SOJ microbiology & infectious diseases最新文献

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The Vibrio cholerae ToxR Regulon Encodes Host-Specific Chemotaxis Proteins that Function in Intestinal Colonization. 霍乱弧菌ToxR调控子编码在肠道定植中起作用的宿主特异性趋化蛋白。

SOJ microbiology & infectious diseases Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-12-03 DOI: 10.15226/sojmid/3/3/00141

Pradeep Selvaraj, Rohit Gupta, Kenneth M Peterson

{"title":"The Vibrio cholerae ToxR Regulon Encodes Host-Specific Chemotaxis Proteins that Function in Intestinal Colonization.","authors":"Pradeep Selvaraj, Rohit Gupta, Kenneth M Peterson","doi":"10.15226/sojmid/3/3/00141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/sojmid/3/3/00141","url":null,"abstract":"Virulence gene regulation in Vibrio cholerae is under the control of the ToxR-ToxT regulatory cascade. Chemotaxis and net motility have been shown to influence the infectivity of Vibrio cholerae. V. cholerae toxR mutants do not synthesize proteins required for chemotaxis towards mucus. The inability of the toxR mutant strain to recognize and swim towards mucus is due to their failure to synthesize AcfB, a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein. AcfB has previously been shown to be involved in intestinal colonization using the infant mouse model of cholera infection. Wild type V. cholerae recognizes galactose-6-sulfate in the capillary tube assay whereas V. cholerae acfB mutants fail to migrate into the capillary tubes. Vibrio strains carrying a mutation in tcpI, a ToxR regulated gene found within the Vibrio Pathogenicity Island (VPI), which encodes a methyl accepting chemotaxis protein are fully chemotactic towards mucus and galactose-6-sulfate.","PeriodicalId":74841,"journal":{"name":"SOJ microbiology & infectious diseases","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4872866/pdf/nihms775589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34416671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Diet Modification in Patients with Crohn's Disease. 分析克罗恩病患者的肠道微生物组和饮食调整。

SOJ microbiology & infectious diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.15226/sojmid/2/3/00122

Sumathi Sankaran Walters, Antonio Quiros, Matthew Rolston, Irina Grishina, Jay Li, Anne Fenton, Todd Z DeSantis, Anne Thai, Gary L Andersen, Peggy Papathakis, Raquel Nieves, Thomas Prindiville, Satya Dandekar

{"title":"Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Diet Modification in Patients with Crohn's Disease.","authors":"Sumathi Sankaran Walters, Antonio Quiros, Matthew Rolston, Irina Grishina, Jay Li, Anne Fenton, Todd Z DeSantis, Anne Thai, Gary L Andersen, Peggy Papathakis, Raquel Nieves, Thomas Prindiville, Satya Dandekar","doi":"10.15226/sojmid/2/3/00122","DOIUrl":"10.15226/sojmid/2/3/00122","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The human intestine harbors trillions of commensal microbes that live in homeostasis with the host immune system. Changes in the composition and complexity of gut microbial communities are seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), indicating disruption in host-microbe interactions. Multiple factors including diet and inflammatory conditions alter the microbial complexity. The goal of this study was to develop an optimized methodology for fecal sample processing and to detect changes in the gut microbiota of patients with Crohn's disease receiving specialized diets.Design: Fecal samples were obtained from patients with Crohn's disease in a pilot diet crossover trial comparing the effects of a specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) versus a low residue diet (LRD) on the composition and complexity of the gut microbiota and resolution of IBD symptoms. The gut microbiota composition was assessed using a high-density DNA microarray PhyloChip.Results: DNA extraction from fecal samples using a column based method provided consistent results. The complexity of the gut microbiome was lower in IBD patients compared to healthy controls. An increased abundance of Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) was observed in fecal samples from IBD positive patients. The temporal response of gut microbiome to the SCD resulted in an increased microbial diversity while the LRD diet was associated with reduced diversity of the microbial communities.Conclusion: Changes in the composition and complexity of the gut microbiome were identified in response to specialized carbohydrate diet. The SCD was associated with restructuring of the gut microbial communities.","PeriodicalId":74841,"journal":{"name":"SOJ microbiology & infectious diseases","volume":"2 3","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5944867/pdf/nihms675493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36094813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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