埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马地区克尔萨地区营养缺失对玉米产量及产量构成的影响

Obsa Atnafu, T. Balemi, A. Regassa
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引用次数: 2

摘要

施肥是增加作物养分吸收、提高产量和品质的最有效手段。为了确定2017/18种植季研究区玉米籽粒和产量构成因素中氮、磷和钾的限制因素,进行了田间试验。该试验采用完全随机区设计,在埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马区克尔萨区6个农民田间重复进行6种处理。试验分为未施肥对照、PK、NK、NP、NPK和NPK+ 6个处理。玉米产量以氮磷钾处理最高,其次为氮磷钾+处理,而未施肥对照和免施氮肥的玉米产量最低。无氮、磷、钾处理的玉米产量显著低于NPK和NPK+处理。氮磷钾处理籽粒产量最高(9185 kg ha-1),对照处理籽粒产量最低(1861.3 kg ha-1)。不同施肥处理的籽粒产量水平依次为NPK>NPK+>NP>PK>NK,说明缺氮是最大的限制产量的养分,其次是P和K。因此,氮磷钾是最合适的平衡肥料,因为在研究区施用二次和微量营养元素并没有进一步提高粮食产量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of Nutrient Omission on Grain Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Kersa District, Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
Application of fertilizer is the most effective means to increase nutrient uptake in crop plants and improve yields and quality. A field experiment was conducted with an objective to identify which of macronutrients N, P and K are limiting maize grain and yield components in the study area during 2017/18 cropping season. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with six treatments replicated across six farmers’ fields in Kersa district, Jimma zone, south western Ethiopia. The trial consisted of six treatments, unfertilized control, PK, NK, NP, NPK and NPK+. Maize grain yield was the highest for the NPK treatment followed by NPK+ treatment but lowest for the unfertilized control and N omitted plots. In absence of N, P, and K maize grain yields were significantly lower compared to that of NPK and NPK+ treatments. Among the different treatments, NPK gave the highest grain yield (9185 kg ha-1), while the control treatment gave the lowest grain yield (1861.3 kg ha-1). Grain yield levels obtained for different fertilizer treatments were ranked as NPK>NPK+>NP>PK>NK, illustrating that N deficiency was the most yield limiting nutrient followed by P and K in order. Therefore, NPK is the most suitable balanced fertilizers as application of secondary and micronutrients did not further enhance grain yield in the study area.
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