Angela D Moreland, Rochelle Hanson, Stephanie E Kirk, Hayley Berry, Virginia Fonner, Jamila Williams, Eric G Meissner
{"title":"Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives of Participants Who Received Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine at Home or in Clinic.","authors":"Angela D Moreland, Rochelle Hanson, Stephanie E Kirk, Hayley Berry, Virginia Fonner, Jamila Williams, Eric G Meissner","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2025.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injectable antiretroviral options for the treatment of HIV-1 infection have demonstrated the potential to reduce pill fatigue, improve medication adherence, increase patient satisfaction, and reduce stigma compared to oral antiretroviral therapy. In a recent non-randomized observational study, we previously examined safety and efficacy outcomes for participants who chose where to receive long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine over a 12-month period. This study demonstrated that at-home administration of long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine by a home health provider was comparably safe, effective, and associated with high satisfaction compared to in-clinic administration. To further understand the experience and impact of this intervention from the perspective of study participants, we analyzed quantitative end-of-intervention surveys and qualitative exit interviews offered to study participants after completion of the intervention. Using a grounded theory approach to analyze exit interviews, we conducted an iterative process of establishing codes, grouping the codes into key concepts, and organizing concepts into broader themes. We identified six broad themes related to the participant experience that involved (1) strengths of injectable therapy, (2) negatives of injectable therapy, (3) treatment setting preference, (4) reasons for preferring injectable therapy at home, (5) reasons for preferring injectable therapy in the clinic, and (6) general impressions related to injectable therapy. This work provides insight into patient perceptions and preferences regarding injectable HIV therapy, perspectives that will be important to consider for efforts designed to enhance accessibility of injectable HIV therapy and optimize the patient experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liam Heerten-Rodriguez, Jason D Coleman, Sofia Jawed-Wessel, Joshua P Havens
{"title":"HIV and Ongoing Methamphetamine Use: A Grounded Theory of Engagement in HIV Care from the BASE Study.","authors":"Liam Heerten-Rodriguez, Jason D Coleman, Sofia Jawed-Wessel, Joshua P Havens","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2025.0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The co-occurrence of HIV and substance use disorders (SUDs) presents significant challenges for engagement in HIV care, with an estimated 48% of people living with HIV (PLWH) also having an SUD. This qualitative substudy of the BASE clinical trial employed constructivist grounded theory methodology to understand factors influencing engagement in HIV care among PLWH with ongoing SUDs. Fifteen participants who completed the BASE study participated in semistructured interviews about their experiences with HIV care engagement. Median age was 40 (range 21-61), 80% male sex, 27% Black, and 27% Hispanic. The analysis resulted in a model centered on three intrapersonal factors: motivation for care, capacity to remember care behaviors, and ability to engage in care. These factors existed within a broader context of stigma, ongoing substance use, and financial insecurity, which created significant barriers to care engagement. However, participants identified interpersonal relationships and clinic interventions as important facilitators that helped them maintain engagement in care. The study provides novel insights by developing a model directly from patient perspectives, conceptualizing engagement as existing on a spectrum, and identifying varied ways participants accessed motivation through relationships. These findings could inform the development of more effective interventions that account for the specific needs of people living with both HIV and SUDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ending AIDS: HIV, ART, and PrEP in the Context of New Global Political Realities.","authors":"Jeffrey Laurence","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0049","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"213-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theo G M Sandfort, Daniel Szydlo, Jessica M Fogel, Yamikani Chimwaza, Charlotte E Rinnooy Kan, Erica L Hamilton, Victor Mudhune, Ravindre Panchia, Doerieyah Reynolds
{"title":"Gaps in HIV Treatment and Care Cascade Among Men and Transfeminine Persons Who Have Sex with Men in Kenya, Malawi, and South Africa: Findings from the HIV Prevention Trials Network 075 Study (2015-2017).","authors":"Theo G M Sandfort, Daniel Szydlo, Jessica M Fogel, Yamikani Chimwaza, Charlotte E Rinnooy Kan, Erica L Hamilton, Victor Mudhune, Ravindre Panchia, Doerieyah Reynolds","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0028","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving HIV outcomes for men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa requires addressing gaps in the HIV treatment cascade. This study examined these gaps among 71 treatment-naive MSM with HIV in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 075, a 1-year prospective biobehavioral cohort study (2015-2017) across four sub-Saharan African sites. Following a positive diagnosis, 86% of participants sought HIV care. Reasons for not having sought care or delays included a lack of perceived health issues and practical challenges. Most participants (80%) who engaged in care were prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although self-reported adherence was high, over one-third of those prescribed ART had no detectable antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) at the study's conclusion. ARV detection was significantly associated with study site, higher income, and experienced homophobia. The highest adherence rates were observed at the site offering direct, integrated treatment, underscoring the potential of \"one-stop shop\" services to mitigate intra-, interpersonal, and structural barriers. Despite a supportive study environment, gaps remain in linking MSM and transfeminine individuals to sustained HIV care and ART adherence. Given the urgency of addressing HIV among these populations, targeted interventions that promote engagement in care and adherence to treatment are critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"224-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinh Tang, Benjamin N Montemayor, Christopher Owens
{"title":"Factors Influencing Oral Pre-, Post-, and Doxycycline Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Rural Southern US.","authors":"Vinh Tang, Benjamin N Montemayor, Christopher Owens","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0051","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance-using men who have sex with men (MSM), especially those in rural areas, face a heightened risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Despite increased risk, uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (Doxy-PEP) remains low among rural MSM. The multi-domain factors influencing past-year use of oral PrEP, PEP, and Doxy-PEP among substance-using MSM in the rural southern US remain unknown. A cross-sectional study of rural substance-using MSM (<i>n</i> = 345) in the Southern US was conducted from February 29 to March 23, 2024. Three series of bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Past-year PrEP use was significantly associated with HIV-negative status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-5.80, <i>p</i> = 0.025), past-year STI diagnosis (aOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.19-4.15, <i>p</i> = 0.012), past-year HIV testing (aOR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.05-10.9, <i>p</i> = 0.040), and past-year STI testing (aOR = 10.09, 95% CI: 2.25-45.37, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Past-year PEP use was significantly associated with past-year STI diagnosis (aOR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.33-10.32, <i>p</i> = 0.012) and oral sex (aOR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01-0.63, <i>p</i> = 0.015). Finally, past-year Doxy-PEP use was significantly associated with past year-STI diagnosis (aOR = 4.44, 95% CI: 2.03-9.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Results underscore the need for integrated care across primary care, pharmacy, and substance use treatment settings to improve screening, education, and prescription of HIV/STI preventative biomedical pharmaceuticals for substance-using MSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"233-244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lentlametse Mantshonyane, Joseph Jarvis, Bogadi Loabile, Marlene B Nkete, Ronald Monnaatlala, Gaone Makwinja Mmolai, Atlasaone Mosomodi, Robert Gross
{"title":"Universal \"Test and Treat\" for HIV Had Little Effect on Outcomes, but Missed Clinic Visits Threaten Success of Botswana's National Antiretroviral Treatment Program.","authors":"Lentlametse Mantshonyane, Joseph Jarvis, Bogadi Loabile, Marlene B Nkete, Ronald Monnaatlala, Gaone Makwinja Mmolai, Atlasaone Mosomodi, Robert Gross","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0042","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2016, Botswana changed the policy to institute universal \"test and treat\" (UTT) in people with human immunodeficiency virus or HIV (PWH). It is unclear whether these policy changes have yielded any clinical benefits or harms. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of PWH aged ≥18 years to compare patient outcomes in individuals who received antiretroviral treatment (ART) under (1) the introduction of UTT and (2) rapid versus delayed ART start, at two clinics in Gaborone, Botswana, between 2014 and 2020. Multivariate logistic regression and propensity score models were used to control for potential confounding and selection bias. Of the 2008 participants who had a complete plasma HIV RNA at 1 year following ART initiation, 59 (2.9%) experienced virologic failure, and 665 (33.1%) were lost to follow-up (LTFU). Higher LTFU was recorded in UTT than in delayed ART period (43% vs 31%, <i>p</i> < 0.001); the same trend was upheld on further examination treating all LTFU as treatment failure (47% vs 37%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In adjusted models, neither the UTT policy: odds ratio (OR) 1.91 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 3.56] nor rapid ART start: OR 1.31 (95% CI: 0.75, 2.34) was associated with viral failure. UTT was not associated with LTFU: OR 1.04, 95% CI (0.75, 1.45). Missed clinic visits were associated with viral failure regardless of policy period: OR 1.17 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.31) or rapid start: OR 1.20 (95% CI: 1.07,1.35). Neither UTT policy nor rapid ART start was associated with any one of the composite unfavorable outcomes. However, missing clinic visits was an independent risk factor for unfavorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"215-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa M Ertl, Christina Woodhouse, David Meche, David W Forrest, Joshua Fegley, Margaret Paschen-Wolff, Tanja C Laschober, Mary A Hatch, C Mindy Nelson, Lynette Wright, Susan Tross
{"title":"Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Barriers and Facilitators of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Willingness and Length of Use in Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Use Substances in Eight Southern US Cities.","authors":"Melissa M Ertl, Christina Woodhouse, David Meche, David W Forrest, Joshua Fegley, Margaret Paschen-Wolff, Tanja C Laschober, Mary A Hatch, C Mindy Nelson, Lynette Wright, Susan Tross","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0036","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Men who have sex with men who use substances (SU-MSM) can benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, especially in Southern US cities where HIV incidence is high; however, uptake remains low. Identifying barriers and facilitators is crucial for developing and implementing strategies to enhance uptake. Few studies of PrEP barriers and facilitators have focused on Southern SU-MSM, and most existing studies have not robustly measured such barriers and facilitators. In this study, 225 SU-MSM were recruited from community STI clinics, syringe services programs, or substance use treatment programs in eight Southern cities. Using structural equation modeling, we examined latent variable constructs of barriers and facilitators (i.e., affordability, burden, risk compensation, side effects, and stigma) and their associations with both willingness to take PrEP and length of PrEP use. Greater concern over affordability was robustly associated with more willingness to take PrEP under a variety of conditions. Risk compensation was associated with greater length of PrEP use, suggesting a major motivator to remain on PrEP was the perceived freedom to forego condoms during sex. Findings advance research on measurement of barriers and facilitators of PrEP willingness and uptake and highlight the importance of addressing affordability in PrEP implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"245-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hilal Abdessamad, Shawnalyn W Sunagawa, Anthony T Podany, Catherine M Creticos, Joshua Forgy, Theppharit Panichsillapakit, Dima Dandachi
{"title":"<i>Letter:</i> Navigating HIV PCR Results in the Era of Long-Acting Injectable Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis.","authors":"Hilal Abdessamad, Shawnalyn W Sunagawa, Anthony T Podany, Catherine M Creticos, Joshua Forgy, Theppharit Panichsillapakit, Dima Dandachi","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2025.0060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah L Blanchard, Helen L King, Kristin S Alvarez, Ank E Nijhawan
{"title":"Impact of Targeted Outreach to Increase Linkage to Preventative Services for Patients Tested for Mpox.","authors":"Hannah L Blanchard, Helen L King, Kristin S Alvarez, Ank E Nijhawan","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0035","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early in the Mpox outbreak, individuals presenting for Mpox testing often did not receive comprehensive sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening upon presentation. This study aims to assess the impact of targeted outreach on linkage to STI and HIV screening and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) counseling for individuals presenting for Mpox testing. Individuals who had tested for Mpox were contacted via an existing STI outreach team in Dallas, Texas, to engage in STI/HIV screening and other preventive services between June 2022 and March 2023. On retrospective chart review, 414 individuals were tested for Mpox with 203 PCR-confirmed cases. 238/414 (58%) were previously diagnosed with HIV. 76/176 (43%) of individuals with unknown HIV status were screened for HIV, and six new cases of HIV were identified. One-third (136/414) were also tested for other STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis), with 45 new cases identified. 94/414 (23%) individuals were contacted for outreach after initial Mpox testing. Patients who received outreach were more likely to be tested for HIV (10/26 [38.4%]) compared with those who did not receive outreach (19/144 [13.3%]) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and more likely to undergo additional STI testing (58/94 [62%] vs. 109/320 [34%]) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). More individuals in the outreach group were counseled on starting PrEP than in the non-outreach group (14/26 [53.8%] vs. 8/144 [5.6%]) (<i>p</i> = 0.0016). Targeted outreach increased screening for HIV and other STIs and counseling for PrEP among patients presenting for Mpox testing. Strategies to increase linkage to preventive services are needed to reduce coinfections of Mpox, HIV, and other STIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"187-191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gloria A Aidoo-Frimpong, Toluwani Adekunle, Gamji R Abu'Baare, Collins Adu
{"title":"Community-Driven Recommendations for Developing Culturally Aligned Messaging to Improve Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Acceptability and Uptake Among US-Based African Immigrants.","authors":"Gloria A Aidoo-Frimpong, Toluwani Adekunle, Gamji R Abu'Baare, Collins Adu","doi":"10.1089/apc.2025.0020","DOIUrl":"10.1089/apc.2025.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African immigrants in the United States experience increased HIV risk due to social and structural barriers such as language constraints, stigma, and cultural misconceptions. Despite this, research on effective pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) messaging tailored to this population remains limited. This study examines how PrEP communication can be adapted to meet the needs of Ghanaian immigrants who represent a segment of the larger African immigrant population. Semistructured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVivo 12. The analysis highlights key considerations for effective PrEP messaging, including the importance of cultural and linguistic relevance, the role of familiar and relatable messengers, and the need for clear and practical information. Participants emphasized the significance of addressing stigma and misinformation with factual, empathetic messaging and expressed a preference for ongoing community-based education about PrEP. Community leaders and health care professionals were identified as influential sources of information, capable of shaping attitudes and increasing uptake. These findings underscore the necessity of culturally tailored, community-driven approaches to PrEP messaging that bridge linguistic and cultural gaps. Integrating these insights into health communication strategies can improve awareness, acceptance, and utilization of PrEP among Ghanaian immigrants, ultimately contributing to more equitable HIV prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7476,"journal":{"name":"AIDS patient care and STDs","volume":" ","pages":"178-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}