alexandria engineering journal最新文献

{"title":"Refining the analytic hierarchy process: A statistical and methodological exploration of expert judgments","authors":"Valery Lukinskiy,&nbsp;Vladislav Lukinskiy,&nbsp;Darya Bazhina","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research aims to bridge the gap between theoretical assumptions and the actual behavior of experts in real-world scenarios. This gap has significant practical implications, as it affects the validity of the decisions made using AHP. The adjustments proposed are based on a deep statistical and methodological analysis. The analysis of nearly 500 expert judgment matrices reveals that the upper bounds of Saaty’s 1–9 scale are rarely used, supporting the adoption of a simplified 1–7 scale to reduce experts’ cognitive load and enhance judgment reliability. The authors compared various methods for deriving priority vectors, consistency indices, and deviations. This comparative analysis exposes inconsistencies in traditional approaches and underlines the need for a more context-driven, empirically informed methodology. By decomposing the AHP methodology into eight features with multiple alternatives, our morphological analysis uncovers 4860 potential configurations. This framework not only reveals the latent complexity of AHP but also paves the way for selecting or adapting configurations that better align with the specifics of different decision-making scenarios. The researchers suggest concrete adjustments revising the simulation algorithm for the random consistency index (R.I.) to reconcile theoretical assumptions with empirical behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 526-536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical analysis and bifurcations in a fractional integrable equation","authors":"Hongwei Ma ,&nbsp;Riaz Ur Rahman ,&nbsp;Solomon Manukure","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the dynamics of the nonlinear (1+1)-dimensional integrable beta-fractional Akbota equation, a Heisenberg ferromagnet-type model essential for understanding curve analysis and surface geometry. Characterized as a system of coupled differential equations with soliton solutions, this equation plays a crucial role in studying nonlinear processes in differential geometry, magnetism, and optics. Exact soliton wave solutions, including periodic, dark, trigonometric, Jacobi elliptic, Weierstrass elliptic function solutions, hyperbolic, rational, and solitary waves, are derived using the novel sub-ODE method and the unified method. These analytical solutions enhance the theoretical framework, allowing for the identification of broader patterns and relationships in nonlinear wave phenomena. To illustrate the propagation characteristics of the obtained soliton solutions, the study includes physical representations such as <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> visualizations. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of the dynamical system is conducted, investigating chaotic behavior through bifurcation theory. Notably, this study is the first to apply these soliton solution methods to the fractional Akbota equation. Furthermore, the equation is transformed into a planar dynamical system via the Galilean transformation, and its sensitivity performance is assessed. A detailed sensitivity analysis, implemented using the Runge–Kutta numerical integration scheme, reveals that bounded deviations in solution trajectories arise from perturbations in initial state vectors. This systematic investigation establishes the structural stability characteristics of the system within the examined parameter domain, demonstrating that the solution manifolds maintain robust stability under infinitesimal variations in initial conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 600-623"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of real and complex multi-soliton solutions, novel soliton molecules, asymmetric solitons and diverse wave solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation","authors":"Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Huan Huang ,&nbsp;Kang-Jia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main center of this exploration is to extract some exact solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation (KPe), which can be used to model the long wave water waves with weak nonlinear restoring forces and frequency dispersion. First, the Hirota method is exerted to develop the real and complex multi-soliton solutions. Then, the soliton molecules (SMs) are derived by introducing the velocity resonance (VR). In addition, the asymmetric solitons (ASs) are also found through adjusting the initial phase values. Eventually, two efficacious methods, Wang’s direct mapping method-II (WDMM-II) and the variational method (VM), are employed to explore the other abundant wave solutions, including the bright soliton, dark soliton, periodic wave and the singular wave solutions. The profiles of the acquired exact solutions are depicted to exhibit the corresponding physical attributes. The findings of this research can enable us master the dynamics of the considered KPe better.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 537-544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed convection effect on MHD Oldroyd-B nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet through a porous medium with viscous dissipation-chemical engineering applications","authors":"M.S. Alqurashi ,&nbsp;F.S. Bayones ,&nbsp;S.M. Abo-Dahab ,&nbsp;A.M. Abd-Alla ,&nbsp;M.S. Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In drug delivery systems, polymers are now necessary components, especially because they are flexible, viscous fluids that can help regulate drug release over time. Drug delivery that is targeted, sustained, and has few adverse effects is made possible by the engineering of these polymers to offer a variety of controlled release mechanisms. When it comes to viscosity and rheological characteristics, polymers can provide flexibility, which makes them perfect for use in formulations where fluid qualities are crucial for efficient drug delivery. This work's primary goal is to investigate the mixed convection effect on magnetohydrodynamic flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid through a porous medium as a model of viscoelastic fluids while accounting for nonlinear thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and chemical reaction in the presence of viscous dissipation and Joule heating. The system of partial differential equations controlling the flow process was converted into a new system of ordinary differential equations using symmetric transformations and dimensionless variables. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with the shooting technique was then used to solve the equations numerically. A graphical analysis was performed using MATLAB to demonstrate how the main distributions under research reacted when all of the physical elements derived from the study were altered, in addition to outlining the basic concepts, physical interpretations, and potential therapeutic applications. According to certain research findings, the temperature distribution is positively impacted by the thermal radiation coefficient, heat generation and absorption coefficient, thermophoresis coefficient, and Eckert number, while the velocity distribution is negatively impacted by the magnetic field, Darcy number, and mixed convection coefficient. Meanwhile, the concentration distribution of nanoparticles is a decreasing function that is influenced by the Prandtl number, Lewis number, and Brownian motion coefficient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 507-525"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty assessment of electromagnetic exposure safety for human body with intracranial artery stent around EV-WPT based on K-GRU surrogate model","authors":"Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Kaifeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Quanyi Yu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Tianhao Wang ,&nbsp;Yaodan Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to gain popularity and wireless power transfer (WPT) advances, protecting human health from electromagnetic exposure during EV-WPT operation has become a critical research priority. Given the rising number of patients with metallic medical devices implanted, this article presents a human model of an adult male with an intracranial arterial stent exposed to electromagnetic field leakage from WPT. Considering uncertainties in WPT manufacturing errors and human positioning relative to WPT, this article employs a modified Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) architecture based on the Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (K-GRU) to quantify these uncertainties in electromagnetic safety assessment. Compared to the Monte Carlo (MC) method, the K-GRU proxy modeling approach reduces assessment time to just 5% of that required by MC. The findings indicate intracranial artery stent implantation significantly influences the distribution of the induced electric field within the human body. Specifically, there is a 96% probability that the induced electric field exceeds the limits set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines at the EV’s outer side, and a 71.5% probability at the rear. These findings suggest that for patients with intracranial arterial stents, maintaining appropriate safety distances and implementing power restrictions in EV-WPT systems may be necessary to ensure compliance with electromagnetic exposure limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 624-635"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemically radiative aspects of mixed convection unsteady MHD stagnation point flow with Williamson nanofluid: Semi-numerical approach","authors":"Vishwanath B. Awati ,&nbsp;Akash Goravar ,&nbsp;N. Mahesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Gabriella Bognár","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Williamson nanofluid exhibits a wide range of applications in the oil industry, geothermal reservoirs, and biomedical fields. The present study delves into the significant aspects of the heat and mass transfer phenomenon within the unsteady Williamson Buongiorno model over a stretching surface through a porous medium. The influence of magnetic field, thermal radiation, chemical reaction, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis coefficients on flow field are explored. The leading constitutive equations are converted to nonlinear, self-similar ordinary differential equations via appropriate similarity conversion equations. These resultant equations are solved using collocation strategies such as shifted Chebyshev collocation and Haar wavelet collocation techniques. The velocity profiles exhibit a decline in flow-assisting conditions while increasing in flow-opposing situations for the corresponding parameters except for mixed convection, solutal, and radiation parameters. The temperature profiles augment with mixed convection (flow opposing case) and radiation parameters; the contrasting nature of these profiles is noticed for other governing parameters. Concentration profiles initially intensify but subsequently decrease in the far-field flow region under both flow circumstances. The skin-friction coefficient reduces with growing parameters of radiation, mixed convection, Brownian motion, chemical reaction, Schmidt number, and reverse trend in the skin-friction coefficient is noticed for enhancement in remaining flow factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 647-662"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer diagnosis in smart healthcare: Optimization of the MamCancerX model’s multiple instance learning framework","authors":"Yuliang Gai ,&nbsp;Ji Hao ,&nbsp;Yuxin Liu ,&nbsp;Minghao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of smart healthcare, the application of artificial intelligence in cancer diagnosis has become increasingly widespread. Whole slide images (WSIs) play an important role in cancer diagnosis, especially within the multiple instance learning (MIL) framework, where large-scale medical image data processing can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy. However, traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer models still have limitations in handling WSIs, particularly in local feature extraction and global context modeling, leading to high computational complexity and memory consumption. To address these issues, this paper proposes MamCancerX, an innovative model that combines the Fusion Mamba module, Agent Attention module, and ResNet50 feature extractor. MamCancerX optimizes the fusion of local features and global information through cross-layer token fusion and self-attention mechanisms, enhancing performance and efficiency in cancer classification tasks. Specifically, the Fusion Mamba module improves global perception, while the Agent Attention module enhances the model’s focus on key regions through self-attention. Experimental results show that MamCancerX excels on the Camelyon16 and BRACS datasets, outperforming existing methods in key metrics such as accuracy, AUC, and F1 score, while also demonstrating significant advantages in memory consumption and computational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 566-574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mathematical analysis of human papilloma virus (HPV) disease with new perspectives of fractional calculus","authors":"Thabet Abdeljawad ,&nbsp;Nadeem Khan ,&nbsp;Bahaaeldin Abdalla ,&nbsp;Asma Al-Jaser ,&nbsp;Manar Alqudah ,&nbsp;Kamal Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.03.136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human papilloma virus (HPV) presents a significant global public health challenge, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare and preventive measures. This study introduces a novel mathematical model to analyze the transmission dynamics of HPV infection, incorporating advanced fractional calculus techniques. Unlike previous models, this framework integrates vaccination strategies, carrier dynamics, and reinfection phenomena through the innovative use of the piecewise Atangana–Baleanu derivative within the Caputo definition framework. The study key contributions includes establishing the existence and uniqueness theory, investigating Ulam–Hyers stability, and identifying equilibrium points for the proposed model. Furthermore, the work extends numerical methods by applying an Adams-type predictor–corrector scheme for Atangana–Baleanu derivatives and adapting the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method for Caputo derivatives to achieve precise computational results. Through a detailed numerical analysis, the model explores the impact of varying fractional-order values on HPV transmission dynamics, providing insights into how fractional-order systems can better capture the complex interactions and interconnectedness of communities. These advancements highlight the novelty of the approach in improving disease modeling and enhancing the understanding of HPV transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 575-599"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing sustainable greenhouse flower-plant production: Managing trapezoidal demand dynamics and shortages","authors":"Anuz Kumar Chakrabarty ,&nbsp;Md. Al-Amin Khan ,&nbsp;Wedad Albalawi ,&nbsp;Mohamed R. Eid ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Shehata ,&nbsp;Aminur Rahman Khan ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar Shaikh","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid growth of the greenhouse, nursery, and flower industry, fueled by advancements in sustainability, technology, and innovative farming techniques, necessitates detailed exploration of sustainable production practices. This study delves into the complex dynamics of greenhouse flower-plant production (GFPP), focusing on strategies to minimize system costs while reducing environmental impacts. The production process is segmented into four critical stages: seed germination, development, maturation, and decline. Throughout the germination phase, no sales occur. In the development phase, trays are allocated for individual plants in preparation for marketing. As plants mature, demand rises, stabilizes, and gradually declines, following a trapezoidal demand pattern (TDP). Greenhouse farming operates in controlled environments, relying on heating, cooling, artificial lighting, and fertilizers, which contribute to emissions. These emissions are regulated under various frameworks, including carbon tax (CT), cap-and-trade (CAT), and cap-and-price (CAP) schemes, each imposing different cost and compliance requirements on the producer. Flower plant mortality is modeled as a continuous probability distribution function, adding further complexity to production planning. This research aims to identify the optimal stocking time that minimizes the producer’s costs while adhering to emission regulations. Analytical insights are developed and validated through multiple numerical scenarios. Findings demonstrate that sustainable GFPP can achieve balance between economic efficiency and environmental responsibility. By adopting proposed strategies, producers can enhance operational sustainability, contribute to ecological preservation, and strengthen flower industry resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 545-565"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intellectual property strategy and corporate ESG performance: A quasi-natural experiment from national intellectual property demonstration cities","authors":"Fenfen Ma ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Peng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper takes the intellectual property model city as a pseudo-natural experiment, selects the data associated with publicly traded companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets in China from 2009 to 2021 as the research specimens, and adopts the Difference-in-Differences (DID) to examine the causal impact of intellectual property strategy implementation on corporate ESG performance. The study finds that intellectual property strategy substantially enhances corporate ESG performance, and this determination remains robust after a variety of sensitivity analyses containing the test for the parallelism of trends, dummy test, and PSM-DID estimation. Intellectual property strategy improves corporate ESG by reducing systemic transaction costs, alleviating financing constraints, and fostering green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the intellectual property strategy exerts a more significant impact on state-owned firms, technology-intensive enterprises, severely polluted enterprises, medium and large enterprises, and enterprises in the eastern region in promoting ESG performance of enterprises. The findings indicate that intellectual property strategy is critical in facilitating the sustainable development of enterprises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"125 ","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}