Advances in Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Approaches for COVID-19: A Review of Antiviral Treatments, Immunotherapies, and Emerging Interventions.","authors":"Maria C S Alves, Ruana C C da Silva, Sérgio S P de Leitão-Júnior, Valdir Q de Balbino","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03218-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-025-03218-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global health crisis, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has presented unprecedented challenges to global healthcare systems, leading to rapid advances in treatment development. This review comprehensively examines the current therapeutic approaches for managing COVID-19, including direct-acting antivirals, immunomodulators, anticoagulants, and adjuvant therapies, as well as emerging and experimental approaches. Direct-acting antivirals target various stages of the viral life cycle, offering specific intervention points, while immunomodulators aim to modulate the host's immune response, reducing disease severity. Anticoagulant therapies address the coagulopathy frequently observed in severe cases, and adjuvant treatments provide supportive care to improve overall outcomes. We also explore the challenges and limitations of implementing these treatments, such as drug resistance, variable patient responses, and access to therapies, especially in resource-limited settings. The review also discusses future perspectives, including the potential of next-generation vaccines, personalized medicine, and global collaboration in shaping future COVID-19 treatment paradigms. Continuous innovation, combined with an integrated and adaptable approach, will be crucial to effectively managing COVID-19 and mitigating the impact of future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Psychological Conditions: A Literature Review with Emphasis on the Evidence in Military Personnel from China.","authors":"Jun Liu, Lu Liu, Jianchang Yang, Xinyuan Zhao, Wanshu Cheng, Deli Zou, Xingshun Qi","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03190-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-025-03190-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in military personnel due to their special living and working environment. Notably, there is a close association between gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological conditions. Thus, it seems that psychological interventions are not only beneficial for alleviating mental stress and improving psychological health, but could also be potentially effective for preventing gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in military personnel, which could contribute to battle effectiveness. This paper aims to briefly review the prevalence and risk factors of gastrointestinal syndromes, and summarize the association of gastrointestinal syndromes with psychological conditions and possible effect of psychological interventions on the improvement of gastrointestinal syndromes, with emphasis on the evidence in military personnel from China.</p>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromodulation in Chronic Migraine: Evidence and Recommendations from the GRADE Framework.","authors":"Claudio Tana, David Garcia-Azorin, Bianca Raffaelli, Mira Pauline Fitzek, Marta Waliszewska-Prosół, Sonia Quintas, Paolo Martelletti","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03206-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-025-03206-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic migraine (CM) affects approximately 2% of the general population and is defined by the persistence of migraine symptoms for at least 15 days per month for at least 3 months. CM is often refractory to common drug treatments and is associated with a significant burden in functions of daily life during ictal phases, productivity loss, and direct costs. Modulation of pain is considered pivotal to reduce its impact and to improve the quality of life among patients with CM. In recent years, neuromodulation in CM has received growing attention; however, there remains no consensus regarding the effectiveness and safety of these procedures. Previous invasive methods such as occipital nerve neurolysis and interruption of the trigeminal dorsal root are not indicated due to high rates of relapsing pain and frequent procedural complications. Although emerging neuromodulation methods, both noninvasive, such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), remote electrical neuromodulation (REM), and invasive, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), occipital nerve stimulation (ONS), and high-frequency 10-Hz spinal cord stimulation (HF-10 SNS) have demonstrated promising outcomes in early clinical trials, their use has yet to be integrated into routine clinical practice. In this review, study evidence and strength of recommendations are assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Other conditions such as therapeutic risk/benefit, direct and indirect costs, use of resources, and patient/clinician preferences are also evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupilumab Efficacy in Children with Atopic Dermatitis with Different Phenotypes and Endotypes: A Case Series.","authors":"Ana B Rossi, Adriana M Mello, Joseph Zahn","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03150-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-025-03150-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent disease in infants and young children worldwide. Dupilumab has been shown to rapidly and significantly improve AD signs, symptoms, and quality of life in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In LIBERTY AD PRESCHOOL, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial, patients aged 6 months to 5 years with moderate-to-severe AD received subcutaneous dupilumab or matched placebo every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. All patients received concomitant low-potency topical corticosteroids. Here, we present 12 photographic cases of patients with different phenotypes and endotypes in the dupilumab group, representative of the study population, before and after treatment. Each case is presented with clinical outcome measures of AD severity and quality of life, as well as relevant biomarkers, with percent improvement from baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with dupilumab led to visible improvements in signs of lichenification, erythema, excoriations, skin dryness, and oozing/crusting. Clinically meaningful improvements in the measured outcomes were observed in most of the patients, including AD extent and severity, clinical lesions, itch, sleep loss, frequency of symptoms, and quality of life. These improvements were associated with substantial reductions in AD-related biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment with dupilumab improved signs, symptoms, and quality of life, and reduced AD-related serum biomarkers in young children with moderate-to-severe AD with different phenotypes and endotypes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with ID number NCT03346434 on November 17, 2017. Video abstract available for this article. Video abstract (MP4 1,02,609 KB).</p>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Efficacy of Guselkumab Versus Advanced Therapies for the Treatment of Moderately to Severely Active Crohn’s Disease: A Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Tim Disher,&nbsp;Dominik Naessens,&nbsp;Myrlene Sanon,&nbsp;Ashley Bonner,&nbsp;Jenna Ellis,&nbsp;Meaghan Bartlett,&nbsp;Becky Hooper,&nbsp;Zijiang Yang,&nbsp;Jessica R. Allegretti,&nbsp;Axel Dignass","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03183-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03183-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study used network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the comparative efficacy of available advanced therapies for moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease (CD) versus the IL-23 inhibitor guselkumab.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic literature review was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of advanced therapies in moderately to severely active CD. Bayesian NMAs were conducted for outcomes of clinical response, clinical remission, endoscopic response, and a combined outcome of clinical remission with endoscopic response, at the end of the maintenance phase (up to 1 year). Primary analyses included patients with varied prior inadequate treatment responses, with additional analyses conducted for specific subgroups. Re-randomized trials were normalized in several cases to mimic a standard treat-through design, incorporating data from additional sources, when necessary, for patients who had an inadequate response or experienced a delayed response following induction.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 58 RCTs identified, 13 with maintenance endpoint data were ultimately included in the NMAs. Guselkumab 100 mg and 200 mg were more likely to be effective versus several comparators. Guselkumab 200 mg demonstrated significantly greater efficacy versus infliximab 10 mg/kg every 8 weeks and upadacitinib 30 mg daily for clinical response and clinical remission. For endoscopic response, guselkumab 200 mg showed significantly greater efficacy than ustekinumab, adalimumab, and upadacitinib. Significance was also noted versus ustekinumab on the combined outcome of clinical remission with endoscopic response. Similarly, guselkumab 100 mg demonstrated efficacy versus comparators across analyses. Guselkumab achieved higher rankings based on surface under the cumulative ranking curve. Findings of primary analyses within mixed populations were generally corroborated by subpopulation analyses.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results of this NMA in moderately to severely active CD indicate a higher likelihood of guselkumab achieving each clinical and endoscopic endpoint analyzed at the end of the maintenance phase versus other advanced therapies assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2708 - 2727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03183-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect Comparisons of Efficacy of Zanubrutinib Versus Orelabrutinib in Patients with R/R MCL: An Extended Follow-up Analysis","authors":"Lijuan Deng,&nbsp;Yuqin Song,&nbsp;Keshu Zhou,&nbsp;Dengju Li,&nbsp;Jianda Hu,&nbsp;Dehui Zou,&nbsp;Sujun Gao,&nbsp;Haiyan Yang,&nbsp;Huilai Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Ji,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Ru Feng,&nbsp;Jie Jin,&nbsp;Fangfang Lv,&nbsp;Cheng Fang,&nbsp;Sheng Xu,&nbsp;Jun Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03202-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03202-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Our previous study has suggested a favorable progression-free survival (PFS) with zanubrutinib over orelabrutinib in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (R/R MCL). Here, we conducted an updated analysis to indirectly compare the long-term efficacy between zanubrutinib and orelabrutinib in patients with R/R MCL.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Individual patient data from the zanubrutinib study were adjusted to match the patient population profile of the orelabrutinib study. An unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was performed to adjust for effect modifiers and prognostic variables. The efficacy outcomes included investigator-assessed PFS, overall survival (OS), and overall response rate (ORR). Response evaluations were only computed tomography (CT)-based assessments in the orelabrutinib study, while positron emission tomography (PET)- and CT-based assessment were both performed in the zanubrutinib study. The comparison of PFS assessed by CT between zanubrutinib and orelabrutinib was the primary result.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After matching, the baseline characteristics were balanced between zanubrutinib and orelabrutinib, with an effective sample size of 70 in the zanubrutinib study. PFS assessed by CT was significantly longer in the zanubrutinib study vs. the orelabrutinib study (median PFS, not reached vs. 22.0 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34–0.86; <i>P</i> = 0.009). With longer follow-up, OS continued to trend favorably for zanubrutinib, with OS rate at 24 months numerically higher (83.7% vs. 74.3%); no statistical difference was observed (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.36–1.27; <i>P</i> = 0.223). ORR was numerically higher in the zanubrutinib study (85.5% vs. 82.1%; odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI 0.56–2.94; <i>P</i> = 0.556).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>MAIC results demonstrated that zanubrutinib had significantly longer PFS compared with orelabrutinib in the treatment of patients with R/R MCL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2937 - 2949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03202-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Clinical Management and Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in China via Real-world Evidence (IMPROVE Study): A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Nan Jiang,&nbsp;Dongzhou Liu,&nbsp;Xinwang Duan,&nbsp;Lijun Wu,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Hao Zhu,&nbsp;Yanjie Zhang,&nbsp;Mengtao Li,&nbsp;Xinping Tian,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03179-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03179-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) help to understand rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from patients’ perspective and play an important role in RA management. This study aims to describe the PRO changes over 6 months among patients with RA in China and explore the relationships between PROs and RA disease activity.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled patients with RA aged ≥ 18 years. At enrollment, patients were dichotomized into remission/low disease activity (LDA) and moderate-to-high disease activity (MDA/HDA) based on Disease Activity Score-28 with C-Reactive Protein (DAS28-CRP). Only patients with MDA/HDA (DAS28-CRP ≥ 3.2) were followed for 6 months. PROs included pain, fatigue, morning stiffness, Patients’ Global Assessment (PtGA), disability, work productivity, and activity impairment. Disease activity measures included DAS28-CRP, DAS28-Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (DAS28-ESR), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 872 patients were enrolled: 520 patients in remission/LDA and 352 in MDA/HDA. In MDA/HDA patients, pain decreased significantly from enrollment at month 1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), month 3 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and month 6 (<i>p</i> = 0.0094). Fatigue improved significantly at month 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.0073). Other PROs, including morning stiffness, PtGA, disability, work productivity, and activity impairment, also improved. Patients who achieved remission/LDA had significant faster decline in pain, fatigue, PtGA, and work productivity compared to those who did not. Pain was positively correlated with disease activity measures at months 1, 3, and 6, while fatigue was positively associated with disease activity measures at months 3 and 6 only. Morning stiffness, PtGA, and disability correlated with disease activity at months 1 and 3.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients with RA with MDA/HDA in China experienced significant improvement in pain and fatigue over 6 months. Improvement in DAS28-CRP was associated with faster improvement in certain PROs. While disease activity correlated with some PROs, they did not fully capture patient experience, highlighting the importance of PROs in RA management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2906 - 2921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03179-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of SGLT2 Inhibitors for Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Disease Based on Data from Japanese Studies","authors":"Ataru Igarashi,&nbsp;Hisateru Tachimori,&nbsp;Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai,&nbsp;Yasumasa Segawa,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Takagi,&nbsp;Hiroki Akiyama,&nbsp;Naohiko Imai,&nbsp;Shun Kohsaka,&nbsp;Hiroaki Miyata","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03157-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03157-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases, collectively known as cardio-renal-metabolic (CRM) disease, interact and exacerbate each other, creating serious clinical and economic burdens. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are important therapeutic agents in managing CRM disease. Despite proven clinical benefits, the economic benefits of SGLT2i in the management of CRM diseases remain unclear.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We developed Markov models representing the natural progression of disease for two populations: a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (non-DM CKD) population. These models incorporated key complications, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, CKD (for the T2DM population), and end-stage renal disease. A systematic literature search was conducted to determine input parameters. For each model, we estimated the 10-year medical costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALY), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for SGLT2i treatment compared with conventional treatment. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) and scenario analyses with conservative assumptions were performed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In the base-case analysis, SGLT2i treatment was estimated to increase QALY by 0.177 (7.090 vs 6.913 QALY; T2DM population) and 0.457 (6.980 vs 6.523 QALY; non-DM CKD population), and increase total medical costs by Japanese yen (JPY) 99,060 (JPY 762,524 vs 663,463; T2DM population) and JPY 229,810 (JPY 3,378,873 vs 3,149,063; non-DM CKD population), compared with conventional treatment. The ICER was JPY 559,175/QALY in the T2DM population and JPY 503,123/QALY in the non-DM CKD population. The PSA revealed that the probability of ICER being below the threshold value of JPY 5,000,000/QALY was 100% in the T2DM population and 98.7% in the non-DM CKD population, and the ICERs were below this threshold in all scenario analyses.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>SGLT2i treatment was demonstrated to be cost-effective in both the T2DM population and the non-DM CKD population, suggesting the potential of SGLT2i to offer significant clinical and economic benefits in the comprehensive management of CRM diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2888 - 2905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03157-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impacts of Caregiving for Patients with X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa (XLRP): Findings from the EXPLORE XLRP-2 Study","authors":"Michel Weber,&nbsp;Francesco Parmeggiani,&nbsp;Dominique Bremond-Gignac,&nbsp;Avril Daly,&nbsp;Marjolein Lahaye,&nbsp;Andrew Lotery,&nbsp;Nabin Paudel,&nbsp;Markus Ritter,&nbsp;Enrique Rodríguez de la Rúa,&nbsp;Ygal Rotenstreich,&nbsp;Eeva-Marja Sankila,&nbsp;Katarina Stingl,&nbsp;Jacqueline Van Denderen,&nbsp;Tom Denee,&nbsp;Katalin Pungor","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03196-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03196-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Informal caregivers play an important part in the healthcare of patients with chronic diseases, including those leading to visual impairment. X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) is considered one of the most severe forms of retinitis pigmentosa and causes declines in vision starting in childhood, ultimately progressing to legal blindness in adulthood. Caregivers are expected to play an increasing role in patient care, but real-world impacts of XLRP on caregivers are poorly evaluated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>EXPLORE XLRP-2 was an exploratory, multicentre, non-interventional study. Cross-sectional surveys were used to gather experiences directly from caregivers across Europe and Israel by both validated and newly developed caregiver-reported outcome surveys.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Seventy caregivers of patients with XLRP associated with retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (<i>RPGR</i>) mutations were enrolled, of whom 68 were included in analyses; 87.7% of caregivers were female and mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 49.4 (11.7) years. They were most commonly either spouses (50.8%) or parents (41.5%) of patients. Caregivers spent a mean (SD) 28.7 (34.5) hours per week caring for patients. Of the 72.3% of caregivers who were employed, 34.8% worked part time; of the 27.7% of caregivers who were unemployed, 33.3% cited caregiving responsibilities as a cause for unemployment; 23.1% and 46.2% of caregivers reported any level of depression and anxiety, respectively, with few additional impacts captured by the surveys.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Some caregivers reported employment and mental health impacts in this study. However, despite many hours spent per week caring for patients with XLRP, the surveys did not reflect the expected burden experienced by caregivers, highlighting the need for further research in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2922 - 2936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03196-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Limitations of Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Oncology","authors":"Karthik N. Rao,&nbsp;Veronica Fernandez-Alvarez,&nbsp;Orlando Guntinas-Lichius,&nbsp;M. P. Sreeram,&nbsp;Remco de Bree,&nbsp;Luiz P. Kowalski,&nbsp;Arlene Forastiere,&nbsp;Pia Pace-Asciak,&nbsp;Juan P. Rodrigo,&nbsp;Nabil F. Saba,&nbsp;Ohad Ronen,&nbsp;Ewa Florek,&nbsp;Gregory W. Randolph,&nbsp;Alvaro Sanabria,&nbsp;Jan B. Vermorken,&nbsp;Ehab Y. Hanna,&nbsp;Alfio Ferlito","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03198-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12325-025-03198-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing head and neck oncology, offering innovations in tumor detection, treatment planning, and patient management. However, its integration into clinical practice is hindered by several limitations. These include clinician mistrust due to a lack of understanding of AI mechanisms, biases in algorithm development, and the potential over-reliance on technology, which may undermine clinical expertise. Data-related challenges, such as inconsistent quality and limited representativeness of datasets, further complicate AI’s application. Ethical, legal, and privacy concerns also pose significant barriers. Addressing these issues through transparent AI systems, clinician education, and clear regulations is essential for ensuring responsible, equitable use in head and neck oncology. This manuscript explores the limitations of AI in head and neck oncology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":"42 6","pages":"2559 - 2568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12325-025-03198-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}