Rare Metals最新文献

{"title":"Synergetic effects of trace Sc/Zr/TiB2 on recrystallization and strengthening behavior of Al–Mg alloys","authors":"Xin-Chen Li,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Li-Yuan Yang,&nbsp;En-Yu Guo,&nbsp;Hui-Jun Kang,&nbsp;Yu-Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Jing-Wei Xian,&nbsp;Feng Mao,&nbsp;Jie-Hua Li,&nbsp;Zong-Ning Chen,&nbsp;Tong-Min Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03080-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03080-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of a new generation of high-performance Al alloys, achieved through Sc/Zr-modified Al–Mg-based alloys, is attracting growing attention. However, the significant cost associated with Sc presents a barrier to further advancement. In this study, the inclusion of trace heterogeneous TiB₂ particles is employed to regulate the microstructural evolution process, thereby achieving high-performance aluminum alloys with optimal strength-ductility characteristics with minimal Sc addition. The ultimate tensile strength of Al–Mg-Sc-Zr-TiB₂ alloy reached 442.4 MPa, with a elongation of 16.6%. The combined impact of TiB₂ particles and Al₃(Sc,Zr) precipitates on the microstructure evolution of the Al–Mg alloy during hot deformation was investigated. It was observed that spherical Al₃(Sc,Zr) precipitates with sizes ranging from 5 to 10 nm dispersed in the matrix, during the hot deformation process, functioned as Zener pinning sites for dislocations, thus increasing the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and suppressing the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process. The incorporation of trace TiB₂ particles induced the particle-stimulated nucleation effect, accelerating DRX and refining the microstructure. The density of LAGBs further increased, and the proportion of continuous dynamic recrystallization also rose. Furthermore, the TiB₂ particles mitigated the anisotropy of material and inhibited DRX grain growth, thereby expanding the subsequent processing window and offering more potential applications for the materials. This study provides new insights into the production of high-performance Al alloy products.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3514 - 3530"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional amorphous N-doped cobalt–copper sulfide nanostructures for efficient full water splitting","authors":"Jin-Chun He,&nbsp;Ding-Cen Duan,&nbsp;Yun-Cheng Du,&nbsp;Zong-Qin Ding,&nbsp;Sha-Sha Yan,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Xuan-Xuan Bi,&nbsp;Rong-Yue Wang,&nbsp;Xing-Bo Ge","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03035-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03035-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance for the practical application of water splitting in alkaline electrolytes. Transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts have been widely recognized as efficient catalysts for water splitting in alkaline media. In this work, an original and efficient synthesis strategy is proposed for the fabrication of asymmetric anode (N–(Co–Cu)S_<i>x</i>) and cathode (N–CoS/Cu₂S). Impressively, these electrodes exhibit superior performance, benefiting from the construction of three-dimensional (3D) structures and the electronic structure adjustment caused by N-doping with increased active sites, improved mass/charge transport and enhanced evolution and release of gas bubbles. Hence, N–(Co–Cu)S_<i>x</i> anode exhibits excellent OER performance with only 217 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm⁻², while N-CoS/Cu₂S cathode possesses excellent HER performance with only 67 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm⁻². N-(Co–Cu)S_<i>x</i>||N-CoS/Cu₂S electrolyzer presents a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA·cm⁻² toward overall water splitting, which is superior to most recently reported transition metal sulfide-based catalysts.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3080 - 3093"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective hydrogen evolution enabled by heterogeneous interface engineering in bimetallic sulfide with MoNi alloy","authors":"Min Xi,&nbsp;An-Ran Chen,&nbsp;Ling-Feng Yang,&nbsp;You-Yu Long,&nbsp;Hua Zhang,&nbsp;Xu-Guang An,&nbsp;Qiao-Zhi Xiao,&nbsp;Tao Sun,&nbsp;Xue-Chun Xiao,&nbsp;Ping Xu,&nbsp;Guang-Zhi Hu","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03163-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03163-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rational construction of heterogeneous interfacial engineering presents a critical strategy for advancing efficient electrochemical water-splitting development. Here, a bimetallic sulfide-coupled MoNi alloy heterostructure catalyst (VMoS/MoNi) is synthesized via hydrothermal and sulfidation methods for high-performance alkaline water electrolysis. Benefiting from interfacial coupling within the VMoS/MoNi catalyst, the active sites are enriched, and electron transfer is promoted, leading to enhanced synergy and collaboration in electrocatalytic reactions. As a result, at 10 mA·cm⁻², the VMoS/MoNi catalyst demonstrates excellent HER (26 mV) and OER (223 mV) performance. VMoS/MoNi catalysts used as double electrode in an alkaline electrolytic assembly are noteworthy for achieving a cell voltage of 1.56 V at 10 mA·cm⁻², a significant improvement above most previously reported bifunctional electrocatalysts. This result provides further momentum for the design of heterostructure electrocatalysts, advancing the study of renewable energy conversion and storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3094 - 3106"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-controlled doping of Eu3+ in SmCrO3 with modulated magnetic and dielectric properties","authors":"Wen-Jie Huang,&nbsp;Ruo-Xuan Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Wu,&nbsp;Yi-Min Cui,&nbsp;Rong-Ming Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03135-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03135-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Doping can optimize the magnetic and dielectric properties of SmCrO₃, thereby expanding its application of electronic sensing, information storage and low–frequency capacitors. Herein, the ceramic composites of SmCrO₃, Sm_1–<i>x</i>Eu_<i>x</i>CrO₃ (<i>x</i> = 0.05 and 0.20) and SmCr_1–<i>y</i>Eu_<i>y</i>O₃ (<i>y</i> = 0.05 and 0.20) were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction. The pristine and Eu-doped SmCrO₃ samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results confirm the uniform doping of Eu³⁺ into SmCrO₃, with all compounds exhibiting an orthorhombic structure and good crystallinity. The temperature-dependent magnetization measurements show that doping does not change the Néel temperature (<i>T</i>_N, 197 K) and spin reorientation temperature (<i>T</i>_SR, 34 K) of all the Eu³⁺ doped SmCrO₃ ceramics. Notably, the magnetization of Sm_1–<i>x</i>Eu_<i>x</i>CrO₃ (<i>x</i> = 0.05 and 0.20) increases with greater doping content, whereas the magnetization of SmCr_1–<i>y</i>Eu_<i>y</i>O₃ (<i>y</i> = 0.05, 0.20) decreases with increased doping levels. The magnetizations of the Eu³⁺ doped SmCrO₃ samples can be tuned between 0.54 and 0.79 emu·g⁻¹ under 100 K and 20 kOe. The dielectric measurements illustrate that the doped samples exhibit higher dielectric constant and lower dielectric loss than those of pristine SmCrO₃ at temperatures exceeding 300 K. This work presents a straightforward method for effectively modulating the magnetic and dielectric properties of SmCrO₃.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 3","pages":"1895 - 1904"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in modification of metal and noble metal nanomaterials for metal oxide gas sensors: a review","authors":"Dan-Hong Gao,&nbsp;Qiu-Chen Yu,&nbsp;Mesfin A. Kebeded,&nbsp;Yu-Yan Zhuang,&nbsp;Sheng Huang,&nbsp;Ming-Zhi Jiao,&nbsp;Xin-Jian He","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03027-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03027-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highly sensitive gas sensors play an important role in applications, such as environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics and food testing. This paper reviews recent advances in metal-doped and noble metal-decorated chemo-resistive gas sensors with different nanostructures (ZnO, SnO₂, In₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃). It mainly includes the doping of metals such as Al, Fe and Cu, and the modification of noble metals such as Pd, Pt and Au, and introduces the bimetallic-modified materials possessing greater advantages than single metals in enhancing gas-sensitive performance. The results and problems of room-temperature detection of perovskite and metal oxide composite structural materials are also discussed. In addition, the potential applications of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gas sensing arrays and electronic nose smart sensing devices in disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring are presented through their limitations and development trends in areas such as smart homes. Finally, the main challenges and future prospects of metal oxide gas sensors are presented. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 3","pages":"1443 - 1496"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of relaxation times assisted grain and grain boundary structural diagnosis of La2Zr2O7-modified Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolyte","authors":"Yong-Jian Zhou,&nbsp;Ya-Qing Zhou,&nbsp;Xiao-Yi Li,&nbsp;Hao Zhou,&nbsp;Xiao Huang,&nbsp;Bingbing Tian","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03068-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03068-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The garnet-type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) solid electrolyte is regarded as a promising option for all-solid-state batteries owing to its notable features, including high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical window. Although aluminum-doped LLZO (Al-LLZO) is crucial for achieving LLZO ceramics with high critical current density, the characteristics of its grain and grain boundary structures remain largely elusive. In this work, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique, in conjunction with the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) method, was employed to investigate structural alterations in Al-LLZO ceramics modified by La₂Zr₂O₇ (LZO) additives. Additionally, the impact of sintering temperature and electrolyte testing temperature on ceramic structural changes was investigated using the DRT tools. By optimizing experimental conditions such as the concentration of added LZO and the sintering temperature of Al-LLZO, the study was further refined. This enabled us to successfully identify Al-LLZO solid electrolytes exhibiting uniform morphological structures, moderate crystal grain sizes and high density. By adding 6 wt% of LZO to the Al-LLZO solid electrolyte, we achieved the purest cubic phase and optimal lithium-ion conductivity. Under this condition, the sintered Al-LLZO ceramics exhibited exceeding 4.2 × 10⁻⁴ S·cm⁻¹ conductivity at room temperature and a high critical current density of up to 0.6 mA·cm⁻².</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3037 - 3050"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interfacial compatible Ti4P8S29 polysulfide cathode with open channels for high-rate solid-state polymer sodium batteries","authors":"You-Tan Pan,&nbsp;Xue Wang,&nbsp;Bai-Xin Peng,&nbsp;Ke-Yan Hu,&nbsp;Chong Zheng,&nbsp;Yu-Qiang Fang,&nbsp;Wu-Jie Dong,&nbsp;Fu-Qiang Huang","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03208-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03208-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solid-state polymer sodium batteries (SPSBs) are promising candidates for achieving higher energy density and safe energy storage. However, interface issues between oxide cathode and solid-state polymer electrolyte are a great challenge for their commercial application. In contrast, soft sulfur-based materials feature better interface contact and chemical compatibility. Herein, an interfacial compatible polysulfide Ti₄P₈S₂₉ with robust Ti–S bonding and a highly active P–S unit is tailored as a high-performance cathode for SPSBs. The Ti₄P₈S₂₉ cathode possesses a three-dimensional channel structure for offering ample Na⁺ diffusion pathways. The assembled poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)-based SPSBs deliver a discharge capacity of 136 mAh·g⁻¹ at 0.5C after 200 cycles. Furthermore, a discharge capacity of 88 mAh·g⁻¹ is retained after 600 cycles at a high rate of 2C, surpassing many cathode materials in SPSBs. A dual-site redox of Ti⁴⁺/Ti³⁺ and S⁻/S²⁻ is verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. Interestingly, a refined locally-ordered amorphous structure is unveiled by in situ and ex situ characterizations. The as-formed electrode structure with lots of open channels and isotropic properties are more beneficial for ion diffusion on the interface of electrode and solid-state polymer electrolytes (SPEs), leading to faster Na⁺ diffusion kinetics. This work proposes a strategy of modulating open-channel to boost conversion kinetics in polysulfide cathode and opens a new pathway for designing high-performance SPSBs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3008 - 3015"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen vacancies in polyimide carbon enable stable zinc-ion storage","authors":"Luan Fang,&nbsp;Li Lin,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wang,&nbsp;Shuang Liu,&nbsp;Wenyue Shi,&nbsp;Zaiyuan Le,&nbsp;Limin Chang,&nbsp;Tianhao Xu,&nbsp;Hairui Wang,&nbsp;Ping Nie","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03084-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03084-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) are promising electrochemical energy storage systems with advantages of high-energy density, low cost, safety and environmental friendliness. However, application of carbon-based cathodes is limited by their low-energy density due to the lack of active sites. Herein, a chemisorption sites modulating strategy is proposed to construct nitrogen-doped polyimide carbon nanoflowers with abundant oxygen vacancies and carbonyl functionalization via high-temperature calcination and subsequent acid processing. The synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies, carbonyl groups, enhanced surface area and porous structure enables stable zinc-ion storage with high capacity. Remarkably, the carbon materials can circulate 20,000 cycles stably at a current density of 2 A·g⁻¹. After 10,000 cycles at a high rate of 3 A·g⁻¹, a capacity retention rate of 64% can still be achieved. The as-prepared ZIHCs provide an energy density of 65.61 Wh·kg⁻¹ at the power density of 197.82 W·kg⁻¹. Current research shows that polyimide-derived carbon material synthesized by acid activation provides a new idea for developing cathodes in aqueous ZIHCs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 3","pages":"1674 - 1686"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controllable morphological transformations of nickel metal–organic frameworks for nickel–zinc batteries","authors":"Guang-Xun Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Yang,&nbsp;Wan-Chang Feng,&nbsp;Qiu-Jing Wang,&nbsp;Han-Yi Chen,&nbsp;Mohsen Shakouri,&nbsp;Song-Qing Chen,&nbsp;Huan Pang","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03038-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03038-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Constructing hierarchical nanostructures with highly exposed surfaces is a promising strategy for developing advanced cathode materials in aqueous batteries. Herein, we employed a competitive coordination strategy to optimize the characteristics of nickel metal–organic framework (Ni-MOF). Specifically, the acetate ions were employed as precise regulators, exerting a distinct influence on the morphology of the Ni-MOF and leading to a structural transition from a block structure to a two-dimensional (2D) layered structure. The optimized Ni-MOF exhibits a unique superstructure composed of hierarchical 2D layers assembled into flower-like architectures. This distinctive superstructure increases the electrochemically active surface area of Ni-MOF (N-2) and provides abundant pathways for electron/ion transfer, thereby facilitating efficient electrochemical reactions. Remarkably, the assembled aqueous alkaline N-2//Zn battery demonstrated enhanced specific capacity (0.446 mAh·cm⁻² at 1 mA·cm⁻²) and excellent maximum energy/power density (0.789 mWh·cm⁻²/17.262 mW·cm⁻²). This work not only offers valuable insights into regulating MOF morphology, but also makes a contribution toward enhancing the application potential of MOFs in aqueous batteries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"2976 - 2985"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of flexible ThO2 nanofibers with high-temperature resistance by designing the precursor structure","authors":"Zhe-Zhe Deng,&nbsp;Ying Peng,&nbsp;Yong-Shuai Xie,&nbsp;Cheng Zeng,&nbsp;Xin-Hao Li,&nbsp;Jia Li,&nbsp;Lu-Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Xiao-Long Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12598-024-03169-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12598-024-03169-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thorium dioxide (ThO₂) fibers exhibit exceptional structural stability, low density and superior flexibility, coupled with a remarkably high melting point, positioning them as promising candidates for thermal protection applications. Additionally, their commendable secondary processing characteristics enable the development of diverse composite materials when integrated with other materials, significantly broadening the potential utilization of ThO₂ materials and thorium resources in industrial fields. In this work, the ThO₂ fiber was fabricated by the sol–gel precursor method, and the precursor with good spinnability and excellent stability was synthesized for the first time. The ThO₂ fiber with a mean diameter of 868 nm is both highly flexible and strong (max. tensile strength 2.21 MPa), capable of bending freely across a wide temperature range from − 196 °C (in liquid nitrogen) to 1200 °C. Meanwhile, it exhibits excellent temperature stability and heat insulation properties. The ThO₂ nanofiber membranes with layered structure have low density (32–37 mg·cm⁻³), low thermal conductivity (27.3–30.1 mW·m⁻¹·K⁻¹@25 °C). The ThO₂ nanofiber membranes with 15 mm thickness can reduce the temperature from 1200 to 282 °C and maintain a high aspect ratio and bendability after 1200 °C@90 min. The results show that the ThO₂ fiber can be used as a new kind of high-temperature resistant material.</p>","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"44 5","pages":"3269 - 3280"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}