Science & medicine in football最新文献

{"title":"On-field rehabilitation in football: current practice and perceptions. A survey of the English Premier League and Football League.","authors":"Mark Armitage, Stuart A McErlain-Naylor, Gavin Devereux, Marco Beato, John Iga, Allistair McRobert, Simon Roberts, Matt Buckthorpe","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2313529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2024.2313529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Return to play related research is increasing rapidly, with two recent competency-based frameworks offering conceptualised support for on-field rehabilitation (OFR) decision-making. It is still unknown, however, who is responsible for OFR and how they typically select, monitor, and progress OFR processes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate current OFR practice within English professional football to support practitioners with decision-making and highlight opportunities for future research related to the design, monitoring, and progression of OFR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-nine practitioners responsible for the design and implementation of OFR at 69 clubs (75% of the English Premier League and Football League) responded to a survey containing 30 questions (14 open and 16 closed).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main findings were that therapists (physiotherapists/sports therapists) have the largest influence on OFR, followed by physical performance coaches (sports scientists/strength and conditioning coaches), technical coaches and medical doctors. There was more agreement for the ordering of specific OFR drills earlier in the process when activities are easier to control. The most frequently reported objective monitoring tool was global positioning systems (GPS), with functional/clinical experience/expertise remaining subjectively vital. GPS outputs (<i>e.g</i>., sprint metrics and accelerations/decelerations) were most used for between session decision-making, with verbal communication being key for within session decision-making.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future research should use evidence of current practice, such as drill design and monitoring techniques, to explore drill-level analysis and give practitioners greater insights into which stage of current OFR frameworks specific drills fall, and how they might be more objectively progressed/regressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No evidence that visual exploratory activity distinguishes the super elite from elite football players.","authors":"Simone Caso, Thomas B McGuckian, John van der Kamp","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2325139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2024.2325139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual exploratory activities (VEA) refer to head and body movements that football players make prior to receiving the ball to search possibilities for action. VEA is considered a key performance indicator that differentiates the skill level of players. This study revisited whether VEA also distinguishes super elite, award winning players from their elite teammates without awards. To this end, video footage from the men's UEFA Champions League season 2018-2019 featuring the super elite players (<i>n</i> = 18) and the elite players (<i>n</i> = 18) was analyzed. To reduce the potential differences in match dynamics as much as possible, the selected players in the two groups were of the same team, playing the same match, in the same positioning line. VEA (i.e. frequency per unit time) during the penultimate and final pass prior to ball reception and performance (i.e. percentages of adequate ball contacts and subsequent actions) were compared between the two groups of players using ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. In addition, hierarchical stepwise regression analyses were conducted to explore the degree to which VEA was predicted by group and subsequent performance. The results showed that the players had higher VEA during the final pass (<i>M</i> = 0.45) than the penultimate pass (<i>M</i> = 0.41). There were no significant differences in VEA or performance between the two groups. Also, the regression analyses did not deliver significant models. We conclude that with partial control for match dynamics, no evidence emerged to support that VEA distinguishes super elite players from elite football players.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What contextual factors influence pain management decision making concerning player availability in professional men's football? A qualitative analysis of practitioner perceptions.","authors":"Daniel Read, Craig Rosenbloom","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2316093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2024.2316093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Football practitioners must regularly assess the risk of participation when determining player availability. At present, there is a lack of information detailing the factors that influence risk assessments. Accordingly, the following research question was explored: what contextual factors influence pain management decision-making when determining player availability in professional men's football?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with club doctors (8), physiotherapists (6), and heads of medicine and performance (8) working in professional men's football in the United Kingdom. The methodology is reported using COREQ criteria and data were analysed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were created that explain how decision-making concerning analgesia was influenced by: (1) access to medical resources, (2) trust between staff and players, and (3) prioritising short-term success. First, the time, resources, and medical information available to staff impacted the ability to assess players and their risk tolerance in relation to analgesia. Second, decision-making was perceived as a multi-stakeholder process and the nature of relationships with players and performance staff could increase or decrease risk tolerance. Third, player decisions are made against a performance and working environment that privileges short term success over long term wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data support that pain management decision-making in professional men's football is influenced by the player and staff's working context. Further, practitioners viewed potential harm to a player from a socio-economic and physical perspective. These findings support the adoption of a patient-centred care approach and can inform clear recommendations from international and national governing bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the true burden of a time-loss injury: full vs partial time-loss in elite academy football (soccer).","authors":"Stella Veith, Matthew Whalan, Neil Gibson, John A Sampson","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2156587","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2156587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In football, the number of days without full participation in training/competition is often used as a surrogate measure for time-loss (TL) caused by injury. However, injury management and return-to-play processes frequently include modified participation, which to date has only been recorded through self-reports. This study aims to demonstrate the differentiation between 'full' (no participation in team football) and 'partial' (reduced/modified participation in team football) burden. Injury and exposure data were collected from 118 male elite footballers (U13-U18) over 3 consecutive seasons according to the Football Consensus Statement. TL injury burden was calculated separately as the number of total, 'full' and 'partial' days lost per 1000 h of exposure. Injury burden (137.2 days lost/1000 h, 95% CI 133.4-141.0) was comprised of 23% (31.9 days lost/1000 h, 95% CI 30.1-33.8) partial TL and 77% (105.3 days lost/1000 h, 95% CI 102.0-108.6) full TL burden. Injuries of moderate severity (8-28 days lost) showed 40% of partial TL. TL injury incidence rate (6.6 injuries/1000 h, 95% CI 5.8-7.5), the number of severe injuries (16%), and the distribution of TL and non-TL injuries (56% and 44%) were comparable to other reports in elite youth footballers. Almost one-quarter of the TL injury burden showed that injured players were still included in some team football activities, which, for injuries with TL >7 days, was likely related to the return to play process. Therefore, reporting on partial TL provides insight into the true impact of injury on participation levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10338229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising classification in sport: a replication study using physical and technical-tactical performance indicators to classify competitive levels in rugby league match-play.","authors":"Victor Elijah Adeyemo, Anna Palczewska, Ben Jones, Dan Weaving, Sarah Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2146177","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2146177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>  Determining key performance indicators and classifying players accurately between competitive levels is one of the classification challenges in sports analytics. A recent study applied Random Forest algorithm to identify important variables to classify rugby league players into academy and senior levels and achieved 82.0% and 67.5% accuracy for backs and forwards. However, the classification accuracy could be improved due to limitations in the existing method. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce and implement feature selection technique to identify key performance indicators in rugby league positional groups and assess the performances of six classification algorithms. Fifteen and fourteen of 157 performance indicators for backs and forwards were identified respectively as key performance indicators by the correlation-based feature selection method, with seven common indicators between the positional groups. Classification results show that models developed using the key performance indicators had improved performance for both positional groups than models developed using all performance indicators. 5-Nearest Neighbour produced the best classification accuracy for backs and forwards (accuracy = 85% and 77%) which is higher than the previous method's accuracies. When analysing classification questions in sport science, researchers are encouraged to evaluate multiple classification algorithms and a feature selection method should be considered for identifying key variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40684832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of potential hydration opportunities during future football tournaments based on data from the 2018 FIFA World Cup.","authors":"Floris C Wardenaar, Joshua S Beaumont, Josh Boeckman, Bregje van Geffen, Jennifer K Vanos","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2137574","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2137574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Cup is traditionally held oppressive thermal conditions. Therefore, teams should follow heat strain mitigation strategies, including optimal fluid ingestion. The objective of this analysis was to assess and visually communicate match-based World Cup player hydration opportunities and behaviors. Broadcast recordings of the 2018 World Cup (June-July) were analyzed. Descriptive data were reported for match duration, the number, type, and duration of breaks, and player-initiated hydration moments, as well as environmental conditions categorized as 'no thermal stress' and 'thermal heat stress.' The median number and interquartile range of total match breaks were 7 [5-8] during official breaks, with a duration of 42 [23-72] seconds. There were 2 [1-3] player-initiated hydration moments per game, with a duration of 77 [55-100] seconds. On top of the 29% (#126) of breaks in which drinking occurred, an additional 26% (#33) of self-initiated drinking was registered with a duration of 7 [4-28] seconds without an official break. There was no significant difference (P = 0.22) in self-initiated hydration between thermal conditions. Relative percentages showed suboptimal use of substitution (14%) and VAR (38%) breaks vs. injury breaks (75%). In conclusion, football players did not sufficiently use available breaks to hydrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33546329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing gears: data-driven velocity zones to support monitoring and research in men's rugby league.","authors":"Cloe Cummins, Glen Charlton, David Paul, Aron Murphy","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2152482","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2152482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to (1) apply a data-mining approach to league-wide microtechnology data to identify absolute velocity zone thresholds and (2) apply the respective velocity zones to microtechnology data to examine the locomotor demands of elite match-play.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>League-wide microtechnology data were collected from elite male rugby league players representing all National Rugby League (NRL) teams (n = 16 teams, one excluded due to a different microtechnology device; n = 4836 files) over one season. To identify four velocity zones, spectral clustering with a beta smoothing cut-off of 0.1 was applied to each players' instantaneous match-play velocity data. Velocity zones for each player were calculated as the median while the overarching velocity zones were determined through an incremental search to minimise root mean square error.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The velocity zones identified through spectral clustering were 0-13.99 km · h^-1 (i.e., low velocity), 14.00-20.99 km · h^-1 (i.e., moderate velocity), 21.00-24.49 km · h^-1 (i.e., high velocity) and >24.50 km · h^-1 (i.e., very-high velocity).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The application of spectral clustering (i.e., a data-mining method) to league-wide rugby league microtechnology data yielded insights into the distribution of velocity data, thereby informing the cut-off values which best place similar data points into the same velocity zones. As the identified zones are representative of the intensities of locomotion achieved by elite male rugby league players, it is suggested that when absolute zones are used, the consistent application of the identified zones would facilitate standardisation, longitudinal athlete monitoring as well as comparisons between teams, leagues and published literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40518229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing the criteria applied to acceleration and deceleration efforts changes the types of player actions detected.","authors":"Susanne Ellens, David Carey, Paul Gastin, Matthew C Varley","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2137575","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2137575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study identified and profiled the types of player actions of Australian football players executed during high acceleration and/or deceleration efforts and identified how the duration exceeding the acceleration or deceleration threshold influenced the identified executed player actions. The commencing speed of the acceleration and deceleration efforts were also assessed. Acceleration and deceleration efforts of 22 Australian football players monitored with a 10-Hz GNSS device across two matches were analysed. Synchronised video footage of the matches was used to identify the player actions executed during acceleration and deceleration efforts. Linear mixed models were conducted to examine the relationship between commencing speed, player action, and duration exceeding the effort threshold. 'Linear movement' and 'jump' were the most frequently executed player actions for high accelerations and 'stop' and 'being tackled' for high decelerations. Significant differences were observed in commencing speed between player actions for the high deceleration efforts. Furthermore, it was found that a higher commencing speed was associated with an increased duration exceeding the deceleration threshold. These findings will help practitioners and researchers with selecting minimum-duration criteria for acceleration and deceleration efforts and provide an understanding of the types of player actions executed during these efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"52-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33545827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in football - a \"Keeping SCORE\" approach to judicious use.","authors":"Craig Rosenbloom, Katrine Okholm Kryger, Sean Carmody, Daniel Broman","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2140189","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2140189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use in elite sport is high, with football being no exception. Increased awareness of significant adverse drug reactions from published research and retired players commentary in the media have made the topic mainstream. Despite this increased awareness, usage rates show no sign of significantly reducing. Footballers, like all elite athletes are focused on maximising their performance and potential - even at the expense of their long-term health. An educational intervention prior to the 2010 FIFA Men's World Cup aimed at reducing rates was ineffective, suggesting that education alone is not the answer. Our author group propose a 'safer use' rather than 'no use' of NSAIDs in football. A 'Keeping SCORE' approach is suggested, designed as a prescribing aid. The approach guides medical staff towards focusing on Safety checks, Clinical indication/judgement, Open dialogue, Recording, and Evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40563809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decrease in aerial challenges after revision of goal kick rules in Japan Professional Soccer League: explorative study of the possibility of a risk reduction for head injury, concussion, and brain damage by a rule revision.","authors":"Kenichi Shibukawa, Yoshihiro Hoshikawa","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2142274","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2022.2142274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2019, FIFA revised the goal kick (GLK) rule such that a GLK could be performed even if the kicker had teammates in the penalty area. This study aimed to examine whether the rule revision reduced the frequency of aerial challenge (AC) and long GLKs (LGLKs), which are risk factors for head injury and concussion in soccer. We analyzed all official league matches (306 matches/season) of the Japan Professional Soccer League 1st Division before (2018 season) and after the rule revision (2020 season). The analysis categorized GLKs into short GLKs (SGLKs) and LGLKs, depending on the GLK distance, and included the frequency and causes of AC, in each match following a GLK, which were compared between the 2018 and 2020 seasons. The average number of LGLKs per match in the 2020 season (8.85) decreased compared to that in the 2018 season (14.20). Additionally, for ACs following a GLK, the frequency of ACs decreased from 6.08 to 3.92 per match. Meanwhile, the frequency of LGLKs tended to increase toward the end of the first and second halves in matches. The results of this study revealed that the 2019 GLK rule revision reduced the number of LGLKs and ACs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40459533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}