Rare Metals最新文献_第2页

Injectable Biomimetic Composite Hydrogel Scaffold With Tissue‐Engineered Cartilage Matrix for Articular Cartilage Regeneration 可注射仿生复合水凝胶支架与组织工程软骨基质用于关节软骨再生

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70009

Zhong‐Lian Wu, Junjie Jiang, Hang Yao, Xian‐Feng Shang, Ming‐Di Zheng, Xu Hu, Shuo Xu, Jun‐Li Shi, Yan Han, Chi‐Run Wang, Qi Tao, Huaiguo Xue, Dong‐An Wang, Yu‐Chi Zhao

{"title":"Injectable Biomimetic Composite Hydrogel Scaffold With Tissue‐Engineered Cartilage Matrix for Articular Cartilage Regeneration","authors":"Zhong‐Lian Wu, Junjie Jiang, Hang Yao, Xian‐Feng Shang, Ming‐Di Zheng, Xu Hu, Shuo Xu, Jun‐Li Shi, Yan Han, Chi‐Run Wang, Qi Tao, Huaiguo Xue, Dong‐An Wang, Yu‐Chi Zhao","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Articular cartilage regeneration remains a significant challenge because of its limited intrinsic healing capacity and the inadequacy of conventional treatments for restoring structural and functional integrity. In this study, a novel injectable composite hydrogel scaffold was designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of native cartilage. The scaffold combines hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA), chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (CSMA), and decellularized cartilage matrix (dCM) enriched with Type II collagen (COL II). This biomimetic scaffold exhibited excellent injectability, rapid UV‐induced cross‐linking, and favorable mechanical properties. Biological assessments demonstrated that the scaffold effectively enhanced chondrocyte proliferation, phenotypic maintenance, and ECM synthesis, with a remarkable over 10‐fold upregulation of COL II gene expression. Additionally, studies have further confirmed the superior capability of the scaffold to facilitate hyaline cartilage regeneration in vivo, with the regenerated tissue closely mimicking the mechanical and histological characteristics of native cartilage. This study provides an innovative biomimetic approach for cartilage regeneration and repair, offering potential as a minimally invasive strategy for cartilage repair in tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147899948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hollow Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Confined FeP/Fe ₂ P Nanoparticle‐Armored Catalyst for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Aqueous/Flexible Zinc‐Air Batteries 空心多孔氮掺杂碳约束FeP/ fe2p纳米颗粒铠装催化剂在水/柔性锌-空气电池中的高效氧还原反应

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70023

Lixia Wang, Jia‐Sui Huang, Xiao‐yang Cheng, Zhi‐Yang Huang, A‐Lin Zhou, Shu‐Hui Sun, Xia Yang, Tian‐Xiao Sun, Bin Wu

{"title":"Hollow Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Confined FeP/Fe 2 P Nanoparticle‐Armored Catalyst for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Aqueous/Flexible Zinc‐Air Batteries","authors":"Lixia Wang, Jia‐Sui Huang, Xiao‐yang Cheng, Zhi‐Yang Huang, A‐Lin Zhou, Shu‐Hui Sun, Xia Yang, Tian‐Xiao Sun, Bin Wu","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The design of nanoparticles confined in hollow N‐doped carbon structures is crucial for improving the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics, yet achieving this remains a significant challenge. In this work, hollow porous nitrogen‐doped carbon encapsulated FeP/Fe 2 P (H‐FeP/Fe 2 P) were successfully constructed via a templating method combined with dopamine hydrochloride coating, acid etching, and subsequent high‐temperature phosphating. In situ spectroelectrochemical investigations and theoretical results demonstrate that the adsorbed hydroxyl species (*OH) can be readily released from the catalyst surface by facilitating the dissociation of oxygen–oxygen bonds at the active sites of Fe, thus accelerating the kinetics of the ORR. The optimized H‐FeP/Fe 2 P achieves a high limiting current density of 5.5 mA cm −2 and a low Tafel slope of 39 mV dec −1 in 0.1 M KOH, outperforming corresponding solid samples and most reported transition metal phosphide catalysts. Moreover, the H‐FeP/Fe 2 P‐based aqueous ZAB exhibits remarkable performance, including high peak power density (175 mW cm −2 ), large specific capacity (813 mAh g −1 Zn ), and stable charge/discharge stability over 800 h. The corresponding solid‐state zinc‐air battery also delivers a high peak power density of 101 mW cm −2 and excellent flexibility. The carbon confinement strategy proposed in this study opens new avenues for developing high‐performance and cost‐effective non‐precious metal ORR catalysts in zinc‐air batteries.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Micro‐Nano Flower‐Like Na ₃ V ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ @C Constructed by Polar‐Driven H‐Bond Engineering Toward High‐Rate Sodium Storage 极性驱动氢键工程构建的花状Na 3v2 (po4) 3 @C的高速率钠储存

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70076

Xiaolei Wu, Ren Huang, Yibing Zhang, Peng Lv, Suhua Chen, Ying Bai

{"title":"A Micro‐Nano Flower‐Like Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 @C Constructed by Polar‐Driven H‐Bond Engineering Toward High‐Rate Sodium Storage","authors":"Xiaolei Wu, Ren Huang, Yibing Zhang, Peng Lv, Suhua Chen, Ying Bai","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70076","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The polyanionic compound Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NVP) has emerged as a competitive cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), owing to its high‐voltage redox activity (3.4 V vs. the Na + /Na reference couple) and NASICON‐type framework that enables superior ionic conductivity. However, the electrochemical performance of NVP is hampered by low intrinsic electronic conductivity, particularly under ultra‐fast charging and long‐term cycling conditions. Herein, a hierarchical micro‐nano flower‐like Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 with a carbon‐coating layer (HF‐NVP@C) is synthesized by a facile n‐propanol‐assisted precipitation method. Theoretical analysis and experimental tests reveal that the polar‐driven hydrogen bond engineering, manifested in the distinct molecular interaction between n‐propanol and ultrapure water (characterized by a shorter O‐H bond length of 1.859 Å and higher binding energy of −0.312 eV compared to methanol and ethanol counterparts), underpins the formation of the unique hierarchical micro‐nano flower‐like architecture. This hierarchical architecture creates an expanded interfacial area, enhances ionic transport pathways, and increases electrochemically active sites. Furthermore, a glucose‐derived carbon coating (∼2 nm in thickness) uniformly adheres to the NVP surface, effectively enhancing its electronic conductivity. Thus, the constructed HF‐NVP@C exhibits superior rate capability (68.1 mAh g −1 at 150C) and long‐term cycling stability (58.7% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 1C). This work proposes a viable strategy for designing high‐performance polyanionic cathodes using hydrogen bond engineering.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Constructing a Favorable Microenvironment for Robust Hydrogen Storage in MgH ₂ Through Synergistic Cooperation With Mn and Mg ₂ Ni 通过与Mn和m2ni的协同作用构建MgH 2稳健储氢的良好微环境

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70038

Ya‐Ke Wu, Kai Jia, Fu-Ying Wu, Bei‐Bei Xiao, Ting Bian, Hu Liu, Hong Li, Liu‐Ting Zhang

{"title":"Constructing a Favorable Microenvironment for Robust Hydrogen Storage in MgH 2 Through Synergistic Cooperation With Mn and Mg 2 Ni","authors":"Ya‐Ke Wu, Kai Jia, Fu-Ying Wu, Bei‐Bei Xiao, Ting Bian, Hu Liu, Hong Li, Liu‐Ting Zhang","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Weakening the electrostatic attraction between Mg 2+ ions and H − ions in MgH 2 is vital for improving the kinetic performance of MgH 2 for hydrogen storage. Herein, a multivalent microenvironment is synergistically created by Mn and Mg 2 Ni to break the stable structure of MgH 2 , enabling rapid and stable de/hydrogenation performance. Specifically, the catalyzed MgH 2 system rapidly emits 5.98 wt% H 2 at 265°C within just 20 min and swiftly absorbs 6.24 wt% H 2 at 150°C in a mere 10 min. Microscopic characterization shows that a tight interface is formed between Ni and Mn 2 O 3 , which provides a stable anchor point for the formation of hydrogen pumps. Additionally, the multivalency of Mn and abundant oxygen vacancies accelerate the electron transfer and provide the shortest path for H dissociation. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) indicates that Mg‐H is extracted from 0.173 to 0.204 nm after modification, achieving a reduced decomposition energy of MgH 2 . Besides, 97.8% reversible hydrogen storage capacity was maintained after 30 cycles, presenting prominent potential for practical applications.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable Synthesis of Ultrathin Silica Nanosheets for Applications in Thermal‐Management Aerogels and Flexible Composite Films 用于热管理气凝胶和柔性复合薄膜的超薄二氧化硅纳米片的可扩展合成

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70029

Qun‐Yao Yuan, Yuanfan Gu, Rong‐Rong Cheacharoen, J. F. Zhao

{"title":"Scalable Synthesis of Ultrathin Silica Nanosheets for Applications in Thermal‐Management Aerogels and Flexible Composite Films","authors":"Qun‐Yao Yuan, Yuanfan Gu, Rong‐Rong Cheacharoen, J. F. Zhao","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Silica nanosheets (SiO 2 NSs) hold great promise for advanced thermal protection applications because of their exceptional thermal and chemical stability. However, their development has been hindered by challenges in scalable synthesis and structural integration for specialized applications. Herein, we report a facile and scalable wet‐chemical strategy for producing high‐quality and ultrathin SiO 2 NSs with lateral dimension more than 5 μm and thickness of ∼2 nm. After graphene oxide (GO)‐templated thermal treatment, the mechanical stiffness of the SiO 2 NSs was significantly enhanced from 60.9 to 76.1 GPa. Leveraging their unique ultrathin and large lateral properties, the ultralight SiO 2 NSs aerogel was achieved via a bidirectional freeze‐casting technique. The aerogel demonstrates excellent fire resistance and high‐temperature tolerance, maintaining its structure upon direct exposure to 1200°C flames. Furthermore, the integration of SiO 2 NSs into a polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix has enabled the development of a large‐area and flexible fire‐retardant composite film, which exhibits an exceptional flame self‐extinguishing time of 2 s and mechanical flexibility. This work offers a scalable platform for fabricating functional SiO 2 NSs‐based materials and paves the way for their potential application in energy devices, aerospace protection, and flexible electronics.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid Nanoparticles Delivering ClpP‐mRNA Suppress Pyroptosis and Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via mTOR/BNIP3‐Activated Mitophagy 传递ClpP‐mRNA的脂质纳米颗粒通过mTOR/BNIP3‐激活的线粒体自噬抑制椎间盘退变中的焦亡和衰老

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70060

Kun Wang, Zhiqiang Wang, Tong Zhang, Shicheng Qiu, Guang Yang, Yanzheng Gao, Xiaofeng Lian, Xin Peng

{"title":"Lipid Nanoparticles Delivering ClpP‐mRNA Suppress Pyroptosis and Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via mTOR/BNIP3‐Activated Mitophagy","authors":"Kun Wang, Zhiqiang Wang, Tong Zhang, Shicheng Qiu, Guang Yang, Yanzheng Gao, Xiaofeng Lian, Xin Peng","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70060","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a predominant cause of low back pain, significantly impacting quality of life. Mitochondrial fitness is essential in the progression of IDD, as it regulates cellular senescence and pyroptosis. This study investigates the role of mitochondrial caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) in alleviating senescence and pyroptosis in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) through the enhancement of mitophagy. The significance of ClpP in IDD was established using clinical disc samples and rat models. We developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)‐encapsulated mRNA encoding ClpP (LNP–ClpP) to boost ClpP expression in NPCs under hypoxic conditions. In vitro assays and histological analyses demonstrated that ClpP activates mitophagy via the mTOR/BNIP3 pathway, leading to a significant reduction in senescence markers (p16 and p21) and pyroptosis markers (NLRP3 and caspase‐1 p20) in hypoxia‐exposed NPCs. In vivo experiments demonstrated that LNP–ClpP treatment alleviated the loss and fibrosis of nucleus pulposus tissue induced by fibrous puncture. Furthermore, immunohistochemical results indicated that LNP–ClpP reduced the expression of NLRP3 and p21 in the nucleus pulposus tissues of degenerated discs, underscoring the beneficial effect of LNP–ClpP in ameliorating disc degeneration. Overall, this study positions ClpP as a promising therapeutic target for IDD. The development of LNP‐based delivery systems for ClpP mRNA represents an innovative non‐surgical approach to augment mitochondrial function, thereby presenting a transformative therapeutic strategy for spinal degenerative disorders.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147905462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Janus Nanofiber‐Architected Moisture‐Enabled Power Generator for Intelligent Sensing and Neuromorphic Application 用于智能传感和神经形态应用的Janus纳米纤维结构湿能发电机

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70024

P. Chen, Bo He, Huan‐Huan Wei, B Wang, Jiawei Yang, Y. Liu, Qian Gao, Gang He

{"title":"Janus Nanofiber‐Architected Moisture‐Enabled Power Generator for Intelligent Sensing and Neuromorphic Application","authors":"P. Chen, Bo He, Huan‐Huan Wei, B Wang, Jiawei Yang, Y. Liu, Qian Gao, Gang He","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Moist‐electric generators (MEGs) harness energy from ubiquitous ambient humidity, which has emerged as a promising way to collect energy irrespective of location and time. This study presents a high‐performance MEG employing a bilayer Janus nanofiber membrane: a hydrophilic layer (lithium chloride/citric acid/polyvinyl alcohol) for enhanced moisture capture, and an evaporative layer (carbon black/polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinyl butyral) to facilitate water release. Optimized electrode pairs yield a single‐unit output of 1.08 V, 492 μA cm −2 , and 56.7 μW cm −2 . Crucially, a novel electrode architecture employing TiO 2 nanorod arrays on the hydrophilic side enables neuromorphic applications. Under light illumination without external bias, the device exhibits excitatory synaptic responses, successfully emulating fundamental synaptic functions, including paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), long‐term memory (LTM), and spike‐frequency‐dependent plasticity (SFDP). This work provides new design principles for self‐powered small electronics and neuromorphic sensing devices through synergistic material and electrode engineering in MEGs.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147885659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NIR‐Responsive Nano‐Integrated Magnesium Phosphate Cement Promotes Bone Regeneration via Osteoblast‐Exosome‐Osteoclast Crosstalk 近红外响应纳米集成磷酸镁水泥通过成骨细胞-外泌体-破骨细胞串音促进骨再生

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70103

Bin Wang, Shun‐Jie Wu, Xin‐Lin Lu, Yong Ge, Yue Zhang, Zhi‐Xiang Ma, Bin Xu, Paul‐K. Chu, Yuanzhang Zhao

{"title":"NIR‐Responsive Nano‐Integrated Magnesium Phosphate Cement Promotes Bone Regeneration via Osteoblast‐Exosome‐Osteoclast Crosstalk","authors":"Bin Wang, Shun‐Jie Wu, Xin‐Lin Lu, Yong Ge, Yue Zhang, Zhi‐Xiang Ma, Bin Xu, Paul‐K. Chu, Yuanzhang Zhao","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The limited osteogenic capacity of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) has constrained its biomedical applications, underscoring the necessity to develop MPC with enhanced physical properties and bone‐forming capabilities. In this study, a multifunctional MPC system was developed by incorporating zoledronic acid‐loaded near‐infrared (NIR)‐responsive nanocarriers, strontium oxide (SrO), and hyaluronic acid (HA). The nanocarriers were constructed using dual‐layer poly‐dopamine (PDA) modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), enabling controlled drug release and antibacterial efficacy under NIR stimulation. The optimized Sr‐ZMP‐HA MPC demonstrated prolonged setting time, near‐neutral pH, superior injectability, and improved compressive strength. Immersion tests revealed its sustained degradation resistance. This composite material exhibited excellent biocompatibility along with enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic properties, particularly when activated by NIR irradiation. The experiments demonstrated that NIR‐triggered Sr‐ZMP‐HA MPC promoted osteoblast‐derived exosome secretion. These exosomes mediated miRNA transfer to osteoclasts, effectively suppressing their proliferation and differentiation while delaying bone tissue senescence. This dual‐functional system, combining NIR‐responsive nanomedicine with exosome‐mediated intercellular communication, provided a novel strategy for developing advanced bone repair materials, potentially addressing current limitations in orthopedic applications through synergistic mechanical reinforcement and biological activation mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking Hardness–Toughness Trade‐Off in Novel (V, Nb)C Carbides via Nanoscale Phase Separation and Local‐Chemical‐Order Dislocation Network 通过纳米级相分离和局部化学有序位错网络打破新型（V, Nb）C碳化物的硬度-韧性平衡

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70006

Zhi‐Xuan Zhang, Na Li, Guo‐Rui Chang, Zongyao Zhang, Wei‐Li Wang, Chao Yuan, Wen Zhang

{"title":"Breaking Hardness–Toughness Trade‐Off in Novel (V, Nb)C Carbides via Nanoscale Phase Separation and Local‐Chemical‐Order Dislocation Network","authors":"Zhi‐Xuan Zhang, Na Li, Guo‐Rui Chang, Zongyao Zhang, Wei‐Li Wang, Chao Yuan, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Transition metal carbides demonstrate exceptional mechanical properties but confront a critical hardness–toughness trade‐off. Spinodal decomposition‐mediated phase separation is an effective approach to enhance mechanical properties in carbide ceramics through high‐temperature treatment. Guided by thermodynamic phase diagrams, this study designed a novel (V, Nb)C system wherein nanoscale phase separation was realized via controlled aging processes. Unlike traditional carbide ceramics, the aged (V, Nb)C carbides present a unique dual‐scale microstructure: nanoscale intragranular spinodal decomposition coexists synergistically with a grain‐boundary dislocation network associated with locally ordered phases. This unique structure effectively impedes dislocation motion, leading to superior mechanical performance enhancement compared to conventional carbide ceramics. Following controlled aging treatments, the material achieves a simultaneous enhancement of hardness (45% increase) and fracture toughness (25% improvement) relative to the as‐fabricated state, thereby overcoming the intrinsic hardness–toughness trade‐off inherent to carbide systems. This study elucidates the crucial role of spinodal decomposition in the microstructural evolution of composite carbides and highlights the efficacy of the chemically ordered dislocation network in suppressing diffusion and dislocation motion. These insights establish a robust theoretical framework for optimizing mechanical properties and designing ceramic materials with exceptional service performance.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rar2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual‐Stage Heat Treatment for Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Properties of Mg−Ni−Y Alloys 双阶段热处理增强Mg - Ni - Y合金的储氢性能

1区材料科学

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70111

You Lv, Qiang Yang, Jixing Zhu, Dongyue Zhao, Ji Fan, Valery Konstantinovich Sheleg, Xin Qiu

{"title":"Dual‐Stage Heat Treatment for Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Properties of Mg−Ni−Y Alloys","authors":"You Lv, Qiang Yang, Jixing Zhu, Dongyue Zhao, Ji Fan, Valery Konstantinovich Sheleg, Xin Qiu","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70111","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mg−Ni−Y alloy is considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials, but its high dehydrogenation energy barrier hinders its practical application. A dual‐stage heat treatment (490°C × 4 h + 550°C × 4 h) is applied to optimize the microstructure and hydrogen storage performance of a vacuum‐melted Mg 94 Ni 3 Y 3 alloy. This process induces a two‐level phase transformation of the long‐period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure (18R + 14H→14H→18R), facilitating Ni/Y atom pre‐distribution via stacking fault recombination at 490°C and promoting a eutectic‐like reaction at 550°C. As a result, a large‐scale eutectic‐like structure composed of finely dispersed and uniformly interwoven Mg 2 Ni and LPSO phases is formed, characterized by a high density of phase boundaries. The optimization of the microstructure directly leads to the enhancement of hydrogen storage performance, as evidenced by a reduction in dehydrogenation activation energy from 139.7 to 113.5 kJ mol −1 and a decrease in enthalpy change from 85.8 to 71.7 kJ mol −1 . This work demonstrates a convenient microstructure regulation strategy, which is expected to advance Mg−Ni−Y alloys toward industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":749,"journal":{"name":"Rare Metals","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0