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Bacterial L-arabinose isomerases: industrial application for D-tagatose production. 细菌l -阿拉伯糖异构酶:d -塔格糖生产的工业应用。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511797636248
Samira Boudebbouze, Emmanuelle Maguin, Moez Rhimi
{"title":"Bacterial L-arabinose isomerases: industrial application for D-tagatose production.","authors":"Samira Boudebbouze,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Maguin,&nbsp;Moez Rhimi","doi":"10.2174/187221511797636248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511797636248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D-tagatose is a natural monosaccharide with a low caloric value and has an anti-hyperglycemiant effect. This hexose has potential applications both in pharmaceutical and agro-food industries. However, the use of D-tagatose remains limited by its production cost. Many production procedures including chemical and biological processes were developed and patented. The most profitable production way is based on the use of L-arabinose isomerase which allows the manufacture of D-tagatose with an attractive rate. Future developments are focused on the generation of L-arabinose isomerases having biochemical properties satisfying the industrial applications. This report provides a brief review of the most recent patents that have been published relating to this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 3","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30099689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Hsp70 in oncology. Hsp70在肿瘤中的应用。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511797636293
Yusuf Tutar
{"title":"Hsp70 in oncology.","authors":"Yusuf Tutar","doi":"10.2174/187221511797636293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511797636293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hsp70 classes of molecular chaperones are highly conserved in all organisms and play an essential role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Hsp70s assist nascent chain protein folding and denatured proteins, as well as the import of proteins to the organelles, and solubilization of aggregated proteins. ATPase function is required for Hsp70 function. Hsp70s use ATP hydrolysis driven mechanism for substrate protein binding and release. Various Hsps are unregulated in cancers but their significance for tumor growth is poorly understood. Studies have linked Hsp70 to several types of carcinoma. Human Hsp70s allow proliferation of cancer cells and suppress apoptotic and senescence pathways. This review presents Hsp70s role for growth of transformed cells and the current state of Hsp70 as a drug target along with recent patents in humans in this particular area.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 3","pages":"214-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511797636293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30120369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
KIR molecules: recent patents of interest for the diagnosis and treatment of several autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and B-cell malignancies. KIR分子:最近对几种自身免疫性疾病、慢性炎症和b细胞恶性肿瘤的诊断和治疗感兴趣的专利。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511797636266
Valli De Re, Laura Caggiari, Mariangela De Zorzi, Giuseppe Toffoli
{"title":"KIR molecules: recent patents of interest for the diagnosis and treatment of several autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and B-cell malignancies.","authors":"Valli De Re,&nbsp;Laura Caggiari,&nbsp;Mariangela De Zorzi,&nbsp;Giuseppe Toffoli","doi":"10.2174/187221511797636266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511797636266","url":null,"abstract":"There has been rapidly increasing interest in innate immunity in recent years. Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that constitute a major component of the innate immune system. NK cells are mainly modulated through different receptors and cytokines. The killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) represent the largest category of NK cell receptors. KIR function is mainly regulated by binding both classical MHC I (human leukocyte antigen, HLA A, B and C) and also non-classical MHC. Some KIRs are specific to certain HLA subtypes. Questions about how the NK cells sense self-antigen, infection, and altered cells, and how a protective immune response can be induced are being answered at the molecular level. Research has revealed the central role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as B-cell malignancies, with the emergence of recent developments for KIR characterization, disease monitoring, and treatment. In this paper, we report three recent patents focused on KIR applications: the first one is targeted at the determination of the complex KIR haplotypes by using next generation sequencing; the second patent represents a practical approach for genotyping and treatment of the main KIR-related autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases; and the last patent describes the possible contributions of KIR to promising combination immunotherapies.","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 3","pages":"169-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511797636266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30031521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
An analysis of federal circuit discrimination: the evolution of the written description requirement vis-a-vis DNA and biotechnological inventions concerns for synthetic biology. 联邦巡回法院歧视分析:合成生物学中DNA和生物技术发明的书面描述要求的演变。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511797636284
Dov Greenbaum
{"title":"An analysis of federal circuit discrimination: the evolution of the written description requirement vis-a-vis DNA and biotechnological inventions concerns for synthetic biology.","authors":"Dov Greenbaum","doi":"10.2174/187221511797636284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511797636284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Federal Circuit uses particular patent doctrines as policy levers to control the nature of the nation's patent output. To this end, the Court will actively discriminate in it's application of the Patent Act, depending on the nature of the technology before it. One example of such a lever is the written description doctrine. Most recently, the court has looked to this doctrine in an effort to limit the scope of biotechnology patents in general and DNA patents in particular. This paper provides a cursory review of this law regarding the enigmatic written description requirement, examining particularly its history and purposes. It then examines some of the recent cases that allude to the Federal Circuit's particular efforts in the biotechnology industry. Finally, it presents a potentially problematic technology for future implementation of discriminatory practices by the court.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 3","pages":"153-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511797636284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30031522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recent advances and considerations for the future in forensic analysis of degraded DNA by autosomic miniSTR multiplex genotyping. 常染色体miniSTR多重基因分型法鉴定降解DNA的研究进展及展望。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392105
A Odriozola, J M Aznar, D Celorrio, M M De Pancorbo
{"title":"Recent advances and considerations for the future in forensic analysis of degraded DNA by autosomic miniSTR multiplex genotyping.","authors":"A Odriozola,&nbsp;J M Aznar,&nbsp;D Celorrio,&nbsp;M M De Pancorbo","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>STR genotyping from degraded DNA samples requires genetic profiles to be obtained from DNA fragments no bigger than 200-300 bp. It requires the use of miniSTRs, which are smaller than the STRs used in standard typing. This paper reviews recent advances in miniSTR genotyping, beginning with a brief introduction to the processes involved in DNA fragmentation and how it hinders standard STR genotyping before proceeding further to the loci included in the main DNA databases and finishing with the International Workgroups' recommended design strategies for developing miniSTR reactions. The results of the efforts of many laboratories achieving different STR multiplexes and patents are also described and compared. Finally, a consideration of the perspectives for the future in this area is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 2","pages":"110-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511796392105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29896364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Law-medicine interfacing: patenting of human genes and mutations. 法律-医学接口:人类基因和突变的专利。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392015
Arsenio M Fialho, Ananda M Chakrabarty
{"title":"Law-medicine interfacing: patenting of human genes and mutations.","authors":"Arsenio M Fialho,&nbsp;Ananda M Chakrabarty","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mutations, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), deletions and genetic rearrangements in specific genes in the human genome account for not only our physical characteristics and behavior, but can lead to many in-born and acquired diseases. Such changes in the genome can also predispose people to cancers, as well as significantly affect the metabolism and efficacy of many drugs, resulting in some cases in acute toxicity to the drug. The testing of the presence of such genetic mutations and rearrangements is of great practical and commercial value, leading many of these genes and their mutations/deletions and genetic rearrangements to be patented. A recent decision by a judge in the Federal District Court in the Southern District of New York, has created major uncertainties, based on the revocation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene patents, in the eligibility of all human and presumably other gene patents. This article argues that while patents on BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes could be challenged based on a lack of utility, the patenting of the mutations and genetic rearrangements is of great importance to further development and commercialization of genetic tests that can save human lives and prevent suffering, and should be allowed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 2","pages":"81-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29885080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
MicroRNAs patents: the road from bench to bedsides for cancer treatment. MicroRNAs专利:癌症治疗从实验室到病床的道路。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392079
Wei Wu
{"title":"MicroRNAs patents: the road from bench to bedsides for cancer treatment.","authors":"Wei Wu","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding small RNAs, which posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression through mainly binding to 3' untranslated region of mRNA. Most microRNAs are evolutionally conserved cross species; whereas, novel microRNAs expressed in different organisms are also identified with next generation sequencing technology. MicroRNAs play crucial roles in development, stem cells self-renewal, apoptosis and cell cycle. Aberrant microRNA expression in cancer and other diseases has been extensively investigated; the specific microRNAs have been developed for cancer diagnosis, prediction of drug-response and therapeutic outcome. Given the roles of microRNAs in pathophysiological conditions, it is conceivable that development of \"miR-drugs\" with different strategies (miR mimics, anti-miR, small molecule inhibitors of specific miRs) provides great hope to fight against cancer in combination of conventional treatment. In this review, the course of microRNA research to understand cancer biology is briefly introduced, the translation of miRNA studies from bench to bedside, particularly, microRNA implication in cancer with patents for diagnosis, prognosis will be described; the current status and challenges of \"miR-drugs\" development will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 2","pages":"86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29846529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Anti-IL-1β therapies. 抗IL-1β疗法。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392024
Hong Zhang
{"title":"Anti-IL-1β therapies.","authors":"Hong Zhang","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IL-1β is one of the major cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory-associated diseases. Recent studies demonstrate that IL-1β is activated through inflammasomes, which are formed upon recognition of danger signals by the immune system. IL-1β is, therefore, becoming a focus for the development of new anti-inflammatory drug products. Current issued patents mainly covered the methods and the use of four types of IL-1β blockade compounds, namely anti-IL-1β antibody, IL-1 receptor antagonists such as sIL-1Ra and icIL-1Ra and IL1 trap. Two agents, Rilonacept and canakinumab were approved by the US FDA and others are in trial, in which beneficial results have been reported. One can expect that upcoming patents in the field of inflammasome research will facilitate the development of new therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 2","pages":"126-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511796392024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29865395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
The phage display technique: advantages and recent patents. 噬菌体展示技术:优点及最新专利。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392060
Sintia Silva de Almeida, Aryane Aparecida C Magalhães, Siomar de Castro Soares, Meritxell Zurita-Turk, Luiz Ricardo Goulart, Anderson Miyoshi, Vasco Azevedo
{"title":"The phage display technique: advantages and recent patents.","authors":"Sintia Silva de Almeida,&nbsp;Aryane Aparecida C Magalhães,&nbsp;Siomar de Castro Soares,&nbsp;Meritxell Zurita-Turk,&nbsp;Luiz Ricardo Goulart,&nbsp;Anderson Miyoshi,&nbsp;Vasco Azevedo","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phage display technology has advanced considerably since its creation, and the number of research projects using this technique is constantly increasing, generating numerous antibody and antigen libraries. These libraries, besides expediting library screening, improving selection methods and allowing evaluation of novel applications, have great potential for the development of new vaccines, drugs and diagnosis tests. Consequently, patent registries for the protection of these sequences are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":"5 2","pages":"136-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511796392060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30232024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Patentable subject matter: morally neutral and context free. 可专利的主题:道德中立和上下文自由。
Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/187221511796392042
Dov Greenbaum
{"title":"Patentable subject matter: morally neutral and context free.","authors":"Dov Greenbaum","doi":"10.2174/187221511796392042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187221511796392042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AMP v. USPTO otherwise known as the ACLU/Myriad \"gene patenting\" case has famously pitted the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) against Myriad Genetics. DNA patent litigation is not novel, but this case is distinct from typical cases involving commercial rivals; heretofore neither side has an interest in the commercially suicidal attacking of the underlying concept of DNA patents. The ACLU, representing the plaintiffs, has no such qualms. And the ACLU is fighting dirty: the United States patent system is effectively moral and social-context neutral, but the ACLU has succeeded in making social and political concerns the highlight of their legal case, even reframing DNA as per our human understanding, as information, and as distinct from a simple double helical macromolecule. The relevance of the case exceeds the bounds of DNA patents, as reflected in the number of amicus briefs filed, and threatens many other industries, particularly those that rely on extracted biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":74646,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences","volume":" ","pages":"72-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/187221511796392042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40091462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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