Progress in rehabilitation medicine最新文献

{"title":"Seven-day Accelerometer-derived Wrist Activity after Acute Stroke Stratified by Hemiparesis Severity: A Prospective Observational Pilot Study.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Kouda, Kohei Koizumi, Kakeru Mizumura, Hidetoshi Takahashi, Toyohiro Hamaguchi","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260058","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This hypothesis-driven prospective pilot study characterized 7-day trajectories of bilateral wrist activity after acute stroke by baseline Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) severity. We hypothesized that mild impairment would be associated with greater paretic-side activity and more symmetric activity, whereas bilateral balance would change little despite clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who began rehabilitation within 3 days after stroke wore bilateral wrist accelerometers for 7 days. Exploratory strata were mild (FMA-UE >45) and severe (≤45), based on an inflection point of 45.3 reported for subacute stroke. Daily vector magnitude (VM) and magnitude ratio [MR = log₁₀(paretic VM/non-paretic VM)] were analyzed using sex-adjusted linear mixed-effects models with participant random intercepts. Unannotated walking, care, therapy, and sleep were included; indices therefore represented overall inpatient wrist acceleration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 32 enrolled patients, 24 completed monitoring (mild impairment, n = 16; severe impairment, n = 8). At day 1, the severe group had lower paretic VM [β = -468,257 counts/day; 95% confidence interval (CI) -826,564 to -109,949; P = 0.010] and MR (β = -0.348; 95% CI -0.515 to -0.181; P <0.001) than the mild group. In the mild reference group, day coefficients were positive for non-paretic VM (β = 46,589; P <0.001) and paretic VM (β = 34,801; P = 0.002). Group-by-day interactions were nonsignificant, and MR showed no significant day effect. FMA-UE and Action Research Arm Test scores increased in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wrist activity and bilateral balance differed by baseline severity. MR showed no significant temporal change despite improved clinical motor scores. Bilateral wrist accelerometry may complement clinical assessment but reflects overall wrist acceleration rather than purposeful upper-limb use.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260058"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Burden and Its Escalation Predict Incidence of Hospital-associated Disability in Older Inpatients: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Eiji Kose, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Shinta Nishioka, Takako Nagai, Nao Hashida, Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260056","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Whether medication burden contributes to hospital-associated disability (HAD) in older inpatients remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between medication count and HAD incidence to identify potential pharmacotherapy targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter prospective cohort study used data from a HAD registry collected from 1 February 2023 to 31 March 2025. Eligible patients were aged 70 years or older, admitted to medical wards, received rehabilitation, had hospital stays of 48 h or longer, and were independent in activities of daily living at admission (Katz Index of 6). HAD was defined as a Katz Index less than 6 at discharge. The primary outcome was medication count at admission; the secondary outcome was change in medication count during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression models with varying covariate adjustment assessed whether admission medication count and in-hospital change were independently associated with HAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 206 patients (mean age 80.3 years; 60.7% men), 60 (29.1%) developed HAD. Across the models, the medication counts on admission independently increased the HAD risk [odds ratio (OR), 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.28]. Increased medication count during hospitalization was also associated with HAD development (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.45), reaching significance in most models. Subgroup analyses showed that a medication count on admission of at least five or at least six increased the HAD risk (OR, 1.89 and 1.93, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both admission medication count and increase in the in-hospital medication count were associated with HAD development. To prevent HAD development, medication regimens should be optimized, including efforts to reduce unnecessary polypharmacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Angle at Completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Predicts Unplanned All-cause Readmission: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Hirokazu Onishi, Masato Ogawa, Tasuku Honda, Maki Kobayashi, Rika Soma, Ryo Yoshikawa, Yoshitada Sakai","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260057","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Phase angle (PhA) reflects cellular integrity and systemic physiological resilience. This study investigated whether PhA measured at the completion of late-recovery-phase cardiac rehabilitation (CR) predicts unplanned all-cause readmission in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), comparing its predictive value with baseline PhA and exercise capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 83 patients with CVD. PhA, peak oxygen uptake (peak V̇O₂), and anaerobic threshold (AT) were assessed at both CR initiation and completion. The primary endpoint was unplanned all-cause readmission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 615 days, 21 patients (25.3%) experienced unplanned all-cause readmission. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed that PhA at CR completion was a significant independent predictor of readmission [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26-0.93, P = 0.03], whereas neither PhA at initiation (P = 0.08) nor the change in PhA (ΔPhA; P = 0.41) showed significant associations. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that no statistically significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC) was observed between PhA (AUC = 0.69) and AT (AUC = 0.78, P = 0.14) or peak V̇O₂ (AUC = 0.75, P = 0.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PhA measured at the completion of late-recovery-phase CR is an independent predictor of unplanned readmission, whereas baseline PhA and ΔPhA were not significantly associated with readmission risk. Assessing PhA at this transition point may provide useful information for risk stratification and individualized long-term management in patients with CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consciousness and Physical Function in Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness in Japan: A Cross-sectional Comparison by Rehabilitation Status.","authors":"Masachika Niimi, Yoshimasa Adachi, Wataru Tsuchiya, Toshihiro Sato, Takamasa Kobayashi, Tadashi Nakazawa, Tsukasa Kuwana, Toru Hosokawa, Umefumi Iguchi, Katsuhiro Nakagawa, Yasuyoshi Kai, Kosaku Kinoshita, Hisakuni Sekino","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2490/prm.20260055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In Japan, few patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC) receive appropriate evaluation of consciousness, and their physical status is unclear. We investigated state of consciousness and the incidence of spasticity and contracture in patients with pDoC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed state of consciousness by using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). We evaluated physical status using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and range of motion (ROM). At Hospital A, patients did not receive rehabilitation, whereas patients at Hospital B received continuous rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine (33.3%) patients out of 27 were assessed as emergence from minimally conscious state (EMCS) at Hospital A, compared with 10 (27.8%) patients out of 36 at Hospital B. The mean ankle joint MAS score was higher in patients at Hospital A than at Hospital B. The mean ROM for ankle dorsiflexion was lower in patients at Hospital A than those at Hospital B. The mean elbow joint MAS score was lower in the EMCS group relative to the minimally conscious state (MCS) group. The mean ankle joint MAS score was lower in the EMCS group relative to the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) group. Multiple regression analyses showed that admitted facility (Hospital A or Hospital B) was associated with ankle joint MAS scores and ankle dorsiflexion ROM, but was independent of age, classification of DOC, and time from onset to evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Some patients with pDOC may show improvement in status of consciousness. This study suggests that rehabilitation can reduce ankle spasticity and contracture in patients with pDOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acid-enriched nutritional supplement after exercise on skeletal muscle mass in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.","authors":"Makoto Iwahashi, Tomoko Matsumoto, Yumi Mori, Chiaki Wada, Fumihiro Tajima, Hiroyuki Kurakami, Tomomi Yamada, Kishio Nanjo","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2490/prm.20260054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched nutritional supplementation after exercise on skeletal muscle and walking ability in patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty patients with gastric or colorectal cancer scheduled for surgery were enrolled in this single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled study. Patients were randomly assigned to a BCAA-enriched jelly group (test group) or an amino acid-free jelly group (control group). Both groups received perioperative exercise therapy and jelly supplementation immediately after exercise. The primary endpoints were percentage changes in thigh skeletal muscle area from pre-intervention to 9 weeks after discharge and from 2 weeks after surgery to 9 weeks after discharge. Secondary endpoints were changes in isometric knee extension and flexion strength and 6-minute walk distance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One patient withdrew consent; therefore, the full analysis set consisted of 24 patients in the test group and 25 patients in the control group. The percentage changes in quadriceps area from pre-intervention to 9 weeks after discharge were 3.24 ± 6.63% and 2.34 ± 16.59% in the test and control groups, respectively, with no significant difference. From 2 weeks after surgery to 9 weeks after discharge, the changes were 8.40 ± 7.57% and 4.44 ± 12.93%, respectively, with no significant difference. No significant differences were observed in hamstring area, lower-limb strength, or 6-minute walk distance between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perioperative exercise therapy combined with BCAA-enriched supplementation did not significantly improve thigh skeletal muscle area, muscle strength, or walking ability after surgery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery compared with amino acid-free supplementation. Further studies with adequate sample sizes and higher BCAA intake are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260054"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Postoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index, Dementia, and Walking Independence at Discharge in Patients with Hip Fracture: A Multicenter Observational Study.","authors":"Akira Kuwabara, Masaomi Yamashita, Kohei Okuyama, Yawara Eguchi, Miyako Suzuki-Narita, Yasuhiro Shiga, Masahiro Inoue, Takahisa Hishiya, Shuhei Ohyama, Noritaka Suzuki, Kosuke Takeda, Masaya Mizutani, Susumu Tashiro, Akihiro Iida, Yu Otake, Sumihisa Orita, Seiji Ohtori, Kazuhide Inage","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260053","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated whether early postoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), dementia, and physical function are associated with walking independence at discharge in patients with hip fracture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective observational study included 173 complete-case patients aged 65 years or older who had been independent ambulators before hip fracture surgery. The primary outcome was walking independence at discharge. Early postoperative PNI was calculated from serum albumin concentration and total lymphocyte count at 1 week postoperatively. Physical function was assessed using single-leg standing time and weight-bearing ratio on the non-affected side. Multivariable logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 173 patients, 85 were independent walkers and 88 were non-independent walkers at discharge. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that lower PNI at 1 week postoperatively [odds ratio (OR) per 1-point increase, 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80-0.92; P <0.001] and dementia (OR, 6.32; 95% CI, 2.75-15.87; P <0.001) were independently associated with non-independent walking at discharge. These associations remained consistent in sensitivity analyses including adjustment for log-transformed C-reactive protein and a parsimonious model including age, dementia, and PNI. The area under the ROC curve for PNI was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.58-0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early postoperative PNI and dementia were independently associated with non-independent walking at discharge. PNI may serve as an adjunctive marker for early risk stratification in patients with hip fracture.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260053"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Function Influences Longitudinal Motor Function Recovery after Proximal Femoral Fracture: A Longitudinal Analysis.","authors":"Takehiro Kaneoka, Tomohiro Kawazoe, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Gen Shiraishi, Takashi Sakai","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260052","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>As the incidence of proximal femoral fractures (PFFs) continues to increase, optimizing patient-specific treatment strategies is essential for the efficient use of healthcare resources. The aim of this study was to examine longitudinal postoperative motor function recovery in patients with femoral neck fractures (FNF) and intertrochanteric fractures (ITFs) and to identify which factors, including fracture type and patient-related characteristics, predominantly influence recovery trajectories to inform individualized rehabilitation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who underwent bipolar hip arthroplasty for FNF (201 hips) or internal fixation for ITF (224 hips) and completed convalescent rehabilitation. Motor function was assessed using the motor Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) at admission to and discharge from the convalescent rehabilitation ward. Longitudinal mFIM score changes were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model (LMM), with time, fracture type, cognitive function, pre-fracture mobility status, age, and other covariates as fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the LMM, only cognitive function showed a significant interaction with time (P<i> <</i>0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38 to 0.66), whereas fracture type did not (P<i> = </i>0.055, 95% CI -0.06 to 5.13). Fracture type (P<i> <</i>0.001, 95% CI -8.28 to -2.56) and pre-fracture mobility status (P<i> <</i>0.001, 95% CI -6.22 to -3.28) demonstrated only significant main effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative functional recovery trajectories after PFFs were significantly influenced by cognitive function. The use of LMM facilitated detailed assessment of longitudinal recovery patterns beyond single time-point evaluations. These findings highlight the importance of cognitively tailored rehabilitation strategies in optimizing functional recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Beverage Can-opening Status as a Screening Indicator for Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Shuntaro Tsuji, Yohei Sawaya, Tamaki Hirose, Takahiro Shiba, Ryo Sato, Lu Yin, Masafumi Itokazu, Tomohiko Urano","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260051","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine whether the ability to open a canned beverage can be associated with sarcopenia and to determine whether beverage can-opening status could serve as a simple screening indicator for sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 109 older adults requiring long-term care/support attending daycare rehabilitation services (81.1 ± 6.9 years; 55 men, 54 women). Participants were instructed to open a stay-on-tab beverage can while sitting and were classified into Success or Failure groups according to single-attempt performance. Handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were measured to diagnose sarcopenia according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2025 criteria. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between sarcopenia, handgrip strength, SMI, and beverage can-opening status after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, Barthel Index, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Screening performance for the inability to open a can for sarcopenia was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Success and Failure groups comprised 78 and 31 participants, respectively. Can-opening failure was significantly associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-14.1; P = 0.009), and similar associations were observed for low handgrip strength and low SMI. The inability to open a canned beverage demonstrated a moderate discriminatory ability for sarcopenia (area under the curve, 0.62; sensitivity, 42.2%; specificity, 81.3%; P = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Beverage can-opening status may reflect sarcopenia status. Difficulty in opening cans, an everyday sign readily noticed by individuals and family members, may facilitate early detection of sarcopenia without specialized measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260051"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13581455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Medication Swallowing in Dysphagia: Prevalence of Penetration, Aspiration, Residue, and Epiglottic Morphology Impact-A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Kazuya Hara, Kenjiro Kunieda, Keishi Okamoto, Tomohisa Ohno, Takashi Shigematsu, Ichiro Fujishima","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2490/prm.20260050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pill dysphagia, defined as difficulty swallowing oral medications, is associated with liquid penetration, aspiration, and residue. However, data on these outcomes based on videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of liquid penetration-aspiration and tablet residue using VFSS and identify the associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 93 patients with dysphagia who exhibited a Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) score of 1 while drinking moderately thickened liquids. The patients were evaluated with small, medium, or both tablet sizes based on clinical judgment. Primary endpoints were liquid penetration-aspiration (PAS ≥2) and tablet residue. We analyzed liquid penetration-aspiration risk factors using multivariable logistic regression. Because of sample imbalance for residue, we examined the association with epiglottic morphology using univariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Liquid penetration-aspiration and tablet residue occurred in 33.3% and 34.4% of the patients, respectively. Multivariable logistic analysis identified that unthickened liquid [odds ratio (OR) = 4.40] and small tablet size (OR = 3.19) were significantly associated with liquid penetration-aspiration. In the univariate analysis, intermediate epiglottic morphology was significantly associated with vallecular residue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even when swallowing liquids is safe, patients may experience penetration, aspiration, or residue during oral medication swallowing. Unthickened liquids were independently associated with liquid penetration-aspiration. The association between small tablets and aspiration likely reflects confounding by indication in patients requiring a more cautious swallowing approach. Although not an independent risk factor for overall residue, intermediate epiglottic morphology may specifically contribute to vallecular tablet residue.</p>","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260050"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic Improvement Following Vacuum Dry Swallowing Training in a Patient with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Case Report.","authors":"Yuji Suzuki, Kenjiro Kunieda, Takashi Shigematsu, Masamichi Nagasawa, Ichiro Fujishima","doi":"10.2490/prm.20260049","DOIUrl":"10.2490/prm.20260049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74584,"journal":{"name":"Progress in rehabilitation medicine","volume":"11 ","pages":"20260049"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}