Rheumatology and immunology research最新文献

{"title":"Response to Comment on: \"Sirolimus versus mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of lupus nephritis: Results from a real-world CSTAR cohort study\".","authors":"Wei Bai, Mengtao Li","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0026","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"136-137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RIBOFLAVIN deficiency in rheumatic Diseases: A call for clinical trials.","authors":"Jozélio Freire de Carvalho, Rosangela Passos de Jesus","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0024","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"134-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with HRCT and differentiation of ILD subtypes.","authors":"Asmaa Khalifa, Enas Khalifa, Tasneem Mohammed Bakheet, Mohamed Hamed, Mohamed Ramadan Izzaldin, Ahmed Elsaman","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0012","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a major extra-articular complication. Detection of RA-ILD is challenging because chest X-ray and pulmonary function tests have limited sensitivity, while high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), although the reference standard, is constrained by cost and radiation exposure. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has therefore emerged as a practical bedside imaging tool. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of LUS for RA-ILD using HRCT as the reference standard, examine its correlation with radiological and functional parameters, and evaluate its ability to distinguish ILD subtypes and severity stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 86 RA patients with respiratory symptoms or auscultatory findings suggestive of ILD. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, CXR, PFTs, TUS, and HRCT. Sonographic parameters included B-line count, spacing, pleural line morphology, and lung sliding. HRCT findings were classified by ILD patterns, and the Warrick score was used to assess ILD severity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine optimal B-line cutoffs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six RA patients were enrolled, with ILD confirmed by HRCT in 62 (72.1%). LUS demonstrated the highest diagnostic sensitivity (90.0%) among all modalities, outperforming CXR, PFTs, and auscultation. Diagnostic performance improved when stratified by HRCT pattern and disease severity, with higher AUCs for UIP (0.823), NSIP (0.816), and severe ILD (0.986). LUS B-line count showed a strong positive correlation with HRCT Warrick score (r = 0.933, p < 0.0001) and moderate negative correlations with forced vital capacity (FVC) and oxygen saturation. ROC analysis identified ≥ 10.5 B-lines as the optimal threshold for ILD detection (AUC = 0.766), achieving high sensitivity and moderate specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lung ultrasound is an effective, accessible, and non-invasive screening modality for the detection of ILD in RA patients. Its integration into routine clinical practice can facilitate earlier diagnosis, assist in non-invasive differentiation of ILD subtypes, guide timely intervention, and improve patient outcomes. The identification of pattern- and severity-specific B-line cutoffs represents a novel contribution, extends existing evidence beyond a single universal threshold and highlights the added value of tailored ultrasound interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"74-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sjögren's syndrome presents with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax.","authors":"Yuyan Chao, Yiyu Zou, Rong Li, Lidan Zhao","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0023","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"131-133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 60⁺ year journey of ankylosing spondylitis from Rome criteria to today.","authors":"Chenching Wu, Wenchan Tsai","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0025","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been more than 60 years since the development of Rome criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). These criteria wonderfully delineated the clinical pictures of AS, and since then, tremendous works has paved the way for the study and management of AS patients. However, their low sensitivity, specificity and the potential for a delay diagnosis remain major problems of these criteria. Over the past six decades, new classification criteria had been developed to address these issues. As is often the case, new solutions bring new challenges. Avoiding over-diagnosis and over-treatment become a crucial contemporary issue. Hopefully, new modifications of classification criteria are on their way to better defining and treating AS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"63-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-based study of gray matter volume and cortical morphological alterations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Mingqing Xu, Shipin Zang, Yifan Yang, Ru Bai, Shuang Liu, Ruomei Cui, Shu Li, Yuqi Cheng, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0021","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical morphology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and examine their associations with clinical characteristics using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;41 RA patients and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). VBM was used to compare GMV, and SBM was applied to assess gyrification index (GI), cortical thickness (CT), sulcus depth (SD), and fractal dimension (FD). Whole-brain voxel/vertex-wise multiple linear regression analyses evaluated associations between structural indices and DAS28 disease activity scores, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), C-reactive protein (CRP), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), swollen joint count, and tender joint count.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;No significant group diferences were found in sex (χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;= 0.98, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.32) and age (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 0.48, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.14). Compared with HCs, RA patients showed reduced GMV in the bilateral putamen (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;voxel&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;cluster&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05; cluster size &gt; 50), decreased SD in the left hemisphere (118 vertices: 79% left inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part; 16% lateral orbital frontal gyrus; 5% superior frontal gyrus; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003), decreased GI in the right superior and inferior parietal gyri (65 vertices; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0004), and reduced CT in the left inferior temporal gyrus (93 vertices; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). Several structural indices were correlated with clinical variables. In the RA group, HAMA scores correlated positively with CT in the left superior frontal gyrus and both inferior and superior parts of the right middle frontal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001). VAS scores correlated positively with CT in the left fusiform gyrus and entorhinal cortex (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001). Swollen joint counts correlated positively with CT in the inferior left middle frontal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001) and right inferior parietal lobule (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0004), positively with FD in the left precuneus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), and negatively with FD in the right inferior parietal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001). DAS28 (CRP) correlated positively with GI and negatively with SD in the opercular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the right superior temporal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001). HAMD scores correlated negatively with GI and SD in the left inferior parietal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, and right precentral gyrus (GI: &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0002, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;=&lt;/i&gt; 0.0001; SD: &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0002, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003). CRP correlated positively with FD in the right postcentral gyrus and right superior parietal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). MoCA scores correlated negatively with FD in the left superior frontal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"104-116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world retention rate of secukinumab in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: Multi-centric retrospective data from China.","authors":"Zhongchao Fu, Lin Wen, Ting Wu, Xinpeng Chen, Xiaoyu Liu, Sishi Huang, Lijun Zhang, Rangeng Shi, Xiaogui Cheng, Jinxian Huang","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0010","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Secukinumab (SEC), an interleukin 17A inhibitors (IL-17Ai) has been shown to be effective in managing axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). However, data on its long-term retention in Chinese populations remain limited. This study aims to evaluate the retention rate of SEC in axSpA and its predisposing factors in Chinese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study across three centers, including axSpA patients treated with SEC. Prescription records were retrieved from the hospital information system (HIS) and electronic medical records were reviewed to confirm diagnoses and treatment exposures. Retention rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the impact of prior biologic therapy and dosage on discontinuation risk. Discontinuation events were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 459 patients were identified and included, with the longest treatment follow-up period reaching 42 months. The overall drug retention rates for SEC were 76.1%, 68.7%, and 62.8% at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Biologics-naïve patients exhibited a higher 12-month retention rate (80.7%) compared to biologic-experienced patients (72.5%). Among biologic-experienced patients, the 12-month retention rates progressively decreased with an increasing number of prior biologics: 74.6% for one prior biologic, 72.0% for two, and 55.3% for three. No statistically significant difference in retention rate was observed between the 300 mg and 150 mg groups (<i>P</i> = 0.334). A total of 82 patients (17.86%) discontinued SEC. The primary reason for discontinuation was switching to alternative therapies (<i>n</i> = 70, 85.4% of discontinuations).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEC demonstrates robust retention rates in this Chinese axSpA cohort, particularly among biologics-naïve patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated pustular eruption: Pyoderma gangrenosum as a rare manifestation in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.","authors":"Mucong Li, Ziqian Wang","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0022","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"138-140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health service capacity of rheumatology and immunology departments in China: A cross-sectional study of young and middle-aged physicians.","authors":"Lin Qiao, Yan Geng, Ling Zhao, Chanyuan Wu, Yingqian Mo, Zhu Chen, Xiangfeng Xu, Lihua Duan, Yi Zhao, Jiuliang Zhao, Qian Wang, Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0018","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Rheumatic diseases are among the most prevalent chronic health conditions worldwide. This study aimed to systematically assess the diagnostic, therapeutic, and service capabilities of rheumatology and immunology departments across China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among young and middle-aged rheumatologists from May to November 2023. The questionnaire collected data on demographics, departmental infrastructure, and service capabilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2047 rheumatologists from 934 hospitals completed the survey. Among the participating hospitals, 817 (87.5%) were tertiary institutions. Most respondents (1970/2047, 96.5%) reported that their hospitals had rheumatology and immunology departments. With respect to the departmental scale, 65.0% of the respondents reported having 20-50 inpatient beds, and 39.0% (603/1546) of the departments had 6-10 physicians. Only 33.8% (691/2045) of the hospitals were capable of performing basic immunologic blood tests. The availability of key modalities was as follows: dual-energy CT (60.6%, 1238/2044), musculoskeletal ultrasound (87.0%, 1778/2044), sacroiliac joint CT (90.9%, 1857/2044), labial gland biopsy (81.3%, 1662/2044), renal biopsy (80.6%, 1647/2044), and synovial biopsy (62.6%, 1280/2044). Most surveyed physicians used Western medicine for patient treatment. In addition, 89.0% (1806/2030) of the respondents reported conducting follow-up for patients with chronic rheumatic disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rheumatology is among the fastest-growing specialties. Our survey highlights the need to enhance public awareness, optimize specialist training, and strengthen healthcare delivery and academic research. With increasing national attention, we anticipate considerable advancements in the fields of rheumatology and immunology in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in research on fatigue in rheumatology: Bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Zulal Tatar, Elif Gur Kabul, Bilge Basakci Calik","doi":"10.1515/rir-2026-0019","DOIUrl":"10.1515/rir-2026-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to analyze the studies on fatigue symptoms in rheumatology using bibliometric methods and to determine current trends and focal points.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The dataset for this study was created from articles published between 1983 and 2024 accessed <i>via</i> the Web of Science database. The keyword index used for WoS was determined as (TI = [\"fatigue\"] ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 624 articles were included in the study. The highest publication productivity was seen in the United States with 186 publications. The journals \"Journal of Rheumatology\" and \"Rheumatology\" both ranked first in publication productivity with 68 articles each. The most commonly used keyword was \"rheumatoid arthritis\". The journal with the highest total citation amount and cumulative publication production was \"Journal of Rheumatology\". Trending topics were seen tofacitinib, patient-reported outcome measures, and psoritic arthritis. Authors with one publication on fatigue in rheumatic diseases constituted 79% of all authors, authors with two publications constituted 12%, and authors with three or more publications constituted 4%. The most globally cited study was Wolfe, F. <i>et al</i>. (1996). The most common collaborating author keyword was \"Rheumatoid Arthritis\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The literature on fatigue in the field of rheumatology contains deficiencies in better understanding the pathophysiology of fatigue, its management and treatment. At the same time, in recent years, fatigue has moved away from parameters such as muscle strength, pain and disease activity and towards patient reported outcomes. The increase in studies determining the validity and reliability of fatigue questionnaires in rheumatic diseases is also striking.</p>","PeriodicalId":74736,"journal":{"name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","volume":"7 2","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}