Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Production and Characterization of Pomelo Albedo Powder Based Pasta: Physicochemical, Functional, Textural and Sensorial Attributes.","authors":"Simple Sharma, Barinderjit Singh, Yashi Srivastava","doi":"10.2174/012772574X336448241016162401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X336448241016162401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pomelo albedo peel byproducts are composed of many health-ben-eficial phytochemicals during processing. This study aimed to maximize the potential of incorporating pomelo albedo powder as a bioactive ingredient in pasta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, pomelo albedo was fortified with pasta at five different con-centrations (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%), and its effects on the antioxidant, functional, textural, and sensorial attributes of pasta were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the incorporation of albedo powder remarkably elevated the antioxidant properties and significantly increased the WAC (121.23 to 188.97%) and OAC (110.15 to 136.55%). An increase in pomelo albedo is associated with a decrease in cooking time from 10.24 to 8.28 min with cooking loss that is within an acceptable range. The pomelo albedo formulation improved the color and sensorial attributes. A higher albedo concentration significantly reduced the breaking stress, fracturability, firmness, and hard-ness but increased the adhesiveness and cohesiveness of pasta. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of characteristic peaks, and SEM reflects pomelo albedo's impact on the structural integrity of the pasta.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>On the basis of physiochemical, cooking, and sensory data, pasta with a 6% pomelo albedo formulation was found to be the most acceptable, with an overall acceptabil-ity of 8.51. Thus, pomelo albedo can be incorporated into the industry for the preparation of pasta with enhanced nutritional characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Functional Properties and the Lipase Inhibitory Activity of Proteins from Amaranthus cruentus Seeds.","authors":"Arya Nair, Vasanti Suvarna, Rashmi Mallya","doi":"10.2174/012772574X346300241111055324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X346300241111055324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/background: </strong>Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat and is a chronic and complex disease. The medications used to date for the treatment of obesity have exhibited various side effects. Thus, new substances must be sought from alternative sources as anti-obesity drugs. Recently, there has been increased interest in the study of bioactive peptides generated from plant proteins for functional food development. Plant proteins have exhibited pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and can be potentially studied as sources of anti-obesity drugs for long-term use. Amaranthus cruentus seeds are very nutritious, with high protein con-tent and medicinal properties. Hence, this study focuses on pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and functional properties of Amaranthus cruentus seed protein isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Proteins were isolated using conventional and thermal isoelectric pre-cipitation methods. The protein's ability to inhibit lipases was assessed using both synthetic and natural substrates. The functional properties, such as nitrogen solubility, foaming test, emulsi-fication test, and water and oil holding abilities, were evaluated. The protein isolates were char-acterized by SDS-PAGE and DSC. Cell line studies were performed on 3T3-L1 cell lines to determine the cytotoxicity and anti-adipogenic activity of protein isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proteins 1, 2, 3, and 4 were found to have high protein yield and protein content. SDS-PAGE characterization showed protein bands at different molecular weights (kDa). Protein iso-lates demonstrated good functional properties and antilipase activity as compared to flour. In the cell line experiments, protein 1 exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in the lipid content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A. cruentus seed protein could pave the way for the development of nutraceutical formulation in the treatment of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionality of Semolina Pasta Supplemented with Grapefruit Flavedo Byproduct: Effect on Phytochemical, Functional, Textural, Cooking, and Sensorial Quality.","authors":"Sahil Chaudhary, Barinderjit Singh, Tanjeet Singh Chahal, Yashi Srivastava","doi":"10.2174/012772574X330847240911092022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X330847240911092022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pasta is consumed worldwide and can be an excellent food matrix for supplementation. Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) flavedo byproduct is reported to contain considerable amounts of bioactive compounds, which represent a valuable and sustainable source of phenolics. So far, there is limited information available about the utilization of grapefruit flavedo byproducts for supplementation of pasta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate the effect of freeze-dried grapefruit flavedo powder (GFP) incorporation at various concentrations (3, 6, 9, and 12%) on the phytochem-ical, functional, textural, microstructural, and sensory quality of the developed pasta.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fortification with GFP significantly (P<0.05) enhanced antioxidant activities rela-tive to DPPH and FRAP and increased the total phenolic and flavonoid content from 73.20-96.83 mg GAE/100g and 132.41-211.63 mg GAE/100g, respectively. Supplementation with GFP significantly (P<0.05) reduced the optimum cooking time of pasta, while cooking loss increased up to 6.32% with 12% GFP incorporation, which was still under the acceptable limits (<8%). The addition of GFP decreased the L* value, while the a* and b* values in-creased for the pasta. SEM analysis presented that GFP incorporation in pasta affected the structural integrity attributable to the enhanced fiber levels, inducing a weaker matrix, as ascertained by textural profile analysis (TPA) with a decline in hardness attribute with in-creasing GFP concentration. Sensory analysis divulged overall acceptability scores of 8.4 for the pasta with 6% GFP, while further increments in GFP levels led to decreased sensory scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Grapefruit peels are typically discarded as waste, the outer layer of which, i.e., flavedo, could be used to enrich pasta. The present research divulged that pasta supplemen-tation with freeze-dried flavedo powder could provide total phenolic content, flavonoid con-tent, and antioxidant potential without compromising on the technological and sensory qual-ity of pasta. Utilization of this citrus waste as a bioactive food ingredient with promising effects represents a valuable byproduct valorization strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin Analogous: Prospective and Advances.","authors":"Harsh Yadav, Rishabha Malviya, Niranjan Kaushik, Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar","doi":"10.2174/012772574X332803240930065210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X332803240930065210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the article is to investigate the therapeutic potential of quer-cetin and related compounds by elucidating their pharmacological characteristics and molecular mechanisms of action. The potential benefits of quercetin and its analogs for cardiovascular health, disorders of the brain, metabolic disorders, and more are discussed in the discussion part of this page. Concerns about their clinical efficacy due to issues with bioavailability and distribution are also discussed. This region of the paper emphasizes the importance of researchers and clinicians working together to maximize the incorporation of these chemicals into real-world therapeutic approaches. In conclusion, quercetin, along with related substances, shows great potential in a wide range of therapeutic settings. Potentially useful for the management of a wide variety of illnesses, their multiple methods of action include the regulation of pathways for cell signaling and interaction with different enzymes. However, additional clinical tri-als are needed to verify their efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining Chronic Disease Care: Unleashing the Potential of Phytomedicines.","authors":"Tohfa Siddiqui, Vikram Sharma, Sakshi Kumar, Komal Gupta","doi":"10.2174/012772574X324849240912071511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X324849240912071511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytomedicines represent a diverse array of plant-derived compounds renowned for their therapeutic potential. Traditionally, these mixtures were extracted using water or ethanol, but simpler methods like tea infusions are gaining prominence. However, ensuring the efficacy and safety of phytomedicines demands high-quality plant material and stringent production processes. Advancements in biological screening techniques have shed light on the mechanisms of action of phytomedicines, emphasizing the significance of synergistic interactions among their constituents. Ten widely-used phytomedicines are outlined, detailing their applications, efficacy, and safety profiles, underscoring their global importance in healthcare. Moreover, ongoing research in phytomedicine development showcases the rich biodiversity's capacity to yield novel medicinal compounds. These studies highlight the potential of untapped plant sources in providing innovative solutions to medical challenges, offering promising avenues for future therapeutics. In essence, the utilization of phytomedicines underscores a fusion of traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches, emphasizing both the importance of respecting ancient remedies and harnessing contemporary advancements for improved healthcare outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jivamrit as a Sustainable Approach: A Review of Natural Farming and Future Agriculture.","authors":"Ashish Warghane, Vaibhav Bhatt, B A Chopade, Jigisha Thakkar, Ritu Sharma, Arijit Mondal, Priyanka Sabhadiya, Ankit Singh, Gayatary Bhardwaj","doi":"10.2174/012772574X332918240911033507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X332918240911033507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green Revolution aims to boost food production and feed millions of Indians, but it also has negative effects on agriculture and society's health. Natural manures like cow dung and cow urine can counteract the adverse effects of inorganic fertilizer on soil along with improving physicochemical qualities, maintaining the soil quality, and increasing crop output. Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) formulations like Jivamrit promote soil health and microbial activities and are an excellent source of macronutrients, other micronutrients needed for plant growth, plus adds beneficial microbes, nitrogen (N2), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and natural carbon (C). Further, conventional agricultural methods, like monocropping and heavy tillage, can damage soil bacteria which contributes to sustainable agriculture through nitrogen fixation, siderophore synthesis and nutrient absorption. A sustainable agricultural system is resource-efficient, socially and commercially competitive, ecologically sound, and supportive of society. Jivamrit, a natural organic manure, is gaining interest due to concerns about the sustainability of input-intensive agriculture systems. It promotes crop growth, quality, and yield, enhances soil pH, population, and activity of beneficial microorganisms, and helps with nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubili-zation, and easy decomposition. Long-term use of Jivamrit, may disrupt soil microbial balance, may leading to overpopulation of certain species. The current review on the Jivamrit emphasizes on the biological and chemical characterization and its significance to the agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Diet and Dietary Patterns on the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review","authors":"Rabie Khattab, Arafat Goja, Welayah AlAmmar","doi":"10.2174/012772574X325602240910075218","DOIUrl":"10.2174/012772574X325602240910075218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The link between diet and the progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a topic of growing interest and investigation within the medical community. This review explored the mechanisms through which dietary interventions can impact the course of MS and shape the clinical outcomes and quality of life of individuals with the disease. By synthesizing current knowledge from clinical studies and observational research, the review aimed to provide insights into the role of diet in managing MS. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, focusing on the effect of diet and dietary patterns on the progression of MS. Key findings indicated that individuals with higher diet quality exhibit reduced disability levels and lower symptom severity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy diet and adopting a holistic, healthy lifestyle in managing MS. The review also delved into the potential impact of macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals on the progression of MS, highlighting the importance of adequate nutrient intake for optimal health outcomes. Additionally, the study explored the association between dietary intake variations and the severity of MS, suggesting that further investigation is needed to understand the potential implications of nutrient deficiencies in MS patients. Overall, the review serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and individuals living with MS, providing evidence-based dietary approaches that may help optimize health outcomes and mitigate the burden of the disease. It also calls for future research directions in the critical area of dietary management of MS to enhance our understanding and improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods on Food Sustainability: Exposure Assessment and Health Implications.","authors":"Muskan Chadha, Ratnakar Shukla, Rohit Kumar Tiwari, Dharmendra Kumar Dubey, Karuna Singh","doi":"10.2174/012772574X327683240910063234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X327683240910063234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) is a global health concern as-sociated with an increased incidence of non-communicable diseases. UPFs are characterized by their extensive industrial processing and high content of additives, preservatives, chemicals, and artificial ingredients that are used to mask defects or inferior ingredients of end food products, presenting a multifaceted challenge to contemporary society. Exposure assessment showed that almost 50% to 30% of the energy consumption per day comes from UPFs. The more processed a food is, the less likely it is to be healthy and nutritious. UPFs affect human health by increasing the risk of obesity, heart disease, cancer, depression, diabetes, etc., as these foods are typically made up of a large number of preservatives, high content of fats, sodium, and sugars, and low contents of protein, fiber, and potassium. The ingredients required for the production of UPFs are commonly derived from intensive monoculture and livestock of raw foods. This, in turn, exerts imminent effects on agriculture, biodiversity, and the global food system by altering the bioavailability of nutrients within agricultural soil, thereby increasing the dependency on ferti-lizers and insecticides. Recent studies have shown that over-consumption of UPF has an effect on culinary traditions, loss of biodiversity, human well-being, and food system sustainability. Therefore, for better food system sustainability, the consumption of UPFs should be reduced, and we should move toward minimal processing technologies, preferably for seasonal and or-ganic local products. Based on available data, there is an urgent need to implement policies and regulations for the agro-food industry to include nutritional and environmental criteria. This review explains the different dimensions of UPFs in relation to health, nutrition, environment, current challenges, future innovations, and wider sustainability concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Promotion and In vitro Seed Germination of Lycium barbarum L. (Red Goji) Using Different Types of Cytokinins.","authors":"Ainun Fazdilah Azmi, Nurul Izzati Osman","doi":"10.2174/012772574X313421240902052600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X313421240902052600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lycium barbarum L., commonly known as red goji berry, is a widely recognized plant-based medicinal herb with nutritional and therapeutic properties. In this study, the effects of various cytokinins on the germination of L. barbarum seeds and the growth of seedlings were investigated under in vitro conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The berries were first surface sterilized and dissected, and the seeds were then cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/L) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), and kinetin (KIN) for 10 weeks at 25±2ºC with a photoperiod of 16 hours and a light intensity of 1000 lux. Upon observation after 10 weeks of culture, all cytokinin-treated cultures produced 100% seed germination as early as 7 days. KIN at 0.5 mg/L produced plantlets with the greatest height (8.40 ± 0.97 cm) with extensive rooting and the greatest total chlorophyll production. Besides, KIN at 1.5 mg/L resulted in the highest number of leaves per plantlet (6.90 ± 0.72), while 1.0 mg/L of TDZ led to the greatest biomass, i.e., fresh weight (FW) of 0.328 ± 0.05 gram and dry weight (DW) of 0.023 ± 0.003 gram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All cytokinins used in this experiment (BAP, TDZ, and KIN) promoted different in vitro growth promotion responses in L. barbarum. The effects of different types and concentrations of cytokinin on the height of plantlets, number of leaves per plantlet, fresh and dry weight, the extent of rooting, and the chlorophyll content were demonstrated to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into optimizing in vitro cultivation techniques for goji berry propagation, which could contribute to developing superior cultivars and increased production of this superfruit in the future. For future perspectives, extended research in elucidating the underlying mechanism associated with cytokinin supplementation is imperative to understanding the roles of cytokinins and optimizing their effects on plant growth promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current State of Scientific Knowledge on Curcumin Encapsulation and Applications.","authors":"Wissam Zam, Mohamed Reda Zahi, Mohamed El Hattab","doi":"10.2174/012772574X330008240827052241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/012772574X330008240827052241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The yellow pigment curcumin has long been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Over the past half-century, scien-tific investigations have shown that curcumin is endowed with additional health benefits be-cause it can modify key molecular targets associated with a number of pathologies, such as diabetes, cancer, and arthritis, in addition to cardiovascular, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, and Crohn's diseases. However, this molecule has several disadvantages, such as low bioavail-ability and solubility, severe oxidative destruction, light sensitivity, fast systemic clearance and breakdown at alkaline pH levels. To address these drawbacks, several methods of micro-encapsulation employing a variety of shell materials have been investigated. These techniques contributed toward the increase of curcumin's solubility and stability against heat, light, oxy-gen, and an alkaline pH. The various shell materials and methods used to microencapsulate this chemical are the main topics of this review. The use of microencapsulated curcumin in food, medicine, and cosmetics is also discussed in more detail. Recent relevant research from the last few years has been given in this area, along with future difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":74644,"journal":{"name":"Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}