoma in the cART era.","authors":"Guang-Wei Yang, Qi-Wen Zhou, Xin Zhen, Ying Yang, Yuan-Lu Shu, Hao Sun, Hai-Yan Min, Xi-Cheng Wang","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004197","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>For patients with AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL), optimizing risk stratification is crucial to creating customized therapy regimens and enhancing their prognosis. This study aims to develop a more precisely predicted prognostic model for ARL patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A 7-year retrospective cohort study (2016-2023) of 136 ARL patients at a single institution randomly allocated training (n = 109) and validation (n = 27) cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the relationship between HIV, lymphoma, and patient-specific factors and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 48(IQR: 40-56) years, 76.5% were men. The overall 2-year OS and PFS were 52.9% and 48.5%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS), Central nervous system (CNS) involvement, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Hemoglobin (Hb), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and chemotherapy cycles were independently related to overall survival (OS). A new prognosis score was generated with these variables including ECOG ≥2, CNS involvement, elevated LDH, Hb<130 g/L, NLR>5 and not exceeding 5 chemotherapy cycles, with 1 point for each variable, for a maximum of 6. The area under the curve and C-index of the new model were 0.79 and 0.76, respectively. Our model showed better risk stratification in ARL patients than aaIPI, NCCN-IPI, and ARL-IPI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we created a prognostic model for ARL patients that is clinically straightforward, feasible, and has good predictive power. Compared to the NCCN-IPI and the aaIPI, this model is more discriminative and predictively accurate in risk stratification and high-risk population identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When cytokine storms collide: understanding hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in human herpesvirus 8/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated multicentric Castleman disease among people with HIV.","authors":"Ramya Ramaswami, Theodoros Kelesidis, James J Goedert","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004117","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 5","pages":"618-620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between salivary microbiota and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in people with HIV.","authors":"Tianye Wang, Yiyun Xu, Sujuan Zhou, Xin Zhang, Qiwen Fang, Huangbo Yuan, Xuefu Wu, Yi Li, Tao Chen, Tiejun Zhang","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004087","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, essential for Kaposi sarcoma development especially in people with HIV (PWH), has been proposed to be transmitted through saliva. The potential role of salivary microbiota played in the infection of KSHV is largely obscure. This study aimed to explore the association between salivary microbiota and KSHV infection among PWH.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During May to December 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study among PWH in Ili prefecture Xinjiang, China. Participants completed face-to-face questionnaires, plasma and saliva samples were collected to assay KSHV infection status and 16S rRNA sequencing. We distinguished demographic characteristics between groups with and without KSHV, and compared the α and β diversity of the salivary microbiota. LEfSe identified key bacterial genera for Random Forest and XGBoost models to recognize the important discriminatory features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 876 PWH in Xinjiang, 38.7% were KSHV seropositive. Regression models indicated that moderate drinking, absence of dental treatment history, higher CD4 counts, and higher CD4/CD8 ratios were negatively associated with KSHV seropositivity. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis demonstrated that 14 bacterial genera were significantly enriched at the genus level in the group with or without KSHV. Machine learning analyses gave an AUC of 0.66 for Random Forest and 0.85 for XGBoost in predicting KSHV infection status. The bacterial genera, including Alloprevotella , Fusobacterium , Prevotella_7 , Porphyromonas , Rothia , and Leptotrichia , were identified as important discriminatory features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests the potential role of salivary microbiota in KSHV transmission among PWH. Identified microbial genera offer promising biomarkers for monitoring and managing KSHV in PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"569-578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transplantation of kidneys from donors with HIV: are we there yet?","authors":"Iulia Filip","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004155","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"N9-N10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in HIV-associated HHV-8-positive multicentric Castleman disease.","authors":"Pascal Migaud, Alessia Dalla Pria, Kai Hosmann, Peter Kelleher, Claudia Anna Maria Fulgenzi, Hartmut Stocker, Mark Bower","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004094","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The clinical and laboratory characteristics of HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) in people with HIV (PWH) overlap with those of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) disease and indeed the two diagnoses may co-exist. A risk-stratified treatment approach to MCD based on Rituximab immunotherapy for mild cases and chemo-immunotherapy for severe cases has been shown to yield excellent outcomes in PWH. In contrast, HLH disease, previously known as secondary HLH, has a dismal prognosis even when promptly treated according to guidelines.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective multicentre cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical and pathological data on patients with biopsy-proven HIV-associated MCD at the National Centre for HIV Malignancy at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London between 2008 and 2024 and at the Department of Infectious Diseases at St. Joseph Hospital Berlin-Tempelhof, Germany between 2020 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our UK-German cohort, including 113 PWH with MCD, we confirmed that HLH disease secondary to MCD is common (30%), and we demonstrated that HLH disease in this context does not adversely influence survival or risk of MCD relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest that a high HScore in MCD should not lead to a change in the treatment in this specific setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"519-525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dolutegravir plus lamivudine downregulates cellular stress responses versus three-drug HIV Regimens.","authors":"Victoria Rios-Vazquez, Wilhelm A J W Vos, Marc J T Blaauw, Louise E Van Eekeren, Albert L Groenendijk, Adriana Navas, Nadira Vadaq, Leo A B Joosten, Mihai G Netea, Willem L Blok, Janneke E Stalenhoef, Lambert Van Den Heuvel, Andre J A M Van Der Ven, Jan Van Lunzen","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004198","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the systemic and immune effects of two-drug regimens (2DR) and three-drug regimens (3DR) in people living with HIV (PLHIV).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In a cross-sectional study, multi-omics data were analyzed in dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) 2DR and 3DR comprising DTG with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2000HIV cohort of virally suppressed PLHIV on combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) regimens were analyzed. Groups included DTG + 3TC (n = 191), DTG + 3TC + abacavir (ABC) (n = 188), and DTG + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide (TDF/TAF) + emtricitabine (FTC) (n = 115). Systemic functions were assessed via plasma protein profiling (Olink® Explore, 2367 proteins), while peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used to evaluate immune effects by analyzing Bulk RNA-Seq and ex-vivo cytokine production capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma protein analysis revealed that 2DR associated to lower protein expression and pathways related to metabolism, stress responses, chemokine signaling, and immune responses compared to 3DR. Four proteins-CXCL8, DDC, PMM2, and EPS8L2-were consistently downregulated in 2DR. Differential gene expression analysis identified 17 overlapping downregulated genes across all 3DR versus 2DR comparisons, linked to chromatin structure, cellular senescence, stress response, and cytokine activity. Cytokine production was similar across 2DR and 3DR groups, except for enhanced IL-17 production in DTG + TDF + FTC users.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing NRTIs in DTG-based 2DR, particularly by omitting ABC or TAF/TDF, suggests decreased activation of stress response and immune-related pathways. Importantly, the functional capacity of circulating immune cells remains largely unchanged between 2DR and 3DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteopontin as a potential mediator of inflammation in HIV and comorbid conditions.","authors":"Jacklyn Samaha, Shashank Madhu, Lina A Shehadeh, Claudia A Martinez","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004112","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately 39 million people live with HIV globally, with 1.3 million new infections annually. Despite improved treatment, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), neurological disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cancer are now the leading causes of death among people with HIV (PWH). Osteopontin (OPN) has emerged as a notable mediator in the inflammatory response to HIV and related NCDs. Our aim is to review the current understanding of OPN's role in HIV-related inflammatory pathways to highlight potential therapeutic avenues for improved treatment and mitigation of comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review by searching relevant literature using specific keywords related to HIV, osteopontin, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, neurological disorders, cancer, and chronic kidney disease. The collected studies were organized and categorized by key themes, followed by a comprehensive analysis to identify patterns and draw conclusions regarding OPN's role in HIV-associated comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intricate interactions between OPN, its isoforms, and HIV-related illnesses suggest that OPN can exhibit both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles, depending on the stage of the disease and the specific cell type involved. Its functions are diverse throughout the progression of HIV and its associated comorbidities, including CVD, CKD, cancer, and neurological disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OPN's effects on the disease progression of HIV and related NCDs are highly variable due to its diverse functions. Therefore, further research is essential to fully understand its complex roles before considering OPN as a therapeutic target for HIV and its comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 5","pages":"483-495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}