Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Lime on Phosphorus Availability and Nutrient Uptake of Hybrid Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Seedlings Under Acidic Nursery Soil","authors":"E. Teshale, T. Kufa, A. Regassa","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.14","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the major cash crops which were widely grown in west, south and south west parts of Ethiopia. There is wider genetic diversity in the country but the average clean coffee production is very low 0.7 ton/ha compared with other coffee producing countries. The low production was arises from erroneous management of the plant during the initial stage of establishment by using of improper nursery growing media and other field managements. The research was conducted at Jimma Agricultural Research Center nursery site in lata house to evaluate the effects of lime on the availability of phosphorus fertilizer and nutrient uptakes of coffee seedlings. The treatments consists five lime rates (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g) 2.5 kg-1 and four phosphorus mineral fertilizer rates (0, 400, 600 and 800 mg) 2.5 kg-1 of soil. The experiment was arranged in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Soil samples were taken before planting and after harvesting. Representative leaf samples were taken and both soil and leaf samples were analyzed. The result reviled that applications of 10g lime and 800 mg P rates improves the soil parameters and nutrient uptake of coffee seedlings under nursery conditions.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"60 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85656593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of NPS Fertilizer and Intra-row Spacing Effect on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea Varieties Under Midland Conditions of Bale, South-eastern Ethiopia","authors":"T. Meleta, Reta Dargei, K. Wakweya","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.12","url":null,"abstract":"Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used to increase the production and productivity of chickpea. However, there is a blanket recommendation across locations and varieties of chickpea in Ethiopia. Hence, Effects of blended NPS fertilizer rates and intra-row spacing on some agronomic traits of chickpea varieties were evaluated with the objective to find out the optimum amount of NPS fertilizer and intra-row spacing for chickpea production under midland conditions of Bale. The experiment was conducted using split plot design using chickpea varieties (ACOS Dubie and Habru) as main plots and NPS fertilizer rate and intra-row spacing as sub-plots with three replications. The main effect of variety showed significant effect on the number of days to mature, number of days to flower, plant height, biological and seed yield and hundred seed weight whereas, main effect of intra-row spacing did not show significant difference on all studied agronomic parameters. Similarly, main effect of blended NPS fertilizer rates did not reveal significant difference for the studied parameters. Blended NPS fertilizer rates utilized in the study areas did not show differences in most of studied traits. From this, it can be preliminarily concluded that reasonable intra-row spacing of 10 cm for both varieties of chickpea could be used for the studied areas.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75126659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic Performance of Different Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp) Varieties Cultivated as Sole and Intercropped with Maize in Chewaka District, South West Ethiopia","authors":"Sisay Legese, Taye Tolemariam, K. Desalegn","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.16","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp) is a legume crop grown for multipurpose uses. There are various varieties of cowpea grown under different agro ecologies throughout the world. The experiment was conducted at Chewacka district Buno Bedele Zone, South western Ethiopia; to identify adaptive and high yielding varieties under sole and cowpea maize based cropping system. The experimental contained 10 treatment combinations of sole Sewunet, sole Bole, sole Bekur, sole 9333, sole local, Sewunet+maize, Bole+maize, Bekur+maize, 9333+maize, local+maize. The treatment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on performance during establishment and growth parameter were collected. The data were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS version of 9.3). Results indicated that days to emergence, crop stand vigor, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity showed significant variation (P<0.05) among cowpea varieties and cropping system. The highest numbers of leaves were recorded in sewunet (86.27) and Bole (81.93) in sole cropped cowpea, whereas, for cowpea intercropped with maize, the highest number of leaves (52.60) was recorded in Bole. On the other hand, the highest branch number was recorded from Sewunet (8.27) in sole cropped whereas; Bole recorded the highest branches in both sole (8.13) and intercropped with maize (5.2). Bole variety flowered early in both mono-cropped (49.67 days) and cowpea maize based cropped (55.33 days) whereas, Sewunet variety flowered late (62.67days) for mono-cultured and cowpea maize based cropped (66.67days). Bole variety had early pod setting both under sole (57.67) and maize intercropping (62.33), whereas, sewunet variety was late pod setting under sole (70.00) and when intercropped with maize (73.33). Bole variety was found to be superior in most parameters recorded when cultivated sole and intercropped with maize, so that, it can be integrated crops under the current land scarcity in Ethiopia. Further study is also important to see the effects of feeding cowpea forages on animal performances.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75488170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nutrient Omission on Grain Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Kersa District, Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Obsa Atnafu, T. Balemi, A. Regassa","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.12","url":null,"abstract":"Application of fertilizer is the most effective means to increase nutrient uptake in crop plants and improve yields and quality. A field experiment was conducted with an objective to identify which of macronutrients N, P and K are limiting maize grain and yield components in the study area during 2017/18 cropping season. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with six treatments replicated across six farmers’ fields in Kersa district, Jimma zone, south western Ethiopia. The trial consisted of six treatments, unfertilized control, PK, NK, NP, NPK and NPK+. Maize grain yield was the highest for the NPK treatment followed by NPK+ treatment but lowest for the unfertilized control and N omitted plots. In absence of N, P, and K maize grain yields were significantly lower compared to that of NPK and NPK+ treatments. Among the different treatments, NPK gave the highest grain yield (9185 kg ha-1), while the control treatment gave the lowest grain yield (1861.3 kg ha-1). Grain yield levels obtained for different fertilizer treatments were ranked as NPK>NPK+>NP>PK>NK, illustrating that N deficiency was the most yield limiting nutrient followed by P and K in order. Therefore, NPK is the most suitable balanced fertilizers as application of secondary and micronutrients did not further enhance grain yield in the study area.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers Application Rates for Maize (Zea mays L.) in Yeki District, Southwest of Ethiopia","authors":"M. Wedajo, Shiferaw Temteme, G. Amante, Beniam Yaziz","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.13","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.,) is an important smallholder crop grown in Ethiopia. Its yields are low because of a decline in soil fertility, insufficient use of fertilizers, and blanket use of fertilizer. However, there is no Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for Maize in Yeki District. A three-year field experiment was conducted to verify the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates for maize. The experiment consisted of three treatments; 92 kg N ha-1 + 69 kg P2O5 ha-1, 64 Kg N ha-1 + 46 kg P2O5 ha-1and no fertilizer (control) laid out using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The replication represents the four locations selected for the test. The results of the study showed that the application of 92 kg N ha-1+ 69 kg P2O5 ha-1significantly increased the growth parameters and yield of maize when compared to the other treatments. The highest maize grain yield (10052.9 kg ha-1) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N ha-1 with 69 kg P2O5 ha-1. This study further confirms the significant role of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for maize production. From the result of the study, the application rate of 92 kg N ha-1 + 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 is recommended for increasing maize yield, particularly in the study area, and also it is economically feasible.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"106 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82162032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practicing Urban Agriculture Is the Most Appreciate Means to Fight Against Famine, Depression, Anxiety and Spread of Coronavirus","authors":"Chanie Derso Misganaw","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.11","url":null,"abstract":"Urban agriculture is the cultivation of selective plants and animals rearing in the urban and pre urban areas for various purposes. Besides self-food sufficiency, urban agriculture is a means of social goodness, economic profitability, and precious environmental health. However, to date, most peoples in the town haven't practiced, and most spare parts of the town, roadsides, and gardens are not used for urban agriculture in almost all cities in Ethiopia. Consequently, this review paper aimed to call attention regarding urban agriculture and its plentiful significant. Since urban agriculture decisive to improve the livelihood, generates incomes and creates job opportunities. Besides, it is one of the most appreciated means to fight against famine, depression, anxiety, and the spread of coronavirus. In this paper, the types, principles, and prospects of urban agriculture are discussed based on the updated information. To this end, people can practice urban agriculture using a small plot, a container with soil or hydroponic and aeroponic systems, even if a location is a matter through the vertical farm and ensure self-food sufficiency, to stay safe and healthy.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"217 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91458033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Ethiopian Wheat Germplasm Against Yellow Rust (Puccinia striiformis) Disease Under Field Condition","authors":"D. Kasa, T. Negash","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.14","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat rust outbreak especially yellow rust is the major production constraint in Ethiopia. Arsi Zone is the hot spot zone for yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis (Pst)) particularly Meraro and Bekoji sites are frequently yellow rust epidemic was occur due favorable environmental and higher pressure of inoculums in the areas. Therefore, the objective the study was to identify sources of resistance against yellow rust at adult plant stage under hot spot sites. In this study, Three hundred seventy five elite breeding and advanced lines were planted at Meraro, Arsi-Robe and Bekoji. The results show that 34, 10 and 54% of the lines at Meraro were found resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible. At Arsi-Robe 61, 23.5 and 15.5% of lines were showed that resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible. Finally, at Bekoji 35.5, 21.3 and 43.2% lines at were resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible category of yellow rust. Average coefficient of infection (ACI) less than 20% showed at Meraro (34%), Bekoji (35.5%) and Arsi-Robe (61%) was good percent of resistance to the current yellow rust pressure respectively, indicating higher disease pressure at Meraro and Bekoji than that of Arsi-Robe. Among the lines, 43.7% showed a good level of resistance (<30% severity) in all locations. Generally, most of the lines, which showed better resistance at Arsi-Robe, were susceptible at Meraro and Bekoji.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"7 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80728586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)","authors":"Birhanu Gebeyehu, Tarikua Shumiye, T. Awoke","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.16","url":null,"abstract":"Barley is one of the popular crops cultivated since ancient time in the world. Barley is one of the main cereal crops produced in the World and it is one of the most ancient crops among cereals and has played a significant role in the development of agriculture in the world. It is commonly used for food, animal feed and beverage value. The most important factors that reduce yield of barley is poor soil fertility, blanket recommendation of fertilizers, soil acidity (low soil pH), diseases and insects, poor crop management practices. The main objective of this paper is to review the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on food barley yield and yield components. Balanced fertilization is the key to sustainable crop production and maintenance of soil health. The yield of crop is depending upon the combined effect of many factors. Among these factors, the production and productivity is declining from time to time because of lack of combined application of input like recommended amount of fertilizers and management practices. Based on the review on the effect NPS fertilizer rate on phenology, growth and yield parameters of food barley. It has both economic and environmental consideration. The application of NPS fertilizer rates shows significant effect on growth, yield and yield components of food barley. It influence on the phonological, vegetative growth, yield and yield related parameters. Days to 50%heading, days to 90% maturity, spike length and number of tiller per plant were significantly affected by the NPS fertilizer rate. Then we should or need to focus on micro nutrients that are considered useless by farmers as well as researchers because those micro nutrients deficiency today shows clinical symptoms at human beings especially on children and infant women. Fertilizer suppliers or cooperative unions should pay attention to supply or blended type of the fertilizer instead of supplying single elements, the fact that the government and recognized researchers should give due attention to blended fertilizer to increase production of food Barley.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79499361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and Yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Varieties as Influenced by Application of NPS Fertilizer at Ginir, South-eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Chala Gutema, J. Abdullahi, T. Tana","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211002.15","url":null,"abstract":"Shortage of improved varieties and soil nutrient depletion are the major production constraints of fenugreek in mid-altitude of Bale Zone in Ethiopia. Therefore, an on-farm experiment was conducted at Ginir, south-eastern Ethiopia, to assess the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on growth and, yield components and seed yield of fenugreek varieties. Factorial combinations of three fenugreek varieties (Burqa, Chala and Ebisa) and five rates of NPS (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg NPS ha-1) were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that the main effects of varieties significantly influenced days to 50% flowering, days to 90% physiological maturity and thousand seed weight. The highest thousand seed weight (17.31 g) was recorded from variety Burqa. Variety Chala was the earliest to reach days to 50% flowering (63.27 days) while variety Burqa was the earliest (115 days) to reach 90% of physiological maturity. Similarly, the main effect of NPS showed significantly higher number of primary branches per plant (5.11), number of pod per plant (25.47) and biomass yield (7160 kg ha-1) at 200 kg NPS ha-1 while the highest thousand seed weight (18.44g) was obtained at 150 kg NPS ha-1. The interaction of NPS fertilizer and varieties showed significant effect on plant height, number of seeds per pod and seed yield. The highest plant height (53.67cm) was recorded from Chala variety at 200 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1 while the highest number of seeds per pod (11.89) was recorded from variety Burqa at 150 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1. Similarly, the highest seed yield (1980 kg ha-1) was recorded from variety Ebisa at 150 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net return of (42231.67 and 40361.9 ETB ha-1) with marginal rate of return (566.84 and 542.5%) were recorded for varieties of Ebisa and Chala respectively, while variety Burqa resulted in the higher net benefit (39294.8 ETB ha-1) with the highest marginal rate of return (166.24%) at 100 kg NPS ha-1. Therefore, it can tentatively be concluded that application of 150 kg NPS ha-1 Ebisa and Chala varieties and 100 kg NPS ha-1 of variety Burqa to be the best treatment in the study area.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"SE-5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84632720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income","authors":"Wole-alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph","doi":"10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AFF.20211001.11","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81969698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}