The East African health research journal最新文献

{"title":"Hepatitis B Viral Infection and its Associated Factors among Population Aged at Least 15 Years in Three Selected Cities of Burundi.","authors":"Armstrong Ndihokubwayo, Tharcisse Nahimana, Emmanuel Hakizimana, Edouard Nkunzimana, Emile Ntirampeba, Cassien Nduwimana, Emmanuel Kayagwa, Nehemie Nzoyikorera, Joseph Nyandwi","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.802","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B virus infection is a common cause of viral hepatitis and affects 257 million people worldwide. Hepatitis B virus disease is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem that puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The present study sought to investigate the proportion of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and associated factors for its transmission among people aged at least 15 years in three selected cities of Burundi attending the HBV screening campaign.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional design by selecting conveniently 629 consenting participants aged at least 15 years during the screening campaign in three selected cities of Burundi namely Gitega, Rumonge and Cankuzo in June 2022. During the campaign, a structured questionnaire was administered by trained healthcare workers to collect socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics, as well as the history of exposure to HBV. HBV screening tests were performed with Cypress Diagnostics HBsAg Cards (Hulshout, Belgium). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with HBV infection in the screened participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 629 participants, 8.43% of whom tested positive for hepatitis B viral infection, with a mean age of 37.84 (SD=13.9) years. The participants were predominantly found in the over 50 years age group (31.1%) and the 18-30 years age group at 26.69%, the married (70.6%), the female (57.71%), and the farmers (60.25%), Rumonge city dwellers (33.39%), and those with a primary school level (36.25%). In this study, the associated factors with viral hepatitis B infection were residence in Cankuzo (OR=2, CI= 1-4, <i>p=.04</i>), and history of sharing sharp materials (OR=1.8, CI=1-3.3, <i>P=.03</i>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HBV infection was significantly associated with residence in Cankuzo and sharing sharp materials. HBV infection is endemic in these three provincial cities namely Cankuzo, Gitega and Rumonge. Given the various ways for HBV infection to occur within a general population, control of hepatitis B and its associated factors is one of the highest priorities in order to mitigate its transmission and monitor continuous exposure among Burundian population. There needs to be more help in the form of screening, immunizations for adults and other preventative measures, as well as treatment for the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 3","pages":"333-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Pattern and Treatment of Traumatic Bone Loss Following Long Bone Open Fractures at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre.","authors":"Tangai E Mwanga, Lele M Fabrice, Peter M Magembe, Rogers Temu, Honest Massawe, Octavian Shirima, Faiton N Mandari, Reginald R Shoo","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.813","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone loss resulting from open long bone fractures is a significant concern in low-income countries. This study aims to assess the prevalence, pattern, and treatment of traumatic bone loss in northeastern Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Orthopedics and Trauma Department of Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) from August 2020 to February 2023. The sample size comprised 365 participants with 394 open injuries. Data collection involved a structured electronic questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 14.7% of the patients treated at KCMC had traumatic bone loss following open long bone fractures. The majority of these patients were young males from rural areas involved in road traffic crashes. Comminuted fractures, especially in the tibia and fibula, were the most common fracture patterns associated with bone loss. Surgical debridement and external fixators were the primary treatment approach for patients with bone loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Traumatic bone loss following open long bone fractures is a significant issue in northeastern Tanzania. This study highlights the association between injury pattern, as per Gustilo classification, and the severity of the injury, consequently influencing the treatment plan and the potential for limb salvage. The factors significantly associated with bone loss were the Gustillo IIIB/IIIC classification of open fractures, fractures in the tibia and fibula, fibula fractures, and residence in an urban area.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 3","pages":"426-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ruptured Parasitic Dermoid Cyst in Blunt Abdominal Trauma.","authors":"Emanuel Q Nuwass, Martini Gemuwang, Hayte M Samo, Daudi Lotto, Fides Canuty","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst is one of the rare conditions that results from auto-amputation and re-implantation following torsion from the ovary and omentum, among other sites. Due to trauma to the abdomen, it may rupture, resulting in spillage of its contents and causing chemical peritonitis. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation complimented by abdominal ultrasound in low resource settings. A case of a 44-year-old (Iraqw by tribe) who presented with clinical features of acute generalized abdominal pain and distension for two days following blunt abdominal trauma. The abdominal ultrasound revealed a mass of mixed echogenicity with intraperitoneal free fluid. She underwent laparotomy, revealing ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst adhered to the anterior abdominal wall and urinary bladder, then excised. The high degree of suspicion of ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst is justified in adult patient with chemical peritonitis manifestation. The laparotomy is surgical management of choice in low-resource settings followed by prolonged follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"164-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11407123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of HIV Knowledge, Perceived Stigma and Risk among Transport Workers in Mbarara City, Southwestern Uganda.","authors":"Benjamin Betunga, Lilian Nuwabine, Eve Katushabe, Grace Among, Mary Grace Nakate, Ahmed M Sarki, Diana Mbatudde, Mary Namuguzi, John Baptist Asiimwe","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among transport workers in sub-Saharan Africa remains high, estimated at as high as 9.9% in western Uganda compared with the national prevalence of 5.4%. The prevalence of HIV among transport workers has been partly attributed to the level of knowledge regarding HIV prevention, perceived HIV risk, and stigma. Accordingly, these have been linked to high-risk HIV transmission behaviours that increase the chances of acquiring HIV among adults. Therefore, this study investigated the predictors of HIV knowledge, perceived HIV risk, and stigma among transport workers in Mbarara city in southwestern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The survey was conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 among transport workers (motorcycle taxi riders, motor vehicles taxi, and truck drivers), aged 18 to 55 years. Face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire were conducted with the study's participants. Chi-square and binary multivariate logistic regression statistics were used to assess the predictors of knowledge about HIV prevention, HIV perceived risk, and stigma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 420 participants, 69.3%, 75.4%, and 62% had good knowledge of HIV prevention, a high perceived HIV risk, and stigma, respectively. Predictors of knowledge of HIV prevention comprised education level (AOR=2.28, 95% CI=1.36-3.84), knowing HIV status (AOR=0.47, 95% CI=0.27-0.81), and perceived HIV risk (AOR=3.04, 95% CI=1.74-5.32). Whereas the determinants of perceived HIV risk included education level (AOR=1.34, 95% CI=1.34-4.24), knowing HIV status (AOR=0.26, 95% CI=0.15-0.48), HIV knowledge (AOR=2.38, 95% CI=1.36-4.178), and perceived stigma (AOR=0.47, 95% CI=0.24-0.89). Last, the predictors of perceived HIV stigma included perceived HIV risk (AOR=0.41, 95% CI=0.21-.791), and knowledge of HIV prevention (AOR=0.29, 95% CI=0.16-0.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found a high proportion of participants with good knowledge about HIV prevention, a high HIV perceived risk, and HIV-related stigma. In addition, this study suggests that the level of education and awareness of one's HIV status positively influences HIV knowledge and perceived risk. Whereas HIV-related stigma was in turn negatively influenced by the transport workers' HIV knowledge and perceived risk. This calls for multifaceted approaches at individual, group (interpersonal), and community levels to reduce HIV stigma among this study group. Incorporating continuous health education programs about HIV and encouraging HIV testing among transport workers remains critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"245-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11407124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Health Belief Model to Predict Hepatitis B Vaccination Uptake Among Undergraduate Nursing Students.","authors":"Gloria D Munuo, Golden Mwakibo Masika","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice have a higher risk of hepatitis B infection. The prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination (HBV vaccine) uptake among nursing students remained unknown. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with HBV vaccination among clinical nursing students.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A sample of 229 undergraduate nursing students was enrolled in an analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic data, status of vaccination, and beliefs about HBV infection and vaccination using domains of the health belief model (HBM) were collected in a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the participants' characteristics and prevalence of HBV vaccination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and domains of the HBM model and HBV vaccination uptake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of vaccination uptake was 25.8%. Sociodemographic factors associated with uptake of the HBV vaccine included being female (P =.031), being a final-year student (<i>P =.013</i>), and having knowledge of HBV (<i>P =.049</i>). As for HBM, two domains, perceived benefit [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86; <i>P=.022</i>] and self-efficacy (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI, 1.12 to 3.11; <i>P=.016</i>), were significantly associated with HBV vaccine uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HBV vaccination uptake among undergraduate clinical nursing students was low. Clinical experience, knowledge, perceived benefit, and self-efficacy were positively associated with HBV vaccine uptake. Interventions to improve these domains among BSc Nursing students should be promoted to improve vaccination uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"271-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11407118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faecal Carriage of Multidrug Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> and Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted at Tertiary Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Hadija A Salega, Doreen Kamori, Upendo O Kibwana, Joel Manyahi, Agricola Joachim, Salim Masoud, Ambele M Mwandigha, Mariam Mirambo, Martha F Mushi, Stephen E Mshana, Mtebe V Majigo","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.804","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospitalised neonates are at increased risk of carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> (ESBL-PE) and carbapenemase-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> (CPE), possibly leading to invasive infections. This study determined the faecal carriage of ESBL-PE, CPE, and associated factors among neonates at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates aged ≤ 28 days admitted at MNH. The participants' data and rectal swab samples were collected. Samples were processed to detect ESBL-PE and CPE. Results were confirmed using the double-disc diffusion synergy test and modified carbapenem inactivation method, respectively. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred forty neonates with a median age of 3 days (IQR: 2-9) were enrolled. The carriage rate of ESBL-E and CPE was 39.4%(134/340) and 1.8%(6/340), respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae (66.9%) and Escherichia coli (66.7%) were the common isolates for ESBL-PE and CPE, respectively. The factors independently associated with ESBL-PE carriage were antibiotic use (aOR 2.73, 95% CI: 1.38-5.39, <i>p=.04</i>), age increase (aOR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15, <i>p=.006</i>), prolonged hospitalisation (aOR 2.92, 95% CI: 1.17-7.29, <i>p=.02</i>), and neonate-sucking their fingers (aOR 2.98, 95% CI: 1.04-8.58, <i>p=.04</i>). The study observed a trend of CPE carriage toward neonates with prolonged hospitalisation (<i>p=.05</i>). ESBL-PE low resistance was observed to meropenem (0.9%), amikacin (2.7%-6.7%), and gentamicin (19.4% to 100 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed a relatively high carriage rate of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales among neonates admitted to a tertiary hospital. These findings underscore the importance of continuous surveillance of ESBL-PE and CPE to prevent infections and limit their potential transmission within hospital settings and the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 3","pages":"346-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12542991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145357073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'No One Has Taught Us to Have It All': Reflections from Women on the Gender-Based Challenges in Surgical Careers in Africa.","authors":"Marcella F D Ryan-Coker, Mwanaidi Ayumba, Lotta Velin, Ala Magzoub, Joselyne Nzisabira, Grace Paidamoyo Gwini, Samuel Mesfin Girma, Aemon Berhane Fissha, Amy Paterson","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.815","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The surgical field in Africa has long grappled with a gender imbalance, with women being significantly underrepresented. Despite global efforts to foster gender diversity in healthcare practices, African women pursuing surgical careers still face substantial hurdles. This paper investigates these women's experiences and challenges, aiming to raise awareness of these issues and propose strategies for improving gender equity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe contextual aspects of barriers affecting women in surgery in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting female medical students interested in surgical careers, interns, trainees, and surgical consultants across Africa. The survey was distributed in November-December 2021. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and a simplified thematic analysis for qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 105 participants from 17 countries, aged 20 to 50 years and with various training levels, completed the survey. General surgery was the most common speciality among the respondents. Notably, 63% reported gender-based discrimination, with many (74%) attributing societal and familial discouragement and financial commitments as major barriers to pursuing surgical careers. Participants also shared experiences of gender-based inequity, underestimation of their skills, sexist comments, and even instances of sexual harassment during training or work.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study sheds light on the complex barriers African women face in pursuit of surgical careers. To enhance diversity in the field, fundamental change is required. This necessitates recognising the underlying causes hindering women's progress in surgery and the implementation of interventions to promote gender equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 3","pages":"443-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Medication Practice and Associated Factors Among Health Science Students in Central Tanzania.","authors":"Elihuruma E Stephano, Osward S Lyimo, Victoria M Godfrey, Silas G Shemdoe, Masanyiwa E James, Rajabu M Kingo, Julius E Ntwenya","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.810","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i3.810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-medication practice is highly prevalent worldwide despite the scaled-up campaigns to refrain from using drugs without a prescription. Inadequate knowledge has been associated with the increasing practice of self-medication among students. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-medication and explore factors associated factors with the practice among health science students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dodoma, where 255 students were interviewed using a self-administered adapted questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using SPSS version 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-medication prevalence was 69%. Paracetamol (52.1%) and Ibuprofen (29.4%) were primarily used for relief of headache (76.7%) and menstrual pain (18.2%). Among the studied students, 59.6% had inadequate knowledge, while 60.8% had a positive attitude towards self-medication. Mode of hospital payment (cash) (AOR=3.75; 95% CI: 1.868-6.825 <i>p<.001</i>) and household income (<10,000TSh) (AOR=2.868; 95% CI: 1.355-6.071 <i>p=.006</i>) were significantly associated with self-medication practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-medication practice among health science students is prevalent. Inadequate knowledge and low socioeconomic status play a significant role in self-medication practice. Increasing students' access to inexpensive healthcare options and counselling services may help in reducing self-medication practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 3","pages":"402-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cervical Cancer Screening Among Female Students in Allied Health Colleges in Shinyanga Region.","authors":"Zephania Pascal Msunza, Anna Tengia Kessy, Saidah Mohamed Bakar","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i1.747","DOIUrl":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i1.747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of death among women of reproductive age (15-49 years). In Tanzania, cervical cancer is the first cause of mortality and morbidity among females with cancers. The disease impact is highly associated with a lack of adequate knowledge and a negative attitude toward cervical cancer screening among healthcare workers (HCWs).This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude toward cervical cancer screening among female students as future HCWs from allied health colleges in the Shinyanga region.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Descriptive cross-sectional study data was collected from 420 students in allied health colleges using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22, Likert, and brooms cut-off points. The association between cervical cancer screening and the independent variables on knowledge, attitude, and other related factors was established by using logistic regression, and the Odds Ratio (OR) of greater than one, 95% confidence interval, and a <i>P</i>-value of <.05 was statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-thirds of the respondents 276 (65.7%) had low knowledge, while only 34 (8.1%) had very good knowledge of cervical cancer and screening. Most of the respondents 298 (70.1%) had a favorable attitude toward cervical cancer screening. Only 52 (12.1%) had ever screened for cervical cancer. Logistic regression showed odds at 2.37 (95% CI, 1.30-4.31, <i>p=.005</i>) of taking the cervical screening test to students with the correct knowledge and positive attitude to cervical screening at 1.42 (95% CI, 0.32-6.29, <i>p=.647</i>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed there is low knowledge of cervical cancer screening among female students in health and allied colleges, despite a favorable attitude toward the practice of screening. A well-integrated approach to providing comprehensive and practical aspects of cervical cancer screening during formal training in the curriculum for female students should be adopted to increase their knowledge and positive attitude toward screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Related to Client Satisfaction with Community Based Health Insurance Services During COVID-19 Pandemic in Central Uganda: A Mixed Methods Healthcare Facility Based Study.","authors":"Stevens Kisaka, Frank K Tumwebaze, Simon Kasasa","doi":"10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 lockdowns, healthcare services were disrupted and community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes could not operate efficiently. This study assessed the level of client satisfaction with CBHI schemes, associated factors, and service provider perspectives in central Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an explanatory sequential mixed-methods (quantitative - qualitative) study that was conducted between March and September 2021. In the first phase, a cross-sectional study among the 365 clients of the CBHI schemes who were aged ≥18 years old. The participants were recruited consecutively as they reported to the healthcare facility. Quantitative data were collected at patient exit using a piloted semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. In the second phase, qualitative data were collected through 11 key informant interviews. These data were analyzed using a deductive thematic analysis approach. Modified Poisson regression was used to assess factors associated with client satisfaction and a p-value ≤0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of the total number of participants, 38.9% (142/365) were \"satisfied\" with the CBHI services. Less satisfaction was associated with secondary level of education or above (adjPR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36-0.85, <i>P=.007</i>); residing beyond 16 kilometers from the healthcare facility (adjPR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.41-0.95, <i>P=.014</i>); staying on the scheme for over 3 years (adjPR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.99, <i>P=.046</i>); and good knowledge about the CBHI (adjPR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.99, <i>P=.040</i>). Irregular availability of healthcare workers and long waiting time affected client satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Satisfaction was considerably low during the lockdown. Lockdowns due to pandemics interrupt healthcare services and subsequently affect the satisfaction of CBHI clients with scheme services. Scheme managers need to identify facilities that are closer to enrolees and invest in technologies that reduce waiting time in the healthcare facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":74991,"journal":{"name":"The East African health research journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"222-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11407125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}