Progress in rehabilitation medicine最新文献

{"title":"Preoperative Functional Mobility as a Predictor of Exceeding the Planned Length of Hospital Stay after Lumbar Fusion Surgery for Spinal Stenosis.","authors":"Kaisei Kiriyama, Atsushi Endo, Yoshito Kurashima, Yoshinori Hiyama","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260016","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the association between preoperative functional mobility and exceeding the planned length of hospital stay (LOS) after lumbar fusion surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and to identify factors associated with preoperative functional mobility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 122 patients who underwent lumbar fusion for LSS were included. Preoperative functional mobility was assessed using the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. LOS was categorized as standard (≤14 days) or exceeded (>14 days). Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using modified Poisson regression to analyze the association between preoperative TUG performance and LOS. Additionally, linear regression was used to identify factors associated with preoperative TUG performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the univariate modified Poisson regression model, exceeding the planned LOS was associated with preoperative TUG performance (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.14; P <0.001). In the adjusted model, this association remained significant (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.14; P <0.001). Poorer preoperative TUG performance was also associated with female sex (mean difference, -2.02 s; 95% CI, -3.60 to -0.43; P = 0.014) and psychiatric comorbidities (mean difference, 7.91 s; 95% CI, 1.95 to 13.87; P = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poorer preoperative functional mobility is an independent predictor of exceeding the planned LOS after lumbar fusion surgery for LSS. Routine preoperative assessment with the TUG test may help identify high-risk patients, and targeted strategies such as enhanced preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation could reduce the likelihood of prolonged hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13050995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147635119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe Grip Strength Shows Stronger Associations with Falls than Knee Extension or Hand Grip in Older Adults: A 1-year Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Sayo Miura, Nobuaki Himuro, Masayuki Koyama, Toshiaki Seko, Hirofumi Ohnishi","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260015","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined associations of toe grip strength (TGS) with fall occurrence and the number of falls in community-dwelling older adults and evaluated knee extension strength (KES) and hand grip strength (HGS) as established indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults aged 65-94 years (n=208) at 2018 municipal health checkups were enrolled. TGS, KES, and HGS were measured with quantitative devices and normalized to body weight (%BW). Prior-year falls were recorded at baseline, and fall occurrence and the number of falls over the subsequent year were collected at the next annual checkup. Associations were estimated with multivariable logistic regression for fall occurrence and negative binomial regression for the number of falls, adjusted for age, sex, prior-year fall history, cardiovascular disease or stroke, physical activity, and serum albumin. Nonlinearity was assessed with restricted cubic splines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher TGS was associated with lower odds of fall occurrence [odds ratio (OR) 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89-0.99, P = 0.015] and fewer falls [risk ratio (RR) 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99, P = 0.015]. KES was weakly associated with falls (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.00, P = 0.041; RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.00, P = 0.042), whereas HGS showed no association. Splines indicated nonlinearity: TGS odds were flat around 17-27 %BW and rose below ~17 %BW; KES odds increased below ~75 %BW; HGS was flat around 45-55 %BW.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TGS was associated with fall occurrence and the number of falls, whereas KES showed weak associations and HGS showed no association, indicating that the TGS measurement may be useful for risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of the Kihon Checklist in Older Cardiovascular Disease Patients.","authors":"Kakeru Hashimoto, Akihiro Hirashiki, Koki Kawamura, Ikue Ueda, Tatsuya Yoshida, Takahiro Kamihara, Manabu Kokubo, Atsuya Shimizu, Hitoshi Kagaya","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260014","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Of various frailty indicators, none are suitable for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to verify the association between the Kihon checklist (KCL) score and prognosis of older adults with CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 336) were adults with CVD (aged ≥ 65 years, mean age 81 years) who required hospitalization. They were assessed with the KCL, and data were obtained for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) at discharge, and the occurrence of all-cause death, CVD composite endpoint, CVD death, and CVD hospitalization after discharge. The cutoff value of the KCL score for all-cause death was calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, and participants were divided into two groups. The relationship between KCL score and prognosis was examined using survival time (Kaplan-Meier method) and Cox proportional hazards analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The KCL cutoff value was 8 (KCL < 8, n=155). Survival time analysis showed significant differences in all-cause death, CVD composite endpoint, and CVD death (log-rank test: P < 0.001, each). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that KCL score of 8 or higher was significantly associated with all-cause death [hazard ratio (HR), 2.731; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.202-6.205] and CVD death (HR, 2.875; 95% CI, 1.124-7.353). In the HF only group, KCL score of 8 or higher was not significantly associated with all-cause death, CVD death, or CVD composite endpoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Total KCL score was associated with mortality in the overall cohort of older adults with CVD, although the association in the HF subgroup alone showed a borderline trend.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260014"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13034008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ankle Dorsiflexor Strength on the Affected Side in Acute Stroke Patients is Related to the Use of Orthoses at Discharge: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yuji Okada, Katsushi Kuniyasu, Yosuke Yoshimura, Takashi Hiraoka, Kozo Hanayama","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260013","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Approximately 40% of stroke patients discharged from rehabilitation hospitals achieve restored gait using an ankle-foot orthosis. However, whether the use of lower-limb orthoses (LLO) at discharge is required is unknown in the acute phase. Therefore, it is difficult to explain the use of LLO to patients and their families. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the use of LLO at discharge based on acute functional impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively investigated 152 patients who were transferred to a convalescent rehabilitation ward (CRW) after undergoing acute rehabilitation between 1 May 2009 and 31 March 2018 and regained gait ability. The user (U) group included patients who used LLO. Multivariate analysis was performed for factors related to acute functional impairment 1 week after starting physical therapy and the use of LLO at discharge from the CRW. The predictive performance of each factor was analyzed. Acute functional impairment was measured in terms of paralyzed lower-limb motor function, trunk function, non-paralyzed side function, and higher brain function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-four patients (49%) were in the U group, and acute functional impairment was more severe than that in the non-user group, except for the non-paralyzed side function. Multivariate analysis showed that a paralyzed ankle dorsiflexor muscle, as assessed by the foot pat test, was associated with LLO use at discharge (P=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A paralyzed dorsiflexor muscle during the acute phase is a factor that helps determine whether to use LLO at discharge from the CRW.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13016960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Nutritional and Exercise Interventions for Cachexia in Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Limited to Cancer Cachexia.","authors":"Masatsugu Okamura, Kengo Shirado, Nobuyuki Shirai, Takuma Yagi, Tatsuro Inoue, Masato Ogawa, Erin Stella Sullivan, Stephan Von Haehling, Jochen Springer, Stefan D Anker, Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260012","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cachexia is a condition marked by weight loss and reduced skeletal muscle mass, with or without the loss of fat mass, commonly occurring in patients with chronic diseases such as cancer and heart failure, on a background of inflammation. Interventions that combine nutrition and exercise may offer greater benefits than either approach alone in mitigating cachexia-related impairments. Nevertheless, their overall impact remains unclear. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of combined nutritional and exercise interventions for cachexia in patients with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted searches via PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PEDro, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov through to 3 December 2024. Eligible studies were intervention studies or observational studies comparing combined nutritional and exercise interventions with control conditions, which included usual care or unimodal interventions (nutrition or exercise alone), in patients diagnosed with cachexia according to the Evans or Fearon criteria. The assessed outcomes included body weight, body composition, mortality, activities of daily living, physical function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1926 identified records, five studies involving only patients with cancer met the inclusion criteria. There is significant uncertainty regarding how combined interventions impact mortality rates compared to control groups (two studies, 66 participants: odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 0.13-9.97; I² = 0%; evidence of very low certainty). Meta-analyses for other outcomes could not be performed because of sparse and heterogeneous data. We also identified 22 ongoing trials involving patients with cancer, chronic kidney disease, and AIDS, with results pending.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence regarding combined nutritional and exercise interventions for cachexia is of very low certainty, and no high-quality evidence currently exists to support their effectiveness. Findings across studies are inconsistent, and further rigorous, well-designed trials are urgently needed. The development and adoption of core outcome sets will be essential to enable future meta-analyses. Results from ongoing trials are awaited.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Inconveniences in Daily At-home Living among Adults with Achondroplasia.","authors":"Akiko Ajimi, Masaki Matsushita, Hiroshi Kitoh, Kenichi Mishima, Kenta Sawamura, Shiro Imagama","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260011","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12978163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147446288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Percent Body Fat with Balance, Gait, and Locomotive Syndrome Risk in Community-dwelling Older Women.","authors":"Junji Nishimoto, Koji Ono, Shingo Taki, Ryo Tanaka","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260010","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Locomotive syndrome (LS) is prevalent among older adults, particularly women, and is a major contributor to the need for long-term care. In rapidly aging Japan, addressing LS has become a public health priority. Although skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat (PBF), balance, and walking speed have each been linked to LS, their interrelationships remain unclear. This study examined how muscle mass and PBF are associated with LS risk in relation to balance and walking speed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed community-dwelling older women aged 65 years or older, recruited from a larger cohort of adults aged 18 years or older who were able to ambulate independently. Assessments included skeletal muscle index (SMI), PBF, balance (single-leg standing time), walking speed, and LS status (two-step test, stand-up test, and the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale). Path analysis was performed to examine the associations among variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 285 participants were included. The path model demonstrated acceptable fit (goodness-of-fit index = 0.986; adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.945; root mean square error of approximation = 0.056). PBF was associated with balance function (β = -0.24), which was statistically related to both walking speed (β = 0.33) and LS risk (β = -0.37). SMI showed no association with balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In predominantly non-sarcopenic older women, higher PBF was associated with increased LS risk, with these associations statistically related to balance and gait functions. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these pathways and clarify causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147357954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Assistive Limb Single-joint Type with Table-mounted Support Device for Upper Limb Paresis after Stroke: A Preliminary Case Series.","authors":"Seiji Miura, Ryosuke Noudomi, Seisaburo Sakamoto, Toru Inoue","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260009","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12932072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation with Intrathecal Baclofen and Gait Training Using Hybrid Assistive Limb in a Patient with Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A Case Report.","authors":"Makoto Asaeda, Mariko Urabe, Naoya Orita, Noriaki Maeda, Kiyo Ueda, Takeya Araki, Yukio Mikami","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260007","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12910105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146222297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Exercise Tolerance with Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Locoregional Therapy.","authors":"Rikuto Yagi, Shunsuke Sato, Nobuyuki Azuma, Kazutaka Kawahara, Daisuke Watanabe, Aturo Kobayashi, Chiaki Tsuchiya, Yoko Furuya, Rumi Takayama, Takuya Takayama, Yuji Kita, Yuji Ikeda, Sho Sato, Ayato Murata, Yuji Shimada, Akira Tanuma, Takuya Genda","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260008","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Functional exercise capacity is impaired in patients with chronic diseases or malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the association between exercise tolerance and the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving locoregional therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center prospective study enrolled 41 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who had a Barthel index of 100 and received locoregional therapy. Baseline exercise tolerance, physical function, and body composition were measured. Factors associated with mortality were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Recurrence-free and overall survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 41 patients, 16 were shown to have exercise intolerance through the 6-min walk test. None of the baseline laboratory data, physical function, body composition, or sarcopenia comorbidity showed significant differences between exercise-tolerant and exercise-intolerant patients. During a median follow-up period of 31 months, 8 patients died. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified the baseline albumin-bilirubin score and exercise intolerance as independent predictors of mortality. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that the overall, but not recurrence-free, survival rate was significantly lower in patients with exercise intolerance than in those with exercise tolerance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exercise intolerance is associated with lower survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving locoregional therapy. In particular, patients with albumin-bilirubin grade 2 and exercise intolerance may be at high risk of poor prognosis after locoregional therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12910106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146222288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}