Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular protein profiling in patients with first-episode psychosis.","authors":"Anna Malmqvist, Feride Eren, Lilly Schwieler, Funda Orhan, Helena Fatouros-Bergman, Lena Flyckt, Fredrik Piehl, Simon Cervenka, Magnus Bäck, Carl M Sellgren, Göran Engberg, Sophie Erhardt","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00633-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00633-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with schizophrenia have a threefold higher mortality from cardiovascular disease than people in the general population. Atherosclerosis is linked to immune activation, a process tentatively entwined with the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate an extensive array of cardiovascular biomarkers in individuals experiencing their first episode of psychosis (FEP), either drug-naïve or exposed to short-term antipsychotic treatment, alongside a group of healthy controls (HC). Using the OLINK Proximity Extension Assay, Cardiovascular II Panel, we analyzed plasma from 72 FEP patients, including 42 later diagnosed with schizophrenia and 54 HCs. Biomarker levels, that significantly differed between patients and controls, were correlated with symptom severity, cognitive performance and cardiovascular risk factors. Fifteen out of 92 cardiovascular biomarkers were higher in individuals with FEP compared to HC, and one biomarker was lower in FEP patients compared to HC. BMI, waist size, blood pressure, fp-glucose, HbA1c and serum lipid levels were similar between the groups. No correlations that held for multiple comparisons were seen between biomarker concentrations and symptom severity, cognitive performance or cardiovascular risk factors in FEP patients. Higher concentrations of several cardiovascular biomarkers were observed in individuals with FEP compared to in HC. This suggests that patients with FEP are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease from the onset of psychosis, even before changes in traditional biomarkers are detectable. It underscores the need for innovative approaches to detect and monitor this risk early.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromodulation in the treatment of social cognition dysfunction in Schizophrenia: a systematic review.","authors":"Marta Moura Neves, Fabiana Ventura, Nuno Madeira","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00629-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00629-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deficits in social cognition are significant barriers to functional living for individuals with schizophrenia. Although these symptoms have garnered increasing research attention, an effective treatment remains elusive. This systematic review evaluates the use of neuromodulation techniques in treating social cognition deficits in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We included randomized, sham-controlled trials, non-controlled and/or open-label trials that assessed the efficacy of neuromodulation in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (as per the DSM-III or later editions, or ICD equivalents), aged over 18 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen papers (1 on ECT, 4 on rTMS, and 8 on tES), including 11 RCTs, met the inclusion criteria. Seven of the thirteen analyzed studies indicated improvements in certain domains of social cognition associated with neuromodulation treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neuromodulation techniques improved some domains of social cognition in individuals with schizophrenia. Further research is required to develop robust treatment protocols with proven efficacy in improving social cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional mimicry and smiling behaviors in schizophrenia: An ecological approach.","authors":"Mathilde Parisi, Stéphane Raffard, Tifenn Fauviaux, Victor Vattier, Dorra Mrabet, Delphine Capdevielle, Ludovic Marin","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00632-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00632-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with schizophrenia often experience social skill deficits, leading to reduced social interaction quality. Emotional mimicry, the automatic imitation of a counterpart's expression, plays a crucial role in social interactions. This study introduces a novel methodology for assessing positive emotional mimicry during a naturalistic conversation. We recruited interacting partners (n = 20), each engaging in two interactions: one with an individual diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 20) and one with a matched healthy control (n = 20). Participants were video recorded while taking turns sharing happy personal memories during six minutes. Using OpenFace, we detected participants' emotional expressions and computed mimicry scores based on their temporal alignment. Consistent with our hypotheses, individuals with schizophrenia exhibited reduced smiling and positive emotion mimicry. Furthermore, interacting partners reported lower willingness to continue interacting with individuals with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. This study stands out for its innovative methodology, assessing a key social skill in an ecological setting. Our findings highlight the potential of emotional mimicry training as an important intervention to improve social interaction in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The electroencephalography protocol for the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: Reliability and stability of measures.","authors":"Daniel H Mathalon, Spero Nicholas, Brian J Roach, Tashrif Billah, Suzie Lavoie, Thomas Whitford, Holly K Hamilton, Lauren Addamo, Andrey Anohkin, Tristan Bekinschtein, Aysenil Belger, Kate Buccilli, John Cahill, Ricardo E Carrión, Stefano Damiani, Ilvana Dzafic, Bjørn H Ebdrup, Igor Izyurov, Johanna Jarcho, Raoul Jenni, Anna Jo, Sarah Kerins, Clarice Lee, Elizabeth A Martin, Rocio Mayol-Troncoso, Margaret A Niznikiewicz, Muhammad Parvaz, Oliver Pogarell, Julio Prieto-Montalvo, Rachel Rabin, David R Roalf, Jack Rogers, Dean F Salisbury, Riaz Shaik, Stewart Shankman, Michael C Stevens, Yi Nam Suen, Nicole C Swann, Xiaochen Tang, Judy L Thompson, Ivy Tso, Julian Wenzel, Juan Helen Zhou, Jean Addington, Luis Alameda, Celso Arango, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Matthew R Broome, Kristin S Cadenhead, Monica E Calkins, Rolando I Castillo-Passi, Eric Yu Hai Chen, Jimmy Choi, Philippe Conus, Cheryl M Corcoran, Barbara A Cornblatt, Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja, Lauren M Ellman, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Pablo A Gaspar, Carla Gerber, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj, Leslie E Horton, Christy Lai Ming Hui, Joseph Kambeitz, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Matcheri S Keshavan, Minah Kim, Sung-Wan Kim, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Jun Soo Kwon, Kerstin Langbein, Daniel Mamah, Vijay A Mittal, Merete Nordentoft, Godfrey D Pearlson, Jesus Perez, Diana O Perkins, Albert R Powers, Fred W Sabb, Jason Schiffman, Jai L Shah, Steven M Silverstein, Stefan Smesny, William S Stone, Gregory P Strauss, Rachel Upthegrove, Swapna K Verma, Jijun Wang, Daniel H Wolf, Tianhong Zhang, Sylvain Bouix, Ofer Pasternak, Kang-Ik K Cho, Michael J Coleman, Dominic Dwyer, Angela Nunez, Zailyn Tamayo, Stephen J Wood, Rene S Kahn, John M Kane, Patrick D McGorry, Carrie E Bearden, Barnaby Nelson, Scott W Woods, Martha E Shenton, Gregory A Light","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00622-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00622-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) have variable clinical outcomes and low conversion rates, limiting development of novel and personalized treatments. Moreover, given risks of antipsychotic drugs, safer effective medications for CHR individuals are needed. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ) Program was launched to address this need. Based on past CHR and schizophrenia studies, AMP SCZ assessed electroencephalography (EEG)-based event-related potential (ERP), event-related oscillation (ERO), and resting EEG power spectral density (PSD) measures, including mismatch negativity (MMN), auditory and visual P300 to target (P3b) and novel (P3a) stimuli, 40-Hz auditory steady state response, and resting EEG PSD for traditional frequency bands (eyes open/closed). Here, in an interim analysis of AMP SCZ EEG measures, we assess test-retest reliability and stability over sessions (baseline, month-2 follow-up) in CHR (n = 654) and community control (CON; n = 87) participants. Reliability was calculated as Generalizability (G)-coefficients, and changes over session were assessed with paired t-tests. G-coefficients were generally good to excellent in both groups (CHR: mean = 0.72, range = 0.49-0.85; CON: mean = 0.71, range = 0.44-0.89). Measure magnitudes significantly (p < 0.001) decreased over session (MMN, auditory and visual target P3b, visual novel P3a, 40-Hz ASSR) and/or over runs within sessions (MMN, auditory/visual novel P3a and target P3b), consistent with habituation effects. Despite these small systematic habituation effects, test-retest reliabilities of the AMP SCZ EEG-based measures are sufficiently strong to support their use in CHR studies as potential predictors of clinical outcomes, markers of illness progression, and/or target engagement or secondary outcome measures in controlled clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing social cognition in psychosis - the potential role of open dialogue.","authors":"Maria Gariup, Tomi Bergström, Katharina Saliger, Justin M Palanci, Robert O Cotes, Joseph B Stoklosa, Jaakko Seikkula","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00608-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00608-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12141516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital health technologies in the accelerating medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program.","authors":"Johanna T W Wigman, Ann Ee Ching, Yoonho Chung, Habiballah Rahimi Eichi, Erlend Lane, Carsten Langholm, Aditya Vaidyam, Andrew Jin Soo Byun, Anastasia Haidar, Jessica Hartmann, Angela Nunez, Dominic Dwyer, Adibah Amani Nasarudin, Owen Borders, Isabelle Scott, Zailyn Tamayo, Priya Matneja, Kang-Ik Cho, Jean Addington, Luis K Alameda, Celso Arango, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Matthew R Broome, Kristin S Cadenhead, Monica E Calkins, Eric Yu Hai Chen, Jimmy Choi, Philippe Conus, Cheryl M Corcoran, Barbara A Cornblatt, Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja, Lauren M Ellman, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Pablo A Gaspar, Carla Gerber, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj, Leslie E Horton, Christy Lai Ming Hui, Joseph Kambeitz, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Matcheri S Keshavan, Sung-Wan Kim, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Kerstin Langbein, Daniel Mamah, Daniel H Mathalon, Vijay A Mittal, Merete Nordentoft, Godfrey D Pearlson, Jesus Perez, Diana O Perkins, Albert R Powers, Jack Rogers, Fred W Sabb, Jason Schiffman, Jai L Shah, Steven M Silverstein, Stefan Smesny, Walid Yassin, William S Stone, Gregory P Strauss, Judy L Thompson, Rachel Upthegrove, Swapna Verma, Jijun Wang, Daniel H Wolf, Phillip Wolff, Laura M Rowland, Simon D'Alfonso, Ofer Pasternak, Sylvain Bouix, Patrick D McGorry, Rene S Kahn, John M Kane, Carrie E Bearden, Scott W Woods, Martha E Shenton, Barnaby Nelson, Justin T Baker, John Torous","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00599-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00599-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although meta-analytic studies have shown that 25-33% of those at Clinical High Risk (CHR) for psychosis transition to a first episode of psychosis within three years, less is known about estimating the risk of transition at an individual level. Digital phenotyping offers a novel approach to explore the nature of CHR and may help to improve personalized risk prediction. Specifically, digital data enable detailed mapping of experiences, moods and behaviors during longer periods of time (e.g., weeks, months) and offer more insight into patterns over time at the individual level across their routine daily life. However, while novel digital health technologies open up many new avenues of research, they also come with specific challenges, including replicability of results and the adherence of participants. This paper outlines the design of the digital component of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program (AMP SCZ) project, a large international collaborative project that follows individuals at CHR for psychosis over a period of two years. The digital component comprises one-year smartphone-based digital phenotyping and actigraphy. Smartphone-based digital phenotyping includes 30-item short daily self-report surveys and voice diaries as well as passive data capture (geolocation, on/off screen state, and accelerometer). Actigraphy data are collected via an Axivity wristwatch. The aim of this paper is to describe the design and the three goals of the digital measures used in AMP SCZ to: (i) better understand the symptoms, real-life experiences, and behaviors of those at CHR for psychosis, (ii) improve the prediction of transition to psychosis and other health outcomes in this population based on digital phenotyping and, (iii) serve as an example for replicable and ethical research across geographically diverse regions and cultures. Accordingly, we describe the rationale, protocol and implementation of these digital components of the AMP SCZ project. **Link to video interview: https://vimeo.com/1060935583 *.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12134270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare resource utilization burden associated with cognitive impairments identified through natural language processing among patients with schizophrenia in the United States.","authors":"Jerome Vaccaro, Mona Nili, Pin Xiang, James K Nelson, Cory Pack, Randall Thompson, Joe Vasey, Joseph Parks","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00628-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00628-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While cognitive impairments in schizophrenia are well documented in research, their identification and impact in clinical practice remain less well understood, despite their association with high patient burden and impact on long-term functional outcomes. In this study we aimed to identify documented cognitive impairments using natural language processing (NLP) and to characterize treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with schizophrenia. This US retrospective cohort study used electronic health records (EHR) linked to administrative claims data from January 2016 through February 2023. Adult patients (≥18 years) with at least two schizophrenia diagnosis codes were included. Cognitive impairments were identified by NLP. Patient characteristics were assessed in the 12 months preceding the index date (first documented schizophrenia diagnosis). Treatment patterns and HCRU were measured over the 12 months after index date. A total of 79,326 patients were enrolled in the EHR cohort and 19,974 (25.2%) had documented cognitive impairments. Impairments in \"Reasoning and Problem Solving\" were identified most often (70.4%) followed by \"Working Memory\" (27.1%) and \"Attention and Vigilance\" (19.2%). In the EHR cohort, 11,293 patients (14.2%) had linked claims. Patients with documented cognitive impairments had more HCRU including outpatient visits, psychosocial interventions, and all-cause healthcare claims than patients without documented cognitive impairments (all p < 0.001). Patients with cognitive impairments had greater psychiatric pharmacy utilization than those without cognitive impairments. These observational data add to the limited published literature on cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia in the US. The low documented identification of cognitive impairments in this study underscores the importance of improving recognition and documentation of this important domain of schizophrenia. The association of cognitive impairments with high healthcare utilization further emphasizes the need for better treatment options for patients with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated analysis of clinical interviews indicates altered head movements during social interactions in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.","authors":"Juliette Lozano-Goupil, Tina Gupta, Trevor F Williams, Amy E Pinkham, Claudia M Haase, Stewart A Shankman, Vijay A Mittal","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00627-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00627-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alterations in social functioning are commonly observed in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Previous research has focused on perception and interpretation of social stimuli. Assessments of social behavior have been limited and have typically been conducted using time-consuming, manual, and not always reliable methods. The current study aimed to characterize patterns of head movements, a critical feature of nonverbal social behavior, to determine alterations among CHR individuals, using novel automated tools. A total of 87 CHR and 90 healthy control youth completed video-recorded clinical interviews. Segments when participants were responding to questions were processed using an open-access machine learning-based head tracking program. This program extracted target variables such as total head movement, amplitude, and speed in each direction (x, y, and z). Relationships between head movement patterns and symptoms were then examined. Findings indicated that the CHR group exhibited the same amount of head movements as the control group, establishing that results did not reflect a more global deficit. Notably, the CHR group executed spontaneous head turns in side-to-side movements (such as the \"no\" gesture) at a significantly slower speed when compared to controls (U = 2860, p = 0019, d = -0.41). Slower side-to-side head movement was also associated with elevated clinician-rated scores of \"disorganized communication\" (r = -0.23), but not with other symptoms in the positive domain nor negative or depressive phenomenology. These findings provide new insights into alterations in social processes in individuals at CHR and highlight the promise of using automated tools to capture spontaneous head movements, thereby expanding the assessment of social behavior, communication, and applied social cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii associated with psychotic symptom load and cortisol in severe mental illness.","authors":"Dimitrios Andreou, Nils Eiel Steen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Stener Nerland, Thor Ueland, Laura A Wortinger, Ina Drabløs, Tereza Calkova, Monica B E G Ormerod, Linn Sofie Sæther, Ole A Andreassen, Robert H Yolken, Ingrid Agartz","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00630-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00630-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii (TG) is a prevalent parasite that establishes lifelong latency after primary infection. TG has been linked to severe mental illness (SMI), potentially through dopamine dysregulation in the brain. There is a bidirectional interaction between dopamine and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, where dopamine may influence cortisol regulation and cortisol may affect dopamine release. We hypothesised that TG would be associated with elevated circulatory cortisol levels, increased severity of psychotic symptoms, and structural brain aberrations in SMI. Our study included 765 patients with SMI (515 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 250 with bipolar disorders) and 541 healthy controls (HC). TG immunoglobulin G seropositivity and circulatory cortisol concentrations were measured with immunoassays, and T1-weighted MRI scans were processed using FreeSurfer. Psychotic symptom scores were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. In SMI, TG seropositivity was associated with higher cortisol levels (p = 0.002), but not in HC. Seropositive patients had lower total psychotic symptom scores (p = 0.006) than seronegative patients, driven by the schizophrenia subgroup (p = 0.002). This effect was observed for positive, negative, and general psychotic symptom scores, but only for patients with an illness duration of 10 years or more. In an exploratory analysis, TG seropositivity was nominally associated with smaller thalamus, nucleus accumbens, and middle temporal volumes in SMI, and with smaller fusiform, parahippocampal, and pars triangularis volumes in HC. In conclusion, TG exposure in SMI was linked to elevated cortisol levels and reduced psychotic symptom scores, suggesting that its impact on SMI may be more complex and context-dependent than previously assumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic well-being and its association with family caregiving experiences of households affected by schizophrenia in China.","authors":"Dan Wang, Yilu Li, Dan Qiu, Qiuyan Wu, Zixuan Tang, Chengcheng Zhang, Anyan Ni, Shuiyuan Xiao","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00623-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00623-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the household income, consumption, catastrophic health expenditure, and financial distress of people living with schizophrenia (PLS) households and examine the association between economic well-being and family caregiving experiences. A multi-site, cross-sectional survey was conducted in four cities across China with measures of household economic status and caregiving experiences. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between economic well-being and family caregiving experiences. A total of 493 PLS households were included in the analysis. In China, PLS Household income has been extremely low, as well as household consumption. Half of the PLS households has per capita incomes below half the national average in China. Overall, 23.3% of PLS household report catastrophic health expenditure and 58.6% of households perceived the financial situation is poor/very poor. In facing with financial difficulty, 38.7% of PLS household adopt at least one of cost-minimization and cost-management coping strategies. Household income was positively associated with caregiver rewarding feeling and negatively associated with caregiving burden. Household with catastrophic health expenditure, using financial coping strategies and subjective poor financial situation reported higher level of caregiving burden and affiliate stigma. The support for PLS families need to break through the traditional \"medical-centered\" intervention model, with economic empowerment as the core, integrating financial security, employment support, psychological services, and social welfare networks, and building a three-level system of \"prevention alleviation development\". This can not only improve patient prognosis but also break the vicious cycle of \"mental illness poverty\" and help families achieve long-term well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}