Zeeshan Ali , Yasmeen Ansari , Maryam Bukhari , Muazzam Maqsood , Sungwoo Park , Seungmin Rho
{"title":"CMGM: A novel cross-market assets and multi-market modeling graph neural networks for financial market forecasting leveraging market states dependencies","authors":"Zeeshan Ali , Yasmeen Ansari , Maryam Bukhari , Muazzam Maqsood , Sungwoo Park , Seungmin Rho","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in different financial services, such as financial technology (FinTech), is uprooting conventional ways and bringing novel alternatives. The latest trends in stock price forecasting are the use of Graph Neural Networks (GNN). However, these methods are still overlooked when modelling intricate dependencies of stock prices across multiple asset classes, including cryptocurrencies, commodities, bonds, and foreign exchange. Secondly, in graph learning, the correlations are overlooked to accumulate the impact of different financial conditions such as volatility trends, skewness/Kurtosis, and dynamic time-series correlations among different markets. To address such challenges, this research proposes a novel model called CMGM (Cross-Market Graph Modelling). It aims to model relationships between stocks within the same market and across different markets using specialized graph layers. The proposed CMGM designed the super and sub-graphs by leveraging the market state dependencies and highlights the benefits of bringing interconnected graphs with graph-based architectures for multi-market simulation. Such market-state dependencies are investigated around different factors using standard correlation, volatility-adjusted, skewness/kurtosis adjusted, as well as dynamic correlations that evolved over time. The proposed CMGM model is evaluated on U.S. stocks (S&P 500), commodities, forex, U.S. bonds, and cryptocurrencies. The findings of the research indicate that proposed CMGM models show good results over baseline methods, as well as showing improvements in multi-market simulation by achieving the lowest MAE and MSE errors of 0.01148 and 0.00026, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1101-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristiane Lopes , Bruno Pedrosa , Grzegorz Lesiuk , Paweł Zielonka , Szymon Duda , Hermes Carvalho , José Correia , Arkadiusz Denisiewicz , Tomasz Socha , Krzysztof Kula
{"title":"Development of glass/carbon/basalt hybrid FRP rebars for reinforced-concrete beams under bending","authors":"Cristiane Lopes , Bruno Pedrosa , Grzegorz Lesiuk , Paweł Zielonka , Szymon Duda , Hermes Carvalho , José Correia , Arkadiusz Denisiewicz , Tomasz Socha , Krzysztof Kula","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FRP rebars have been considered as an alternative solution to conventional steel rebars in concrete reinforced elements. There are still several challenges to overcome in order to make it more widely used, namely in what concerns rebars production process, mechanical properties and feasibility. This research work presents the development and characterization of a new type of hybrid FRP rebars combining glass, carbon and basalt fibres and analyses its application as tensile reinforcement on concrete beams tested under bending loading. Modifications on the standard pultrusion process were proposed (dual heat sections) leading to less voids and more homogeneous rebars. Twenty-three beams were used in the experimental campaign comparing beams reinforced with commercially available GFRP rebars, three different types of developed hybrid FRP rebars and beams with steel rebars. The bending performance was evaluated as well as load-deflection behaviour using two reinforcement ratios. In bending tests, Hybrid67 rebars outperformed GFRP with 36 % higher moment capacity and 49 % greater ductility, offering a promising alternative for durable, corrosion-resistant concrete structures. The best hybrid solution achieved tensile strengths up to 1013 MPa and improved bond and ductility. Experimental results were compared with analytical models described in American and Canadian standard models. A consistent overestimation, around 30 %, of the cracking moment was observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1073-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-label feature selection with shared latent structure and hypergraph learning for biological data","authors":"Hua Deng , Mahnaz Moradi","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-dimensional biological data presents major challenges for multi-label learning due to complex feature-label interactions. For example, datasets in this domain often contain tens of thousands of features and hundreds of correlated labels, making it difficult to capture the intricate relationships between features and labels. This high dimensionality increases computational cost and reduces prediction accuracy in traditional models. Most existing multi-label feature selection methods emphasize label correlations but overlook non-linear and higher-order dependencies between features and labels. To address these issues, we propose a method called Shared Latent Structure and Hypergraph Learning for Multi-label Feature Selection (SLHFS). SLHFS employs matrix factorization to discover shared latent structures in feature and label spaces, improving the identification of features relevant to multiple labels. It also incorporates hypergraph regularization to capture complex relationships, ensuring consistency between the original and reduced feature spaces. We evaluate SLHFS on multiple biological datasets using metrics such as Coverage, Hamming Loss, One Error, Ranking Loss, and Average Precision.Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in multi-label feature selection performance, highlighting the importance of capturing shared latent structures and higher-order dependencies for biological data analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 1109-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaodan Li , Yue Zhou , Fengchun Gao , Di Cheng , Wushan Li , Kaijian Xia , Hongsheng Yin
{"title":"MDGAIN-IFC: An intelligent construction method for full/refined benchmark dataset of postpartum hemorrhage based on MDGAIN and information fidelity","authors":"Xiaodan Li , Yue Zhou , Fengchun Gao , Di Cheng , Wushan Li , Kaijian Xia , Hongsheng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) seriously affects the quality of life of parturients and their families, and imposes a huge economic and social burden on countries around the world. In this study, we propose a PPH Full/Refined (F/R) Dataset construction framework integrating Missing Data Generative Adversarial Imputation Networks (MDGAIN) and Information Fidelity Criterion (IFC). We perform direct coarse-value cleaning and restoration on raw PPH data, defining an outlier measure for data centroids and determining coarse values based on the 3σ criterion. We use the MDGAIN to generate data that conform to the distribution of real samples and impute missing data. We propose the IFC for constructing refined datasets, and under the guidance of the criterion, we investigate attribute-refined methods based on the mutual information method and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Additionally, we propose attribute-refined methods based on information fusion for constructing refined datasets. Using electronic medical records of 68,352 vaginal deliveries from Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Shandong, China), Using electronic medical records and manually curated data obtained from 68,352 vaginal deliveries of Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Shandong, China), we construct the PPH F/R benchmark dataset. Finally, we use PPH prediction methods such as the XGBoost, logistic regression (LR), and random forest to validate the consistency of the constructed PPH F/R dataset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1057-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-interaction iterative multi-layer classification model for EEG signals using support vector machines","authors":"Su Chong , Xu Xiao , Zhenhua Gong , Zhou Ta","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.07.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.07.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The classification of Epileptic Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by machine learning has become one of the current research hospitals. The research work can be roughly divided into two stages. (1) How to extract effective training features from the original signal; (2) How to construct or train the appropriate model according to the existing training features. However, it is not easy to establish such an appropriate training model. In this study, we propose a two-interactive iterative multi-layer modeling learning method based on classical support vector machine (SVM). In order not to excessively increase the extra computational cost, we set two SVMs in a training-module for parallel calculation and mutual supervision and adjustment. The training stop conditions are set, and the outputs of two SVMs are used to determine the number of model iterative training, which gives full play to the classification advantages of each SVM and alleviates the overfitting problem. A training sample space optimization method is proposed, which considers the mutual guiding effect of decision-making information between different training-modules and different SVMs in the same module, and realizes the consistency of the model with progressive training mode. In the end, the proposed model wins the second place in most of the constructed datasets, with its best training accuracy of 97.11% and the best testing accuracy of 96.06%, which also confirms the feasibility of the proposed model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1046-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yating Wu , Feng Bu , Jin Tian , Li Zhao , Guangfei Yang , Jianming Lu
{"title":"PATNet: Permute attention and transformer-enhanced network for segmentation of musculoskeletal ultrasound images","authors":"Yating Wu , Feng Bu , Jin Tian , Li Zhao , Guangfei Yang , Jianming Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Musculoskeletal ultrasound, due to its non-invasive nature, real-time feedback, and low cost, has been widely used for the evaluation of neuromuscular systems. However, owing to the structural complexity of muscle fibers, traditional image segmentation methods still face significant challenges in accurately identifying subtle pathological regions. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a deep learning model called PATNet (Permute Attention and Transformer-Enhanced Network for Segmentation of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Images). The model is built upon the classical U-Net architecture to enhance the perception of microstructural features in muscle fibers.The Permute Spatial Attention (PSA) module reconstructs spatial information into the channel dimension, improving the model's sensitivity to muscle fiber orientation, density, and fine-grained texture variations. Meanwhile, the Permute Channel Attention (PCA) module models inter-channel dependencies, which helps suppress fat artifacts and background noise while highlighting anatomically relevant features of muscle tissue. In addition, PATNet incorporates Transformer modules to capture long-range dependencies in the image and leverages skip connections and multi-scale feature fusion mechanisms to enhance feature interaction and representation across different levels. Experimental results on multiple musculoskeletal ultrasound datasets demonstrate that the proposed PATNet model achieves excellent segmentation performance, significantly enhancing both the accuracy and robustness of muscle structure recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1089-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decarbonization of caffeine through an environmentally friendly carbon nanomaterial platform to address neurodegenerative diseases caused by emerging pollutants","authors":"Ruqiong Wei , Yuchang Gui , Chenghao Li , Tianhui Gao , Jing Jiang , Aiwei Yang , Yunshan Zhang , Lina Huang , Jianwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study focused on the synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) and ozone-oxidized NGQDs (Oz-NGQDs) through a microwave-assisted method and subsequent ozone treatment. Structural results showed that the surface areas of NGQDs and Oz-NGQDs were determined to be 177 and 228 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and the average pore diameters for NGQDs and Oz-NGQDs were 14 and 27 nm, respectively, implying the amorphous nature imparted by the ozonation of the NGQDs. Study the optical properties showed band gap energies of 3.41 eV for NGQDs and 2.99 eV for Oz-NGQDs, demonstrating that Oz-NGQDs have a narrower band gap. Results of photoluminescence studies further indicated the promoted charge separation efficiency in Oz-NGQDs, with lower recombination rates and longer photo-induced electron lifetimes compared to NGQDs. Results of the photocatalytic studies exhibited remarkably higher CO<sub>2</sub> reduction activity of Oz-NGQDs compared to NGQDs, leading 70.29 µmol/gh CO production rate. The enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and improvement charge separation efficiency on Oz-NGQDs was related to increased surface area, oxygen vacancies, and functional groups introduced by ozonation. Practical applicability was illustrated by the photocatalytic decarbonization of caffeine, reflecting the potential of Oz-NGQDs in environmental remediation and worthwhile chemistry applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1037-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study on gender detection using multiple classifiers on voice data","authors":"Gülnur Yildizdan , Emine Baş","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers have frequently used metaheuristic algorithms for various problems due to their success. In data mining studies, feature selection (FS) is an essential preprocessing step for large-scale problems. Researchers have recently implemented FS using metaheuristic algorithms. In this study, the FS problem was solved using five different continuous metaheuristic algorithms (Osprey Optimization Algorithm, Spider Wasps Optimizer, Walrus Optimizer, Kepler Optimization Algorithm, and Crested Porcupine Optimizer) proposed in recent years. For the FS problem, the search spaces of continuous metaheuristic algorithms need to be converted to binary values. For this process, sixteen different types of transfer functions (S-shaped, V-shaped, Taper-shaped, and U-shaped) were analyzed. Comparison metrics such as fitness, accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, number of selected features, and running time were used. The classification process was performed on the voice dataset consisting of 3168 samples and 22 features of male and female voices. K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Multi-Layer Perceptron were selected as classifiers. According to the mean fitness and accuracy results, the most successful classifier was determined to be K-Nearest Neighbor, and the most successful metaheuristic algorithm was determined to be the Kepler Optimization Algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 1061-1108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xian Guang Sun , Wei Chao Chi , Jian Li , Yan Qing Wang
{"title":"Three-dimensional vibration suppression of flexible beams under multi-directional excitations via piezoelectric actuators: Theoretical and experimental investigations","authors":"Xian Guang Sun , Wei Chao Chi , Jian Li , Yan Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a control strategy that uses piezoelectric actuators to suppress three-dimensional (3D) vibrations in flexible beams. Three control strategies for suppressing 3D vibrations of a beam under <em>y</em> direction excitation and combined <em>y</em> and <em>z</em> direction excitations are studied theoretically and experimentally. The influences of actuator arrangement on 3D vibration suppression performance are analyzed. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy under combined <em>y</em> and <em>z</em> direction excitations with random disturbances is also investigated. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with the traditional PID algorithm. Results indicate that single-direction transverse excitation induces vibrations in multiple directions of the beam. While a single piezoelectric actuator can effectively suppress vibrations along the excitation direction, its influence on adjacent directions is limited and may even exacerbate the vibration. In contrast, employing two independently controlled piezoelectric actuators positioned at adjacent beam roots significantly enhances 3D vibration suppression under various excitations compared to a single actuator. Furthermore, an equidistant arrangement of actuators at the beam root achieves superior vibration suppression performance and requires lower voltage than a non-equidistant configuration. Additionally, the proposed control strategy exhibits strong disturbance rejection and outperforms the traditional PID algorithm in 3D vibration suppression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 1039-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dual-engine fusion optical character recognition method for fast identification and key information extraction of drug labels","authors":"Siyu Wu, Feng Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.05.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aej.2025.05.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of smart healthcare and information-driven drug supervision, the automatic recognition and extraction of drug label information presents a significant challenge. Traditional Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods often struggle with complex backgrounds, diverse fonts, and mixed languages. This paper proposes a dual-engine fusion OCR method combining EasyOCR and CnOCR to enhance recognition accuracy. The method integrates IoT-based data collection for real-time drug information monitoring, utilizing multi-threaded parallel recognition for efficiency and an image preprocessing pipeline (including tilt correction, deblurring, and contrast enhancement). Additionally, a field area positioning and template matching mechanism ensures the precise extraction of key information such as drug name, ingredients, specifications, and expiration date. The approach achieves over 92% accuracy across various real-world scenarios, demonstrating improved robustness and promising potential for digital drug management, as well as IoT-based drug traceability and supervision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7484,"journal":{"name":"alexandria engineering journal","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 1027-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}