Social sciences & humanities open最新文献_第10页

Designing an efficient set-aside policy for advancing human rights goals through public procurement 设计有效的预留政策，通过公共采购推进人权目标

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101217

Astha Srivastava

{"title":"Designing an efficient set-aside policy for advancing human rights goals through public procurement","authors":"Astha Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Set-aside policy is one of the mechanisms in public procurement adopted for implementing social goals of the State. Set-asides refer to the arrangement of keeping a fraction of the procurement volume, also termed the quantum of set-aside, reserved for vendors of a targeted group. The targeted group can either be a traditionally disadvantaged group that merits government support or, alternatively, a group that complies with certain desirable practices in its operations.</div><div>Government has at its disposal many design choices like the fraction of procurement quantity to be reserved for the targeted group etc, that it can adjust to maximise the desired social benefits that accrue. However, there is little insight into how these choices are made, and to what extent, they can impact the ultimate outcome. This paper seeks to address this gap by developing an economic model for set-aside policy and carrying out a game theoretic analysis to identify the economic incentives to vendors arising out of set aside benefits that can drive a change in their operations.</div><div>The insights from this economic model are then used to understand how government policy choices can impact these incentives and thereby the level of change that the policy can bring about. The paper focusses on the specific case where set-asides are proposed to be used for promoting human rights goals. This allows the researcher to suggest some practical measures that States can adopt for ensuring universal compliance of desired human rights standards by vendors using set-aside policy. This analysis also enables the researcher to quantify the connection between the State's “leverage” and its concomitant responsibility for promoting human rights in its business connections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaping future preschool teachers in Ethiopia: A qualitative evaluation of pedagogical competence development mechanisms 培养埃塞俄比亚未来的学前教师：教学能力培养机制的定性评估

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101218

Adane Hailu Herut , Motladi Angeline Setlhako

{"title":"Shaping future preschool teachers in Ethiopia: A qualitative evaluation of pedagogical competence development mechanisms","authors":"Adane Hailu Herut , Motladi Angeline Setlhako","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preschool teacher training programs in Ethiopia are designed to enhance the teaching skills of future teachers. Grounded in this context, this study aimed at evaluating how a pre-service teacher education program develops these essential pedagogical competences through coursework and hands-on training. Using phenomenological design, the research focuses on preschool teacher candidates, instructors, department heads, and education officials from six selected teacher education colleges across Ethiopia, involving a total of 18 participants chosen for convenience. To gather qualitative data, the study employed semi-structured interviews and direct observations of lesson facilitation. The findings indicate a strong and effective preschool teacher education program that develops the pedagogical competencies of preschool teachers. However, it was highlighted that there are significant challenges such as limited practical exposure, resource constraints, and language barriers. Key findings emphasize the need for improved support mechanisms, highlighting the importance of practical training components in the improved curriculum, optimum practical exposures, enriching extracurricular activities, rigorous assessment methods, and the provision of constructive feedback.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of key stakeholders in building effective professional learning communities (PLCs) in Vietnamese primary schools 主要利益相关者在越南小学建立有效的专业学习社区（PLC）中的作用

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101212

Thang Dinh Truong , Hong-Van Thi Dinh , Xuan Van Ha , Hung Thanh Nguyen , Long Minh Dau , Nam Giang Tran

{"title":"The role of key stakeholders in building effective professional learning communities (PLCs) in Vietnamese primary schools","authors":"Thang Dinh Truong , Hong-Van Thi Dinh , Xuan Van Ha , Hung Thanh Nguyen , Long Minh Dau , Nam Giang Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Teacher professional learning communities (PLC) have been reported as an important platform for improving the quality of teaching and learning; however, building and sustaining an effective PLC is challenging. This study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing a multi-site approach to examine the role of key stakeholders in developing an effective teacher PLC at Vietnamese primary schools, where research on how PLCs are implemented, developed and sustained remains limited. The data were collected using individual in-depth interviews with 45 participants, including school principals, academic group leaders, and teachers, selected from nine schools located in three different provinces. The findings showed that principals acted as visionaries who initiated and drove the implementation of effective PLCs. Their strategic planning was crucial in setting long-term goals that guided the entire school's efforts. Academic group leaders played a pivotal role in organizing and sustaining PLC activities, acting as intermediaries between teachers and school administration staff. Teachers were central to the effectiveness of PLCs, with their proactive engagement and continuous learning being critical for success. All participants believed teachers need to change their ways of interacting with and giving feedback to each other to promote reflective dialogue, de-privatisation of practice and collaborative activities. The study also discussed practical implications for developing and sustaining effective PLCs in the Vietnamese school context, and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Youth Financial Literacy Short Scale: Proposition and validation of a measure 青少年金融知识简易量表：一种测量方法的提出与验证

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101214

Ani Caroline Potrich , Kelmara Mendes Vieira , Ana Luiza Paraboni

{"title":"Youth Financial Literacy Short Scale: Proposition and validation of a measure","authors":"Ani Caroline Potrich , Kelmara Mendes Vieira , Ana Luiza Paraboni","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a short instrument for measuring financial literacy among young adults: Youth Financial Literacy Short Scale (YFLSS). An instrument with questions on financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial behavior was applied with 1126 young Brazilians, whose dimensions and items were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, structural equation modeling and hierarchical cluster analysis. The scale proposed allows for developing an indicator that defines whether an individual has a high or low level of financial literacy. Financial behavior is what most impacts young people, representing 53.6% of financial literacy, followed by financial attitude. Financial knowledge represents only 11.1%. These results show what will make a difference in order to have a financially literate society is the effort to put these lessons into practice and change the behavior of young people. Regarding the limitations, the scale was developed in the context of application on paper and self-administered, changes in these parameters may require adaptations of language and format. Despite construction efforts, the Youth Financial Literacy Short Scale still needs cross-cultural validation. Finally, the YFLSS is a breakthrough in literature because it was built specifically for young audiences and it is a short instrument with only 12 questions to measure the three dimensions of financial literacy: financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empowering Saudi women in STEM: Assessing readiness and aspirations at prince Mohammed bin Fahd university (PMU) 增强沙特妇女在科学、技术、工程和数学领域的能力：评估穆罕默德-本-法赫德王子大学（PMU）的准备情况和愿望

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101199

Russina A. Eltoum, Hanadi M. Abdelsalam

引用次数: 0

Does peers' credit behavior affect smallholder farmers’ credit and savings decisions? Evidence from the northern region of Ghana 同行的信贷行为会影响小农的信贷和储蓄决策吗？来自加纳北部地区的证据

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101215

Abdul-Rashid Asumah Seidu, Yazeed Abdul Mumin, Abdul-Basit Tampuli Abukari

{"title":"Does peers' credit behavior affect smallholder farmers’ credit and savings decisions? Evidence from the northern region of Ghana","authors":"Abdul-Rashid Asumah Seidu, Yazeed Abdul Mumin, Abdul-Basit Tampuli Abukari","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Access to credit remains a major challenge in developing countries, leading to increased poverty levels and low savings. Despite the importance of social networks and social support systems, the literature has not considered the link between peer credit on one hand and own credit and savings on the other. This paper examines the effect of peer credit on farmers (own) credit and savings using cross-sectional data from 400 farm households in northern Ghana. The study employed a spatial Durbin model (SDM) and the control function approach to identify the network effects. The results show that an increase in the share of farmers’ peers with credit, increases own credit access but leads to a decline in savings. This implies the presence of endogenous effects on credit, but no evidence of contextual effects was found. The results further show some heterogeneities in the effect of peer credit but with diminishing marginal returns to own credit. The study recommends that to promote credit access, financial institutions must focus on farmers with high-network credit. They should also ensure the sustainability of credit among farmers to improve savings. The study underscores the importance of cohesive networks in promoting credit access among farmers, therefore key stakeholders such as the government, religious and traditional authorities as well as political and civil society organizations must collaborate in their efforts to promote social cohesion by minimizing civil disputes and conflicts. This will ensure that farm households in developing communities continue to benefit from social network support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scientific mapping and trend of conceptual change: A bibliometric analysis 科学绘图和概念变化趋势：文献计量分析

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101208

Mohd Zaidi Bin Amiruddin , Achmad Samsudin , Andi Suhandi , Bayram Coştu , Binar Kurnia Prahani

{"title":"Scientific mapping and trend of conceptual change: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Mohd Zaidi Bin Amiruddin , Achmad Samsudin , Andi Suhandi , Bayram Coştu , Binar Kurnia Prahani","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the trends, contributions, and impact of research in conceptual change from 2004 to 2024 through a bibliometric analysis of Scopus data. The Bibliometrix R package, Vosviewer, and Microsoft Excel were used to analyze and visualize the data. The analysis revealed a consistent growth in research output, with the United States and Turkey as the leading contributors and the University of Kentucky as the leading institution. Lead authors include Stella Vosniadou, Andrea A. diSessa, and Kathy Cabe Trundle, who have had significant publications in high-impact journals. The study noted a peak in publications in 2015, potentially driven by technological advancements, with more recent trends influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The results emphasize the importance of international collaboration and continued adaptation to emerging trends. This insight emphasizes the importance of paying attention to cognitive conflict, misconceptions, and technology-based learning media to build scientific conceptual change and improve the quality of education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What can wage development before and after a G93.3 diagnosis tell us about prognoses for myalgic encephalomyelitis? G93.3 诊断前后的工资发展对肌痛性脑脊髓炎的预后有何启示？

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101206

Anne Kielland, Jing Liu

{"title":"What can wage development before and after a G93.3 diagnosis tell us about prognoses for myalgic encephalomyelitis?","authors":"Anne Kielland, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prognoses for persons affected by myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) are rarely studied systematically. Existing studies are often based on smaller samples with unclear inclusion and subjective outcome criteria, and few look at wages as indicators of illness trajectories. This article considers how ME affects the wages and dependency on public transfers of people affected over time, especially in the period when the welfare authorities investigate eligibility for disability pension. We matched Norwegian population register data on 8485 working-age individuals diagnosed with G93.3 (postviral fatigue syndrome) from 2009 to 2018 with wage and transfer data and compared male and female cases to control groups. The G93.3 population's wages fell sharply from around 3 years before diagnosis to 1 year after and stabilized at a low level. Public transfers started increasing several years before diagnosis and stabilized at a high level after. Few of those making no or very low income around the time of the diagnosis resumed earning moderate wages, and only exceptional cases returned to wages corresponding to median wages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are students ready for digital business? Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among Indonesian students using a serial mediation 学生们准备好开展数字化业务了吗？利用序列中介分析印尼学生创业意向的前因

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101213

Cipto Wardoyo , Bagus Shandy Narmaditya , Vika Annisa Qurrata , Yogi Dwi Satrio , Sheerad Sahid

{"title":"Are students ready for digital business? Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among Indonesian students using a serial mediation","authors":"Cipto Wardoyo , Bagus Shandy Narmaditya , Vika Annisa Qurrata , Yogi Dwi Satrio , Sheerad Sahid","doi":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although digital entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly important, the field is still in its early research stages. There is much that needs to be explored regarding the factors that motivate individuals to pursue this domain. This research provides a deeper grasp of the factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions and digital business creation including attitudes towards digital entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, digital entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial incubation. This study used a quantitative research design with a survey conducted on university students in Indonesia. A total of 331 participants were employed in this study, and data were processed utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM). The findings confirm that entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial attitudes can be predictors of entrepreneurial intention among university students in Indonesia. Furthermore, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention were serially mediated in linking digital entrepreneurship education and digital business creation. Indeed, entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention also play the same role in serially mediating these variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74826,"journal":{"name":"Social sciences & humanities open","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causes of health disadvantages and consequences of stigmatization in the Roma community in Slovakia 斯洛伐克罗姆人社区健康状况不利的原因和耻辱化的后果

Social sciences & humanities open Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101200

Sandra Ort-Mertlová, Danijela Jerotijević

引用次数: 0