Science & medicine in football最新文献

Knowledge, attitude and behaviour around concussion at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023: part 2 - coaches, performance staff and players. 2023 年国际足联女足世界杯上有关脑震荡的知识、态度和行为：第 2 部分 - 教练、表演人员和球员。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2385339

Carolina Franco Wilke, Andreas Serner, Andrew Massey, Alan McCall, Mark Fulcher, Craig Rosenbloom, Sean Carmody, Stephen D Patterson, Katrine Okholm Kryger

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and behaviour around concussion at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023: part 2 - coaches, performance staff and players.","authors":"Carolina Franco Wilke, Andreas Serner, Andrew Massey, Alan McCall, Mark Fulcher, Craig Rosenbloom, Sean Carmody, Stephen D Patterson, Katrine Okholm Kryger","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2385339","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2385339","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of coaches and performance staff (i.e. 'coaching staff'), and players from the 32 teams qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 regarding assessment and management of concussion in football. Two online surveys were developed: 1) coaching staff, and 2) players. The results were analysed descriptively. Eighty-four coaching staff and 229 players completed the survey. Concussion knowledge: 39% of coaching staff and 33% of players were aware of concussion protocol(s). Knowledge: concussion symptom onset time was correctly reported by 18% of coaching staff and 11% of players. Knowledge about risks related to sustaining a concussion or returning to play too soon varied in both groups. Attitude: 26% of coaching staff and 31% of players reported being very confident or confident in recognizing a suspected concussion. Half of the players (52%) reported to always report symptoms of concussion if feeling any. One (1%) member of the coaching staff and 24 (10%) players reported feeling that a player can return to play with mild symptoms after a concussion. Behaviour: Most coaching staff reported they would have supportive behaviour if faced with a suspected concussion on the pitch. Among players, 64% stated that they would leave the assessment to their team's medical staff, and 4% would encourage their teammates to keep playing. In conclusion, coaching staff and players showed limited knowledge about concussion. Most coaching staff reported attitudes and intended behaviour towards protecting players' health; whilst players' responses varied.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"262-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142010078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of rule changes in football-code team sports: a systematic review. 足球代码团队运动规则变化的影响：系统回顾。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2375752

Gordon Rennie, Lucy Chesson, Dan Weaving, Ben Jones

{"title":"The effects of rule changes in football-code team sports: a systematic review.","authors":"Gordon Rennie, Lucy Chesson, Dan Weaving, Ben Jones","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2375752","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2375752","url":null,"abstract":"Rule changes within football-code team sports aim to improve performance, enhance player welfare, increase competitiveness, and provide player development opportunities. This manuscript aimed to review research investigating the effects of rule changes in football-code team sports. A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus) was performed to August 2023; keywords related to rule changes, football-code team sports, and activity type. Studies were excluded if they failed to investigate a football-code team sport, did not quantify the change of rule, or were review articles. Forty-six studies met the eligibility criteria. Four different football codes were reported: Australian rules football (n = 4), rugby league (n = 6), rugby union (n = 16), soccer (n = 20). The most common category was physical performance and match-play characteristics (n = 22). Evidence appears at a high risk of bias partly due to the quasi-experimental nature of included studies, which are inherently non-randomised, but also due to the lack of control for confounding factors within most studies included. Rule changes can result in unintended consequences to performance (e.g., longer breaks in play) and effect player behaviour (i.e., reduce tackler height in rugby) but might not achieve desired outcome (i.e., unchanged concussion incidence). Coaches and governing bodies should regularly and systematically investigate the effects of rule changes to understand their influence on performance and injury risk. It is imperative that future studies analysing rule changes within football codes account for confounding factors by implementing suitable study designs and statistical analysis techniques.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broadening our understanding of injury mechanisms to include at-risk situations: an overview of potential injuries at the FIFA men's World Cup Qatar 2022^TM. 拓宽我们对受伤机制的认识，将高危情况纳入其中：国际足联 2022 年卡塔尔男足世界杯潜在受伤情况概览。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2372304

Francesco Aiello, Lewis Avery, Tom Gardner, Harvey Rutherford, Alan McCall, Franco M Impellizzeri, Kerry Peek, Francesco Della Villa, Andrew Massey, Andreas Serner

{"title":"Broadening our understanding of injury mechanisms to include at-risk situations: an overview of potential injuries at the FIFA men's World Cup Qatar 2022TM.","authors":"Francesco Aiello, Lewis Avery, Tom Gardner, Harvey Rutherford, Alan McCall, Franco M Impellizzeri, Kerry Peek, Francesco Della Villa, Andrew Massey, Andreas Serner","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2372304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2372304","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine and describe the characteristics of potential injury situations during a men's professional international tournament quantified using the FIFA Football Language Medical Coding. A prospective study was conducted during the 64 matches of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™, during which five analysts recorded potential injury situations from video analysis. \"Potential injuries\" were recorded when players stayed down > 5 s and/or requested medical attention. Characteristics were further recorded for variables such as opponent's action and body location. In total, 720 potential injury situations were recorded of which 139 required medical assessment. The actions which resulted in most potential injuries were running while receiving a pass (74; 10%), while passing the ball (59; 8%), and while progressing with the ball (48; 7%). Duels and ball progression led to a potential injury in 3.0% and 2.1% of all similar actions in total. Both aerial duels and ball progression led to an potential injury that required medical assessment on 0.4% of occasions. Most potential injuries involved the head (149; 21%), foot (120; 17%), or lower leg (110; 15%) with most medical assessments of the head (35; 25%), lower leg (17; 12%), and knee (15; 11%) with a median duration of 47 seconds (IQR 28-61). This study provides a detailed overview of match circumstances that may have a higher injury risk. Although some variables within the coding system need improvement to increase reliability, its use will allow a more detailed comparison of differences between high-risk player actions leading to injury and those that do not, which can improve future prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"283-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Need a break? The locomotor and tackle pacing profile and loads of women's rugby league match-play following various between-match turnaround durations. 需要休息吗？女子橄榄球联赛在不同比赛间歇期后的运动和擒抱步速概况及负荷。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2351224

Cloe Cummins, Glen Charlton, Simon Buxton, Kath Shorter, David Paul, Aron Murphy

{"title":"Need a break? The locomotor and tackle pacing profile and loads of women's rugby league match-play following various between-match turnaround durations.","authors":"Cloe Cummins, Glen Charlton, Simon Buxton, Kath Shorter, David Paul, Aron Murphy","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2351224","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2351224","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study investigated the locomotor and tackle pacing profile and loads of female rugby league players following various between-match turnaround durations. Specifically, the study examined the (1) pacing of locomotor and tackle loads across the time-course of a match and; (2) whole-match and peak locomotor and tackle loads of match-play.Methods: Microtechnology data were collected from elite female rugby league players (n = 172) representing all National Rugby League Women's teams (n = 6 teams) across two seasons. Players were categorised into backs, adjustables, forwards or interchange players. Data was calculated for the whole-match (m), per minute (m.min-1) and peak (running: m.min-1; acceleration: m.s-2) locomotor and tackle loads (number and efficiency (%)) of match-play. The pacing as well as the locomotor and tackle loads of match-play were examined following short (≤6 days), normal (7 days) or long (≥8 days) turnarounds.Results: The pacing profile of playing positions varied across short, normal and long match turnarounds. Trivial to moderate differences existed in the whole-match, per minute and peak locomotor loads across match turnaround durations (effect size ≤ 1.2).Conclusions: Following various between-match turnaround durations (i.e., short, normal and long match turnarounds), there were variations in the locomotor and tackle pacing profile and loads whereby, the pacing profile of positional groups was more affected than the load profile. The findings can be used in applied settings to guide the recovery strategies and training plans of female rugby league players to optimise performance and wellbeing across various match turnaround durations.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"314-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology of football-related injuries in young male football players. An additional analysis of data from a cluster-randomised controlled trial. 年轻男子足球运动员与足球相关的伤害流行病学。对分组随机对照试验数据的补充分析。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2369545

Rilind Obërtinca, Tim Meyer, Karen Aus der Fünten

{"title":"Epidemiology of football-related injuries in young male football players. An additional analysis of data from a cluster-randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Rilind Obërtinca, Tim Meyer, Karen Aus der Fünten","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369545","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369545","url":null,"abstract":"Football carries a high risk of injury for youth players. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of football-related injuries in young male players. The data stems from a previously conducted cluster-randomised controlled trial that investigated the efficacy of 'FUNBALL', a new injury prevention programme. This study contains the data of the 503 players of the control arm. The players belonged to 22 football teams of the Under-(U)15, U17 and U19 age groups. The time-loss injuries were recorded during the season 2021-2022 according to the Football Consensus Statement. An analysis on the injury incidence (IR, calculated per 1000 hours of exposure), location, severity, category, and type was performed. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were used to compare the variables between the specific age groups. 187 injuries (96 in training and 91 in matches) occurred during 52 938 hours of exposure. The overall IR was 3.53 injuries/1000 h (95% confidence intervals (CI) 3.06 to 4.07). The training IR was 2.16 injuries/1000 h (95% CI 1.17 to 2.64). The match IR was 10.50 injuries/1000 h (95% CI 8.55 to 12.89). In the U19s, the overall IRR was higher compared to the U17s (IRR 1.57, CI 1.12 to 2.19; p = 0.008) and compared to the U15s (IRR 1.82, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.62; p = 0.001). The thigh was the most commonly affected body region (IR 0.92/1000 h, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.22). Muscle injuries were the most common injury type (IR 1.05/1000 h, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.37). Injury burden was 74 lost days/1000 h. The findings of this study indicate a lower injury incidence in youth players than in adult ones. We observed a higher injury incidence towards the older age groups.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, attitude, and behaviour around concussion at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023: part 1 - medical staff. 2023 年女足世界杯上有关脑震荡的知识、态度和行为：第 1 部分 - 医务人员。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2388190

Carolina Franco Wilke, Andreas Serner, Andrew Massey, Alan McCall, Mark Fulcher, Craig Rosenbloom, Sean Carmody, Stephen D Patterson, Katrine Okholm Kryger

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and behaviour around concussion at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023: part 1 - medical staff.","authors":"Carolina Franco Wilke, Andreas Serner, Andrew Massey, Alan McCall, Mark Fulcher, Craig Rosenbloom, Sean Carmody, Stephen D Patterson, Katrine Okholm Kryger","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2388190","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2388190","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of medical staff participating in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 regarding the assessment and management of concussion in football. Medical staff from 32 teams qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 were invited to answer an online survey. Results were analysed descriptively. 47 participants completed the survey. Concussion knowledge: 98% were aware of concussion protocol(s). Most concussive signs or symptoms were recognised, though only 36% of participants (n = 17) correctly reported potential symptom onset time. Knowledge on assessment and return to play elements varied. Attitude: 77% (n = 36) reported being very confident or confident in recognizing a suspected concussion. When assessing a suspected concussion on the pitch, 55% (n = 26) reported to have felt pressured by the player sometimes, very often or always, and 47% (n = 22) by the coaching staff. Behaviour: Among doctors, 70% reported their national team performs baseline concussion assessments. Reported use of on-field assessment elements suggested in concussion guidelines varied between 5% and 95%. In conclusion, most medical staff participating in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 were generally knowledgeable about concussion, reported on-pitch and return to play attitudes and behaviours aligning with evidence-based standards for safeguarding players' health. However, gaps were observed in all three domains, compared to guidelines. Expanding education to players and coaching staff is suggested to facilitate the delivery of evidence-based best practice.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"251-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysing the impact of the 50:22 kick law changes in South African rugby tournaments between 2021 and 2022. 分析 50:22 踢法变化对 2021 年至 2022 年南非橄榄球比赛的影响。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2351609

Wikus Strydom, Luis Vaz, Ross Tucker, Wilbur Kraak

{"title":"Analysing the impact of the 50:22 kick law changes in South African rugby tournaments between 2021 and 2022.","authors":"Wikus Strydom, Luis Vaz, Ross Tucker, Wilbur Kraak","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2351609","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2351609","url":null,"abstract":"Tactical kicking plays a crucial role in rugby union, influencing both attacking and defensive strategies and potentially impacting a team's overall success. The introduction of the 50:22 law requires defensive teams to reposition players to anticipate and counter kicks, thereby reducing the number of players in their defensive front line. This study investigated the impact of the 50:22 kicking law on kicking profiles by comparing the 2021 and 2022 seasons, as well as examining the success rate of 50:22 kicks during the 2022 season in South African rugby union tournaments. A retrospective research design was employed, utilising video-based performance analysis software (Nacsport Scout Plus) for data collection. The analysis encompassed all general play kicks from 177 matches spanning two seasons and tournaments, amounting to a total of 6,479 kicks. Within this dataset, there were 53 successful 50:22 kicks out of 162 attempts. Key findings revealed an upswing in kicks by scrum halves (2021: 20%, 2022: 26%; p = 0.00) and a concurrent decline in kicks by fullbacks (2021: 21%, 2022: 18%; p = 0.01). Notably, there was a significant increase in the percentage of kicks occurring in the fourth quarter of the match (2021: 20%, 2022: 22%; p = 0.01). Furthermore, the study identified a noteworthy increase in the percentage of kicks following a turnover (2021: 2%, 2022: 3%; p < 0.01). In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into how the 50:22 law shapes kicking strategies in South African rugby union, shedding light on the shifts in player roles and temporal patterns of kicking within the context of this specific law.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"304-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-loss injuries and illnesses at the FIFA world cup Qatar 2022. 2022 年卡塔尔世界杯足球赛的伤病时间损失。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2357568

Andreas Serner, Karim Chamari, Bahar Hassanmirzaei, Francisco Moreira, Roald Bahr, Andrew Massey, Katharina Grimm, Ben Clarsen, Montassar Tabben

{"title":"Time-loss injuries and illnesses at the FIFA world cup Qatar 2022.","authors":"Andreas Serner, Karim Chamari, Bahar Hassanmirzaei, Francisco Moreira, Roald Bahr, Andrew Massey, Katharina Grimm, Ben Clarsen, Montassar Tabben","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2357568","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2357568","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to analyse incidence and characteristics of time-loss injuries and illnesses during the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. Of 838 male football players, 705 consented to participate. Team medical staff reported 82 time-loss injuries, corresponding to an injury event incidence of 5.6 injuries/1000 h of total exposure (95%CI 4.5 to 7.0 injuries/1000 h), with a median of 2 time-loss injury events per team (IQR, 1 to 4.5, range 0-7). The total injury burden was 103 (95% CI 61 to 152) days per 1000 h. Muscle/tendon injuries had the highest incidence of tissue types (48 cases, 3.3/1000 h (95% CI 2.5 to 4.4), and hamstring muscle injuries were the most frequent diagnosis (16 cases, incidence 1.1/1000 h, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.8). Match injury event incidence was 20.6/1000 h (15.0 to 27.7) and training injury event incidence was 2.1/1000 h (1.4 to 3.1). The majority (52%) of sudden-onset injuries were non-contact injuries, 40% direct contact and 8% indirect contact. We recorded 15 time-loss illnesses, corresponding to an illness event incidence of 1.1 per 1000 competition days, (95% CI: 0.6 to 1.8), and illness burden of 2.1 (1.0 to 3.4) days lost per 1000 competition days. The most common illness was respiratory infection (12 cases, 80%). Match injury event incidence was the lowest in any FIFA World Cup since injuries have been monitored.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"275-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relative age and biological maturity-related selection biases in male youth soccer across different competitive levels within a national association. 一个国家协会中不同竞技水平的青少年男子足球运动中与年龄和生理成熟度相关的选择偏差。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2369543

Liam Sweeney, Tommy R Lundberg

{"title":"Relative age and biological maturity-related selection biases in male youth soccer across different competitive levels within a national association.","authors":"Liam Sweeney, Tommy R Lundberg","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369543","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369543","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives and methods: This study aimed to examine whether biological maturation and relative age selection biases existed and varied by level of competition (regional, national, and international) in Under-15 soccer players (n = 951) within the Swedish Football Association's male player pathway. A secondary aim was to examine the relationship between relative age and body height, body weight, predicted adult height, percentage of predicted adult height (PAH%), maturity Z-score, and biological age to chronological age offset.Results: The results showed a significant bias (p < 0.001), ranging from trivial-to-small in favour of relatively older players, with the most notable increase between the regional and national levels. There were also significant moderate-to-large biases in favour of early maturing players (p < 0.001), increasing in magnitude with levels of competition. PAH% (p < 0.001) and body weight (p = 0.014) showed the strongest differences across selection levels, where the bias compared to regional level was 0.23 standard deviations (SD) for PAH% at national level and 0.41 SD at international level, while body weight appeared to be particularly related to international team selection (0.36 SD in bias). Relative age showed a moderate positive correlation with PAH% (r = 0.38), but only trivial correlations with all the other biological and physical variables examined (r=-0.05-0.11).Conclusions: The lack of association between relative age and the estimates of biological maturity timing and the additional physical characteristics suggests that relative age and biological maturity are distinct constructs. We encourage critical examination of how associations select young players for national talent programmes; current practices significantly diminish the chances of selection for those who are late maturing and relatively younger.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"328-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The physical, technical and tactical demands of on-field training drills in professional Rugby league: a systematic scoping review. 职业橄榄球联赛场上训练的体能、技术和战术要求：系统性范围审查。

Science & medicine in football Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2369526

Joanne M Walker, Katie M Slattery, Aaron J Coutts

{"title":"The physical, technical and tactical demands of on-field training drills in professional Rugby league: a systematic scoping review.","authors":"Joanne M Walker, Katie M Slattery, Aaron J Coutts","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/24733938.2024.2369526","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The main objectives of this scoping review were to conduct a systematic search on the physical, technical and tactical demands of rugby league training, consolidate and summarise key findings and identify any existing gaps in knowledge.Methods: A systematic online search of Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus was conducted from earliest record to 6 August 2023 and supplemented by manually searching reference lists. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist was followed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they investigated the physical, technical and/or tactical demands of rugby league training within all levels of competition and included either male or female participants.Results: The initial search yielded 637 papers, 25 of which were included in the review. Of these studies, the majority (n = 19) exclusively examined the physical demands of training, one paper exclusively examined the technical demands of training, five studies included both physical and technical demands, and no studies examined the tactical demands of training. Small-sided games was the most prevalent drill included within investigations examining the physical and technical demands of various rugby league training drills.Conclusions: The present review was the first to scope peer-reviewed literature on the multifaceted demands (i.e. physical, technical and tactical) demands of rugby league training. It is apparent that this area is under researched, specifically in literature examining the technical and tactical elements of rugby league training.","PeriodicalId":74767,"journal":{"name":"Science & medicine in football","volume":" ","pages":"213-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0